‘Bringing Green Revolution to
Eastern India’
Sub scheme of Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana
supplementing crop husbandry programs in
Eastern Indian States
Status of BGREI Implementation in Preparatory meeting of 26th July 2012
Objective
• Increased and assured supply of rice production to
meet the growing demand
– Reduce climate change related risks by widening
production base and fast tracking development of high
potential production area
• Remove regional imbalance in production
– Self sufficiency in major consuming areas
– Economies of logistics
• Preserve natural resources
– Sustainable production in appropriate agro ecologies
Potential of Eastern Region
 The region is
endowed
with climatic conditions
particularly congenial temperature regime suitable for
year round cropping
 Vast unexploited agricultural potential
 increasing cropping intensity
 Increasing crop productivity
 The region witnesses high annual rainfall and is rich in
utilizable surface and ground-water resources
Ground Water Availability and Utilization
80
Ground water in 109 m3
70
Over
Exploited
Average
Under
Developed
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Net annual ground water availability
irrigation
Annual ground water draft for
Land use
Sl.
No.
Cropping
Intensity
(%)
%
Irrigated
Area over
net sown
4099
145.9
7.0
1.11
5332
7491
140.5
63.7
0.43
13519
4683
5561
118.7
20.8
1.51
7972
1250
1399
111.9
8.1
NA
5 Odisha
15571
5574
9107
163.4
39.1
1.15
6 Uttar Pradesh
24093
16589
240764
149.3
81.1
0.80
7 West Bengal
8875
5256
9530
181.3
59.2
0.79
8 Punjab
5036
4158
7875
189.4
98.0
3.95
9 Haryana
4421
3550
6351
178.9
86.4
2.23
328726
140022
192197
137.3
47.2
1.23
Geographic
al Area
Net Sown
Area
1 Assam
7844
2811
2 Bihar
9416
State
3 Chhattisgarh
4 Jharkhand
All India
Gross
Cropped
Area
Area in ‘000 hectares
Size of
holding
(in ha)
The productivity levels of rice and rice-based
cropping systems are about the lowest in the
region when compared with that in other states
Rice Yields in 2011-12
4000
3500
3741
3423
3146
3000
2500
3044
2897
2719 2668
2372 2358
2162 2158 2124
2078 2018
2000
1500
1886 1849 1821
1704
1597
1448
1106
1000
500
0
Rice Area affected by different stresses in
eastern India (lakh ha)
Salinity/Sodicity
Flash Flood
prone
Drought
Prone
Coastal
Inland
Assam
8.0
2
Nil
Nil
Bihar
11.0
10
Nil
1.5
Jharkhand
Nil
8.2
Nil
Nil
Chhattisgrah
Nil
27.3
Nil
Nil
Orissa
11.6
12.6
1.5
Nil
U.P
9.3
13.1
Nil
6
West Bengal
10.3
14.6
4.4
Nil
50.2
87.8
5.9
7.5
74
138.2
9.6
20.4
2/3rd
2/3rd
2/3rd
1/3rd
States
Total Region
Total Rice
Rainfed rice production is low and unstable mainly due to abiotic stresses
Strategy
• Promote stress tolerant varieties
– Submergence tolerant
• Swarna-Sub1 : Assam, UP, Bihar, WB, Orissa
• Samba Mahsuri-Sub1 : UP,
• IR 64-Sub1 : UP, Orissa, WB
– Drought tolerant
• Sahbhagi dhan : UP, Bihar, Orissa, Jharkhand and Chhatisgarh
– Salinity tolerant
• CSR-36 : UP & Bihar
• Promote recommended package of practices suitable for
different rice ecologies
–
–
–
–
Upland rice
Rainfed Low land rice
Rainfed Deep water rice
Irrigated rice
Lower Gangetic Plains Region
(WB other than Purulia and hill districts)
Middle Gangetic Plains Region
(Eastern U.P. and Bihar)
Flood/ water logging, poor drainage, Salinity/alkalinity, Arsenic contamination
•
•
•
•
Submergence tolerant varieties
of Rice need to be promoted
Scope for utilizing kharif rice
fallows for cultivation of rabi
pulses and oilseeds
Reduce upland rice areas with
more suitable crops like pulses
and oilseeds
Development
of
on-farm
irrigation resources especially
efficient
use
of
ground
water(except
Arsenic
Prone
areas)
• Increasing the fertilizer use
• Use Leaf colour charts for Nitrogen
and promote PSB
• Taking care of widespread
deficiency of zinc and boron.
