汉语拼音 hànyǔ pīnyīn 1 第一部分 (part 1): 韵母 (vowels) 2 第二部分 (part 2): 声母 (conconant s) 3 第三部分:整体认读音节 whole syllables 4 24个韵母 6个 24 vowels 9个 9个 5 6个单韵母(single vowels) 6 7 How to pronounce a • 发音时,口大开,舌位低、舌头居中央, 唇形呈自然张开状。 • Open your mouth wide, with your tongue in the middle in a low position; the lips are naturally opened. 8 声调(tone) • 阴平(也叫第一声)first tone: 妈 mā • 阳平(也叫第二声)second tone:麻 má • 上声(也叫第三声)third tone: 马 mǎ • 去声(也叫第四声)fourth tone:骂 mà • 轻声short tone:吗 ma • No tone means short tone, the tone changes with the former tone. 9 声调: 一声 二声 三声 四声 10 五度标记法(five step mark) 11 12 13 声母(consonants) 14 15 • 爸爸 bà ba • 妈妈 mā ma • 发达 fā dá • 发芽 fā yá • 砝码fǎ mǎ • 打发dǎ fā • 打岔 • 大妈 • 大厦 • 哪怕 • 喇叭 • 沙发 • 塌啦 dǎ chà dà mā dà shà nǎ pà lǎ ba shā fā tāla 16 17 How to pronounce o • 发音时,口半闭,舌位半高,舌头后缩, 双唇拢圆。 • Half-close your mouth with the tongue in a half-high position; draw back your tongue and make your lips round-shaped. 18 •伯 •婆 •默 •薄 •破 •摩 •没 伯 婆 默 弱 获 托 落 bó pó mò bó pò mó mò bo po mò ruò huò tuo luò 19 声母(consonants) 20 21 22 How to pronounce e • 发音时,在发o的基础上,双唇自然展开, 舌位的前后、高低不变。 • After pronouncing "o", naturally open up your mouth and keep the tongue's position unchanged. 23 practice •得 •合 •各 •客 •特 •隔 •隔 了 格 个 车 色 阂 热 dé hé gè kè tè gé gé le gé gè chē sè hé rè • 这个 • 舍得 zhègè shědě 24 25 How to pronounce i • 发音时,舌位最高,口腔开口度很小,唇 形呈扁平状,舌头前伸使舌尖抵住下齿背 ,双唇展开。 • When pronoucing "i", the tongue is in the highest position, the mouth is slightly opened and the lips are flat-shaped. Stretch forward your tongue, put it against the back of the lower teeth and open up your lips. 26 • 鼻涕 • 笔记 • 比例 • 秘密 • 迷你 bí bǐ bǐ mì mǐ tì jì lì mì nǐ • 地理 • 体力 • 立即 • 立体 • 积极 • 记忆 dì tǐ lì lì jī jì lǐ lì jí tǐ jí yì 27 28 29 How to pronounce u • 发音时,舌位最高,口腔开口度很小,双 唇拢圆,舌头后缩,使舌根接近软腭。 • When pronoucing "u", the tongue is in the highest position and the mouth is slightly opened. Make your lips round-shaped, draw back your tongue and make the tongue root approach the soft palate. 30 practice • 不如 • 瀑布 • 父母 • 服务 • 夫妇 • 土木 • 路途 bù pù fù fú fū tǔ lù rú bù mǔ wù fù mù tú • 初步 chū bù • 出入 chū rù • 粗魯 cū lǔ • 祖母 zǔmǔ • 输入shūrù • 苏木sūmù 31 32 33 34 How to pronounce ü • 发音时,在发i的基础上拢圆双唇即可,舌 的前后高低不变。 • After pronoucing "i", just make your lips round-shaped to pronounce "ü", with the tongue position unchanged. 35 When ü is after j q x y,we don’t write the two dots • 聚居 • 区域 • 屈居 • 趣剧 • 序曲 jù qū qū qù xù jū yù jū jù qǔ • 徐徐 • 渔具 • 语句 • 旅居 • 女婿 xú yú yǔ lǚ nǚ xú jù jù jū xu 36 9个复韵母 9compound vowels 37 āi ái ǎi ài ēi éi ěi èi uī uí uǐ uì 38 w + ai → wai wai w + ei → wei (读音与 ui 相同) wei b + ai → bai pai mai dai tai nai lai gai kai zhai chai shai zai cai sai b + ei → bei pei mei fei dei nei gei zhei shei g + u + ai → guai kuai huai zhuai chuai shuai h + ui → hui (ui = u + ei) dui tui gui kui zhui chui shui rui zui cui sui 39 practice • 再来zàilái • 带坏dàihuài • 开怀kāihuái • 买卖mǎimài • 悲摧bēicuī • 追回zhuīhuí • 匪类fěilèi • 水杯shuǐbēi • 尾椎wěizhuī • 美腿měituǐ • 追尾zhuīwěi • 泪水lèishuǐ • 醉鬼zuìguǐ • 推委tuīwěi 40 āo áo ǎo ào ōu óu ǒu òu iū iú iǔ iù 41 y + ao → yao yao y + ou → you (读音与iu 相 同) you b + ao → bao pao mao dao tao nao lao gao kao hao zhao chao shao rao zao cao sao b + ou → bou pou mou fou dou tou nou lou gou kou hou zhou chou shou rou zou cou sou b + i + ao → biao piao miao diao tiao niao liao jiao qiao xiao m + iu → niu (iu = i + ou) diu niu liu jiu qiu xiu 42 practice • 唠(láo)叨(dao) • 骄(jiāo)傲(ào) • 娇(jiāo)娆(ráo) • 窈(yǎo)窕(tiǎo) • 茅(máo)草(cǎo) • 小(xiǎo)猫(māo) • 抖(dǒu)擞(sǒu) • 由(yóu)头(tóu) • 邮(yóu)购(gòu) • 都(dōu)走(zǒu) • 豆(dòu)蔻(kòu) • 琉(liú)球(qiú) • 丢(diū)牛(niú) • 绣(xiù)球(qiú) 43 • iē ié iě iè • üē üé üě üè • ēr ér ěr èr 44 • • • • Ie ye 读音与ie 相同 Üe yue (读音与üe 相同) b + ie → bie pie mie die tie nie lie jie qie xie • n + üe → nüe • lüe jue xue yue 45 practice • 爹(diē)爹(diē) • 夜(yè)月(yuè) • 劣(liè)铁(tiě) • 聂(niè)耳(ěr) • 打(dǎ)猎(liè) • 悦(yuè)耳(ěr) • 铁(tiě)血(xuè) • 血(xuè)液(yè) • 趄(jū)趔(liè) • 铁(tiě)鞋(xié) • 女(nǚ)儿(ér) 46 9个鼻韵母 9 vowels followed by a nasal consonant 47 ān án ǎn àn ēn én ěn èn īn ín ǐn ìn 48 y + in yin (读音与 in 相同) w + an → wan wan w + en → wen wen b + an → ban pan man fan dan tan nan lan gan kan han zhan chan shan ran zan can san b + en → ben pen men fen nen gen ken hen zhen chen shen ren zen cen sen b + in → bin pin min nin lin jin qin xin d + u + an → duan tuan nuan luan guan kuan huan zhuan chuan shuan ruan 49 zuan cuan suan • • • • • • • d - an → dan t - an → tan n - an → nan gu - an → guan ku - an → kuan hu - an → huan 50 • • • • ju - an → juan qu - an → quan xu - an → xuan yu - an → yuan • 注意,ju qu xu yu 中的 u 都不是 u 而 是 ü;juan quan xuan yuan 中 an 的读 音不是 an,而是有点像 en 的读音。 