• Promotion of short to medium
duration high yielding varieties
and hybrids of rice and maize
• Promotion of maize cultivation
especially in Rabi
• Promotion of early maturing
varieties of sugarcane
• Development of on-farm irrigation
resources especially efficient use
of ground water
Recommendations
Eastern Plateau & Hills Region (Parts
of Orissa, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh)
Moisture stress, drought and Soil acidity,
Iron toxicity
• Promote rainwater harvesting and
storage for increasing crop
productivity
• Promotion of medium duration
High yielding varieties/hybrids
of rice
• Improvement in seed supply so as
to increase the SRR
• Improvement in productivity of
crops in acidic soils through soil
treatment with liming materials
available in the region
East Coast Plains & Hills (Part of
Orissa)
Salinity, Water management, Poor
nutritional status of soil, saline lands
• High yielding varieties for water
logged areas and upland areas
needs to be propagated
• Discouraging the cultivation of rice
in marginal lands and diversifying
in favour of oilseeds and pulses
• Utilization of rice fallows for
increasing the crop area under
pulses and oilseeds
• Rice-fish culture
• Improving soil drainage
Recommendations
Program
2010-11
Broad outline of components
(Numbers)
C
PT
WH WU
2
2
4
2
W. B.
5
14
0
1
Odisha
7
2
1
Chhattisgarh 4
5
8
0
0
Bihar
4
6
0
2
U. P.
3
4
0
0
Assam
2
3
2
0
JH
Total
6
44
8
6
2011-12
•
State
Crops included rice, wheat, maize,
sugarcane, oilseeds & pulses.
C: Number of crops; PT: Production
Technology; WH: Water Harvesting;
WU: Water Utilization; SM: Stress
Management/Soil amelioration.
SM
3
1
0
1
0
1
1
7
Technology promotion in compact
blocks of 1000 hectares – 391
– Rice ecology specific technologies
• Emphasis on line
sowing/transplantation, land
preparation
– Hybrid rice promotion
– Promotion of resource conservation
technologies for wheat crop
– Involvement of Progressive farmers
•
Asset building
– Water source development
• Shallow tube wells – 29,500
• Borewells and dugwells – 9,000
– Water pump sets – 4,200
– Zero till seed drills – 2,000
•
Site specific local needs - 18 % of
funds
Program for 2012-13
Component
Physical Targets
Block Demonstrations
Demonstrations on Rice-1000 ha each (Nos.)
Demonstrations on Wheat-1000 ha each (Nos.)
598.6
112.5
Shallow Tube Wells (Nos.)
Pump sets (Nos.)
Dug wells/Bore wells (Nos.)
Zero Till seed Drills (Nos.)
Check Dams
55266
92357
2130
2267
260
Rice Demonstrations on SRI Technology (Nos.)
Construction of Minor Irrigation Tanks (Nos)
New LBCD for 175 set of BPCD of 2011-12 (Set)
Farm cum Fish Ponds in sub-merged low land (Nos.)
Creation of Community Irrigation Projects (Nos.)
Check Dam/Diversion Weir Irrigation Projects (Nos.)
Irrigation (Water Conveyance) PVC of High Density Polythene Pipe (Nos.)
Drum seeders/Markers (Nos.)
Handholding of last year’s demonstrations (Nos.)
Institutional Support for Establishment of Krishi Utpadan Kendra (Nos.)