51 practice • 扁担(biǎndan) • 胆敢(dǎngǎn) • 担担面 • 检验(jiǎnyàn) (dàndànmiàn) • 宽(kuān)严(yán) • 简单(jiǎndān) • 岩盐(yányán) • 千(qiān)担(dān) • 鲜艳(xiānyàn) • 暂缓(zànhuǎn) • 乱(luàn)砍(kǎn) • 延(yán)战(zhàn) • 饭店(fàndiàn) • 产卵(chǎnluǎn) • 但凡(dànfán) 52 • • • • • • zh - en → zhen ch - en → chen sh - en → shen b - in → bin p - in → pin m - in → min 53 en and in practice • 根(gēn)本(běn) • 门(mén)神(shén) • 忿(fèn)懑(mèn) • 纷(fēn)纷(fēn) • 很(hěn)笨(bèn) • 分(fēn)神(shén) • 拼(pīn)音(yīn) • 缤(bīn)纷(fēn) • 贫(pín)民(mín) • 临(lín)汾(fén) • 信(xìn)心(xīn) • 引(yǐn)信(xìn) • 心(xīn)紧(jǐn) 54 • iān ián iǎn iàn • üān üán üǎn üàn • ūn ún ǔn ùn • ǖn ǘn ǚn ǜn 55 ian yan 读音与 ian 相同 un wen 读音与 un 相同 y + üan yuan 读音与 üan 相同 y + ün yun 读音与 ün 相同 b + ian → bian pian mian dian tian nian lian jian qian xian j + üan → juan quan xuan d + un → dun tun lun gun kun hun zhun chun shun run zun cun sun j + un → jun qun xun 56 • • • • ian → yan üan → yuan un → wen ün → yun 57 •边 •偏 •棉 •顛 •天 •年 •连 •间 •千 •先 biān piān mián diān tiān nián lián jiān qiān xiān • üan •捐 •圈 •宣 •渊 juān quān xuān yuān 58 • 连(lián)年 (nián) • 天(tiān)堑 (qiàn) • 田(tián)间 (jiān) • 偏(piān)偏 (piān) • 捐(juān)款 (kuǎn) • 宣(xuān)传 (chuán) • 渊(yuān)源 (yuán) • 圈(quān)圈 (quan) 59 • g - un → gun • c - un → cun • ch - un → chun • 敦 dūn • 吞 tūn • 论 lùn • 棍 gùn • 困 kùn •昏 •准 •春 •顺 •闰 •尊 •村 •孙 •温 hūn zhǔn chūn shùn rùn zūn cūn sūn wēn 60 • j - ün → jun • q - ün → qun • x - ün → xun • 均 jūn • 群 qún • 薰 xūn • 晕 yūn 61 • 如果 • 如果 写成 • 如果 in 前没有声母,写成 yin; un (即 uen) 前没有声母, wen; ün 前沒有声母,写成 yun。 62 practice • 君(jūn)权(quán) • 逡(qūn)巡(xún) • 培(péi)训(xùn) • 军(jūn)人(rén) • 人(rén)群(qún) • 均(jūn)匀(yún) • 混(hùn)沌(dùn) • 昏(hūn)君(jūn) • 婚(hūn)姻(yīn) • 困(kùn)顿(dùn) • 昆(kūn)仑(lún) • 文(wén)存(cún) • 滚(gǔn)滚(gǔn) 63 • āng áng ǎng ǎng • ēng éng ěng èng • Īng íng ǐng ìng • ōng óng ǒng òng 64 y + ang yang w + ang wang w + eng weng y + ing ying y + ong yong 65 b + ang → bang pang mang fang dang tang nang lang gang kang hang zhang chang shang rang zang cang sang b + eng → beng peng meng feng deng teng neng leng geng keng heng zheng cheng sheng reng zeng ceng seng b + ing → bing ping ming ding ting ning ling jing qing xing d + ong → dong tong nong long gong kong hong zhong chong rong zongh cong song n + i + ang → niang liang jiang qiang xiang g + u + ang → guang kuang huang zhuang chuang shuang j + i + ong → jiong qiong xiong 66 ang • 方(fāng)丈 (zhàng) • 阳(yáng)光 (guāng) • 相(xiāng)仿 (fǎng) • 帮(bāng)腔 (qiāng) • 徜(cháng)徉 (yáng) • 踉(liàng)跄 (qiàng) • 苍(cāng)茫 (máng) • 梁(liáng)王 (wáng) • 强(qiáng)档 (dàng) • 皇(huáng)娘 67 eng • 风(fēng)筝 (zhēng) • 更(gèng)冷 (lěng) • 猛(měng)增 (zēng) • 更(gēng)生 (shēng) • 生(shēng)横 (héng) • 丰(fēng)盛 (shèng) • 风(fēng)声 (shēng) • 鹏(péng)程 (chéng) 68 ing • 影(yǐng)评 (píng) • 命(mìng)定 (dìng) • 英(yīng)明 (míng) • 宁(níng)静 (jìng) • 兵(bīng)丁 (dīng) • 叮(dīng)咛 (níng) • 聆(líng)听 (tīng) • 青(qīng)杏 (xìng) 69 ong • 隆(lóng)重 (zhòng) • 隆(lóng)冬 (dōng) • 中(zhōng)控 (kòng) • 从(cóng)众 (zhòng) • 中(zhōng)统 (tǒng) • 冲(chōng)动 (dòng) • 工(gōng)农 (nóng) • 笼(lǒng)统 (tǒng) 70 声调练习(tone practice) • • • • • 中流砥柱 经年累月 光明磊落 官僚主义 叫苦连天 • 刻骨銘心 • 墨守成规 • 逆水行舟 (zhōng liú dǐ zhù) (jīng nián lěi yuè) (guāng míng lěi luò) (guān liáo zhǔ yì) (jiào kǔ lián tiān) (kè gǔ míng xīn) (mò shǒu chéng guī) (nì shuǐ xíng zhōu) 71 • • • • • • • • • • 光明磊落(guāngmínglěiluò) 优柔寡断(yōuróuguǎduàn) 妻离子散(qīlízǐsàn) 山盟海誓(shānménghǎishì) 灯红酒绿(dēnghóngjiǔlǜ) 飞檐走壁(fēiyánzǒubì) 风调雨顺(fēngtiáoyǔshùn) 千锤百炼(qiānchuíbǎiliàn) 山穷水尽(shānqióngshuǐjìn) 心怀叵测(xīnhuáipǒcè) 72 一、四声练习(practice of the first tone and the fourth tone) • 参议院 yuàn) • 办公室 shì) • 半月刊 kān) • 电视机 jī) • 计算机 jī) (cān yì (bàn gōng (bàn yuè (diàn shì (jì suàn • 电话会议 huì yì) • 各就各位 wèi) • 固定汇率 lǜ) • 对症下药 xià yào) (diàn huà (gè jiù gè (gù dìng huì (duì zhèng 73 • • • • • • • • 一、四声练习(practice of the first tone and the fourth tone) 吃吃喝喝 声东击西 居安思危 挖空心思 安家立业 标新立异 必恭必敬 心花怒放 (chī chī hē hē) (shēng dōng jī xī) (jū ān sī wēi) (wā kōng xīn sī) (ān jiā lì yè) (biāo xīn lì yì) (bì gōng bì jìng) (xīn huā nù fàng) 74 轻声练习(practice of no tone) • • • • • • 他的 先生 谁的 婆婆 漂亮 困难 (tā de) (xiān sheng) (shéi de) (pó po) (piào liang) (kùn nan) • • • • 我的 椅子 姐姐 姥姥 (wǒ de) (yǐ zi) (jiě jie) (lǎo lao) 75 一起回顾一下24个韵母 76 a [ᴀ] i [i] u [u] ia [iᴀ] ua [uᴀ] o [ǫ] e [ɤ] ü [y] uo [uǫ] ie [iᴇ] üe [yᴇ] ai [aɪ] uai [uaɪ] ei [eɪ] uei [ueɪ] ao [ɑʊ] iao [iɑʊ] ou [əʊ] iou [iəʊ] an [an] ian [iæn] uan [uan] üan [yæn] en [ən] in [in] uen [uən] ün [yn] ang [ɑŋ] iang [iɑŋ] uang [uɑŋ] eng [ɤŋ] ing [iŋ] ueng [uɤŋ] 77 23个声母 (23 consonants) bpmfdtnl g k h j q x zh ch sh r z c s 78 79 ba bo bi bu pa po pi pu fa fo fu bā bá bǎ bà mā má mǎ mà 80 81 • • • • • d - e → de da ti du t - e → te ta ti tu n - u → nu • • • • • n - ü → nü na ne ni l - u → lu l - ü → lü la le li 82 Practice of N and L • • • • • • 农林 耐劳 努力 浓烈 纳凉 年轮 nóng lín nài láo nǔ lì nóng liè nà liáng nián lún • • • • • • 冷暖 留念 烂泥 岭南 辽宁 列宁 lěng nuǎn liú niàn làn ní lǐng nán Liáo níng Liè níng 83 84 • • • • • • ga ka ha ge ke he gu ku hu g - u - a → gua g - u - o → guo kua hua kuan huan 85 Practice of H and K • • • • • • 海口 寒苦 航空 好客 好看 何苦 hǎi kǒu hán kǔ háng kōng hào kè hǎo kàn hé kǔ • • • • • • • 何况 贺卡 惶恐 回扣 汇款 会客 火坑 hé kuàng hè kǎ huáng kǒng huí kòu huì kuǎn huì kè huǒ kēng 86 Practice of H and K • 开航 • 开户 • 开花 • 开怀 • 看好 • 看护 kāi kāi kāi kāi kàn kān háng hù huā huái hǎo hù • • • • • • • 抗衡 考核 科幻 客戶 恐嚇 宽宏 亏耗 kàng héng kǎo hé kē huàn kè hù kǒng hè kuān hóng kuī hào 87 88 How to pronounce j • 发音时,舌面前部向上向前,抵住硬腭前 部,舌尖下垂,较弱的气流突破阻碍形成 窄缝,并从中挤出而发声。 • Move upward and forward the front part of your tongue surface and put it against the front hard palate, then hang down the tip of your tongue, make weaker breath break through the obstruction and form a narrow chink from which the breath will be squeezed out. 89 How to pronounce q • 发音的情况同j基本相同,只是从窄缝挤出 的气流较强。 • The pronunciation method is more or less the same with "j", with stronger breath squeezed out of the chink. 90 How to pronounce x • 发音时,舌面前部向上向前,接近硬腭前 部,中间留有窄缝,气流从窄缝中挤出而 发声。 • Move upward and forward the front part of your tongue surface and make it approach the front hard palate, with a narrow chink left; pronounce with the breath squeezing out from the chink. 91 • • • • • • j - i → ji q - i → qi x - i → xi j - i - a → jia q - i - a → qia x - i - a → xia • j ü → ju • q ü → qu • x ü → xu 92 93 How to pronounce z • 发音时,舌尖向前平伸,抵住上齿背,较 弱的气流突破阻碍形成窄缝,并从中挤出 而发声。 • Stretch forward the tip of your tongue and put it against the back of the upper teeth; then make weaker breath break through the obstruction and form a narrow chink from which the breath will be squeezed out. 94 How to pronounce c • 发音的情况同z基本相同,只是从窄缝中挤 出的气流较强。 • The pronunciation method is more or less the same with "Z", with stronger breath squeezing out of the chink. 95 How to pronounce s • 发音时,舌尖向前平伸,接近上齿背,中 间留有窄缝,气流从窄缝中挤出而发声。 • Stretch forward the tip of your tongue and make it approach the back of the upper teeth, with a narrow chink left; pronounce with the breath squeezing out from the chink. 96 spell zī zí zǐ zì za ze zu zuo ca ce cu cuo sa se su suo 97 98 How to pronounce zh • 发音时,舌尖上翘抵住硬腭前部,较弱的 气流突破阻碍形成窄缝,并从中挤出而发 声。 • Move upwards the tip of your tongue and put it against the front hard palate; then make weaker breath break through the obstruction and form a narrow chink from which the breath will be squeezed out. 99 How to pronounce ch • 发音的情况同zh基本相同,只是从窄缝中 挤出的气流较强。 • The pronunciation method is more or less the same with "zh", with stronger breath squeezing out from the chink. 100 How to pronounce sh • 发音时,舌尖上翘接近硬腭前部,中间留 有窄缝,气流从窄缝中挤出而发声。 • Move upward the tip of your tongue and make it approach the front hard palate, with a narrow chink left; pronounce with the breath squeezing out from the chink. 