Gypsum Application (Ha)
Demonstrations on Line Sowing (Ha
28
92
8
1000
684
10
23766
525
27000
240
4500
72672
Asset Building
Site Specific Activities
Steps initiated by GoI
Preparatory
Detailed
Guidelines
Approval of
Plans in
SLSCs
Release of
Money
Setting up
monitoring
system
Monitoring
teams
Scientists
CRRI
Dedicated cell
in Krishi
Bhawan
IRRI – seed
production
Setting up
communication
channels
Mobilizing
Support
Consolidation
Publicity
Water, Power,
Procurement,
Credit
AERCs
Manual
Letters to CMs,
AMs and MPs
Committee
of CMs
Web site
Meetings by
Secretary in
each State
Rice checks
ISRO for
crop
monitoring
Funds
State
West Bengal
Odisha
Chhattisgarh
Uttar Pradesh (Eastern)
Bihar
Assam
Jharkhand
Total states
M&E
G. Total
2010-11
2011-12
2012-13
Total
102.37
72.2
269 443.57
79.67
62.62
217.25 359.54
67.15
55.21
131.5 253.86
57.27
85.66
105.5 248.43
63.94
55.33
119.25 238.52
17.5
33.32
95.5 146.32
12.1
31.68
59 102.78
1793
400
396.02
997
6.98
0
3.98
3
1800
400
400
1000
Rs in crores
Rice Production
State
Assam
Bihar
Chhattisgarh
Jharkhand
Odisha
Uttar Pradesh (East)
West Bengal
Total for Seven States
2009-10
2010-11
43.36
35.99
41.1
15.38
69.18
54.76
143.41
403.18
47.37
31.02
61.59
11.1
68.28
65.19
130.46
415.01
In lakh tonnes
2011-12 % increase in 201112 over 2009-10
40.09
(-) 7.54
72.01
100.08
60.28
46.67
34.18
122.24
58.15
(-) 15.94
74.35
35.77
148.53
3.57
487.59
20.94
Technical Backstopping
• CRRI, Cuttack
monitoring.
assigned the Nodal responsibility of
– Nomination of Scientist for each BGREI States by CRRI.
• Out of 125 districts, 25 districts of Assam(4), Bihar(1),
Chhattisgarh(6), Jharkhand (3) and Odisha (11) were
covered by CRRI during 2011-12.
– Response from other associated institutions was weak
during the year.
• Organised awareness meetings and State level
workshops
– planning, monitoring, documentation, technical support in
implementation and in organizing crop cutting
experiments etc.
Key feed backs
• Noteworthy initiatives;
•
•
•
•
Bihar and Jharkhand promoted SRI with rice hybrids
Involvement of NGOs for Line transplantation- Odisha and UP
Drum seeders/seed drills in Chhattisgarh and UP
Shallow tube well linked promotion of Boro Rice season in Assam
• Increase in adoption of hybrid rice and submergence/drought tolerant varieties;
• Increased demand for farm machinery- self
propelled reaper/combine harvester etc.
• Demand for marketing, processing and procurement
support
Impact Evaluation
• To assess the efficacy of the programme implemented up to March 2012,
impact evaluation study assigned to Agriculture Economic Research
Centres (AERCs) of BGREI States
• Consolidated report is expected by end November, 2012.
– The report received in respect of Chhattisgarh, Odisha and West Bengal
reveals.
• Comprehensive input package with cluster demonstration resulted
significant increase in productivity of rice,
– which narrowed down the yield gap from 31.81% to 12.67% in Chhattisgarh
and from 24.71% to 19.12% in West Bengal
– Perceived by farmers as one of the best programme in terms of adequacy of
input package and technology dissemination
– Progressive farmers were found most viable links between extension
machinery and beneficiary farmers.
• Problem of marketing and low market price still persists across States
Lessons Learnt for Improvement
• Involve State Agriculture University/KVKs
– Identifying yield gaps and planning key interventions
• Crop monitoring through the crop cycle
– Document the field observations and analyse the results on
what worked and what didn’t
• Ensure field presence
– Converge staff across domains, supplement by NGOs
• Deliver technology and not cash
– Fill gaps in farmers’ practice
– Launch specific campaigns on key interventions
• Integrated services to farmers
– Coordinate with marketing, finance, power, water and revenue
departments through out the crop cycle
Sum up
• Eastern India Initiative has returned
spectacular results in 2011-12 with sharp
increase in crop productivity
• Gap identification by involvement of scientists
would help to better address the constraints
• Committee of Chief Ministers would provide a
forum for coordination across departments
Thank you !