101 How to pronounce r • 发音的情况同sh基本相同,只是声带颤动。 • The pronunciation method is more or less the same as "sh" except for the vocal cords vibration. 102 • • • • • • • zh zhi ch chi sh shi zh - a → zha zha zhe zhu zhua cha che chu chuo sha she shu shuo r - e → re ru ruo 103 Practice of J and ZH jǐ tiáo 几条 jí dù 嫉 妒 jī xīn 鸡 心 zá jì 杂 技 shēng jí 升 級 zǔ jī 阻 击 bù jí 不 急 zhǐ tiáo 纸 条 zhì dù 制 度 zhī xīn 知 心 zá zhì 杂 志 shēng zhí 生 殖 zǔ zhī 组 织 bù zhí 不 值 104 Practice of Q and CH qí zi chí zi 旗 子 池 子 bái qī bái chī 白 漆 白 痴 105 Practice of X and SH xī qì 吸 气 xī shēng 牺 牲 xī fàn 稀 饭 xì cí 戏 词 yù xí 预 习 shī qì 湿 气 shī shēng 师 生 shī fàn 师 范 shì cí 誓 词 yù shí 玉 石 106 Practice of Z and ZH zhǎo zé 沼泽 zhǔ zǎi 主宰 zhèng zài 正在 zhù zi 柱子 zhǐ zé 指责 zhù zuò 著作 zhì zào 制造 zhuǎ zi 爪子 zhì zuò 制作 zhuān àn 专案 zhǒng zú 种族 zhuāng zài 裝载 zhū zi 珠子 zhuō zi 桌子 107 Practice of C and CH chī cù 吃醋 cái chǎn 财产 chǐ cun 尺寸 cǎi chǎng 采场 chóu cuò 筹措 cāo chǎng 操场 cí chǎng 磁场 cù chéng 促成 chǔ cáng shì 储藏室 chǔ cáng 储藏 cún chē chù 存车处 chǔ cún 储存 cún chǔ 存储 chuǎi cè 揣测 cǐ chù 此处 chún cuì 纯粹 108 Practice of S and SH shàng si 上司 shàng sù 上诉 shēn sī 深思 shēn sù 申诉 shēn suō 伸缩 shèn sè shéng suǒ shí suì 渗色 shí sān 十三 绳索 十岁 sān shí sì sān shí sǎn shè sì shí sōng shǔ sōng shù sù shè sù shí sù shuō 三十四 三十 散射 四十 松鼠 松树 宿舍 素食 诉说 109 Practice of Z C S • 擦澡 cā zǎo 猜测 cāi cè 才思 cái sī • 才子 cái zǐ 彩色 cǎi sè 彩 塑 cǎi sù • 采择 cǎi zé 菜色 cài sè 菜 子 cài zǐ • 参赛 cān sài 参赞 cān zàn 参 差 cēn cī • 参错 cēn cuò 惭色 cán sè 惭怍 cán 110 zuò 111 • yī yí yǐ yì • wū wú wǔ wù • yū yú yǔ yù • yā yá yǎ yà • wā wá wǎ wà • wō wó wǒ wò 112 Syllable with Y and W • yi ya ye yao you yan yin yang ying yong yu yue yuan yun wu • wa wo wai wei wan wen wang weng 113 review 114 b [p] d [t] g [k] p [pʻ] t [tʻ] k [kʻ] zh [tʂ] z [ts] c [tsʻ] m [m] j [tɕ] ch [tʂʻ] q [tɕʻ] ng [ŋ] n [n] l [l] f [f] s [s] sh [ʂ] r [ʐ] x [ɕ] h [x] 115 These syllables are always read together zhi chi shi ri zi ci si yi wu yu ye yue yin yun yuan ying 116 117 practice • 直(zhí)尺(chǐ) • 手(shǒu)指(zhǐ) • 只(zhǐ)是(shì) • 指(zhǐ)示(shì) • 此(cǐ)致(zhì) • 支(zhī)持(chí) • 矢(shǐ)志(zhì) • 自(zì)持(chí) • 狮(shī)子(zi) • 此(cǐ)日(rì) • 诗(shī)词(cí) • 知(zhī)识(shi) • 纸(zhǐ)质(zhì) • 丝(sī)织(zhī) • 值(zhí)日(rì) 118 119 practice • • 医(yī )德 • (dé) • • 依(yī )恋 (liàn) • • 美(měi)意(yì • ) • 美(měi)仪(yí ) 五(wǔ)体(tǐ)投(tóu)地(dì) 五(wǔ)马(mǎ)分(fēn)尸(shī) 武(wǔ)林(lín)中(zhōng)外 (wài) 武(wǔ)侠(xiá)小(xiǎo)说 (shuō) 无(wú)端(duān)生(shēng)事 (shì) 120 practice • 泪(lèi)如(rú)雨(yǔ)下(xià) • 鱼(yú)水(shuǐ)之(zhī)情(qíng) • 迂(yū)回(huí)婉(wǎn)转(zhuǎn) • 百(bǎi)年(nián)一(yí)遇(yù) • 叶(yè)公(gōng)好(hào)龙(lóng) • 夜(yè)夜(yè)笙(shēng)歌(gē) • 野(yě)火(huǒ)春(chūn)风(fēng) • 月(yuè)明(míng)星(xīng)稀(xī) 121 practice • • • • • • • 因(yīn)小(xiǎo)失(shī)大(dà) 云(yún)开(kāi)雾(wù)散(sàn) 缘(yuán)分(fèn)未(wèi)尽(jìn) 英(yīng)雄(xióng)末(mò)路(lù) 怨(yuàn)声(shēng)载(zài)道(dào) 蝇(yíng)营(yíng)狗(gǒu)苟(gǒu) 冤(yuān)家(jiā)路(lù)窄(zhǎi) 122 review 123 标声调的规则: 1、声调标在韵母上; 2、 ɑ o e i u ü想戴帽, i u ü在前面不能要; 3、小ü小ü有礼貌,见了j q x y要脱帽。 124 三声变调(the changing rules of third tone) • 1.In a syllable, when the third tone is before the 1st, 2nd, 4th tone and short tone, only pronounce the first half. 214 becomes 21. • wǎnshang • shuǐpíng • shěngyáng lǎoshī chǎngdì liǎnmiàn huǒji zhǎnggāo zhǐbēi 125 • 2. In one syllable, when a 3rd tone is before a 3rd tone, it becomes the 2nd tone. • 稿(gǎo)纸(zhǐ)读作gáozhǐ • 早(zǎo)点(diǎn)读作záodiǎn • 鼓(gǔ)掌(zhǎng)读作gúzhǎng • nǐhǎo • shuǐjiǎo lǐngdǎo xiǎnbǎi xǐliǎn luǒtǐ guǎngchǎng jiǔchǎng 126 “一”的变调(the changing principle of “一”) • 1.When “一” appears alone ,at the end, as a ordinal mumber, pronunciation is “yī ”. • 一、二、三、四 yīèrsānsì • 二十一 èrshíyī • 一班 yībān • 初一chūyī 127 • 2. when “一” is before the 4th tone, it’s pronunciation becomes the 2nd tone “yí”. • 一(yí )样(yàng) • 一(yí )下(xià)子(zi) • 一(yí )座(zuò) • 一( yí )位(wèi) • 一(yí )次(cì) • 一(yí )块(kuài)儿(er) 128 • 3.When “一” is before the 1st, 2nd, 3rd tone, the pronunciation becomes the 4th tone “yì” • 大(dà)吃(chī)一(yì )惊(jīng) • 一(yì )般(bān) • 一(yì )年(nián) • 一(yì )门(mén) • 一(yì )口(kǒu) • 一(yì )起(qǐ) • 一(yì )种(zhǒng) 129 • 4.When “一” is between two verbs and the two verbs are the same, it is pronounced as short tone. • 试(shì)一(yi)试(shì) • 想(xiǎng)一(yi)想(xiǎng) • 看(kàn)一(yi)看(kàn) 130 “不”的变调(the changing principle of “不”) • 1. when “不” is single or before the 1st, 2nd,3rd tone, its pronunciation is the 4th tone “bù”. • 不(bù) 不 (bù)高(gāo) • 不(bù)知(zhī)道(dào) 不(bù)同 (tóng) • 不(bù)习(xí)惯(guàn) (nǐ)说(shuō) • 不(bù)少(shǎo) • 不(bù)满(mǎn)意(yì) 不(bù)瞒(mán)你 不(bù)好(hǎo) 131 • 2.When it is before the 4th tone, it is read as the 2nd tone “bú” . • 不(bú)要(yào) • 不(bú)错(cuò) • 不(bú)是(shì) • 不(bú)再(zài) • 不(bù)认(rèn)识(shi) 132 • 3. When it is in the middle of a three word structure, it is read as a short tone. • 起(qǐ)不(bu)来(lái) • 说(shuō)不(bu)定(dìng) • 用(yòng)不(bu)着(zháo) • 差(chà)不(bu)多(duō) • 等(děng)不(bu)及(jí) • 能(néng)不(bu)能(néng) • 会(huì)不(bu)会(huì) • 贵(guì)不(bu)贵(guì) • 认(rèn)识(shi)不(bu)认(rèn)识(shi) 133