Sprayfo and cow’s milk
Content
Cow’s milk on dairy farm
Feeding cow’s milk to rearing calves
Cow’s milk  Calf Milk Replacer
Management of rest milk
Conclusions
Cow’s milk on a dairy farm
Cow’s milk is produced for delivery to milk processing industry
Sales of cow’s milk = basic income for dairy farm
Cow’s milk of first 2-3 days after calving is undeliverable
Milk of cows treated with antibiotics is undeliverable
Undeliverable milk = rest milk
Farmers prefer not to dump rest milk
Feeding cow’s milk to calves seems easy and cheap
Feeding cow’s milk to rearing calves
Advantages of cow’s milk
Cow’s milk tastes good, is well-accepted by calves
 high intake of cow’s milk slows down intake of concentrates
Cow’s milk is easy to supply
 correct execution means more manual work
Calves on cow’s milk look good
 Only optical:because of shine (high fat) and filling (rennet)
Dumping rest milk is financial loss
 is correct, but can be approached differently:
Better management of rest milk (later)
Disadvantages of cow’s milk
Cow’s milk may contain harmful pathogens
 Transmission of Para-tbc on other threats
Penicillin milk contains antibiotics
 Create resistance of dairy cows against penicillin
Cow’s milk is too fat
 slows down rumen development, insufficient growth after weaning
Cow’s milk is low in vitamins and trace elements
 More anemia and weaker bone structure
Creative with cow’s milk?
Too much fat  dilute milk with water
consequence: less vitamins and trace elements
Too much fat  skim the cream off the whole milk
consequence: less fat-soluble vitamins
Labour involved = too much manual work on large farms
Simple calculation:
For feeding 50 calves = transport 15,000 litres of cow milk
= poor 80 bags of calf milk replacer in
an automatic drinking machine
Cow’s milk compared to calf milk replacer
Cow’s milk is variable
Dry matter %
Norm
Variation on
cow milk
12.5
+ or - 20%
Function
Protien
% in DM
26
+ or - 15%
Growth
Fat
% in DM
32
+ or - 25%
Energy
Lactose
% in DM
34
+ or - 15%
Energy
Variable nutrients  variable growth  more diarrhoea
Source: Sloten 2010
Cow’s milk is not balanced
Daily
whole milk
Sprayfo
requirement (5 liters/day) (6 liters/day)
Function
Nutrients
protein (gram)
160
165
161
Building blocks for growth
fat (gram)
125
201
128
Energy source
14000
6250
30000
Mucosa / eyes
vitamin D3 (IE)
825
250
3750
Bone composition
vitamin E (mg)
150
38
225
Anti-oxidant, immune system
vitamin C (mg)
35
50
120
Anti-oxidant
vitamin B1 (mg)
3,5
1,9
5
Sugar metabolism, nerves
0,25
0,03
0,30
Anti-oxidant, immune system
70
5,6
75
Oxygen transport
6
1,3
8
Oxygen transport, enzyme activator
30
0,6
38
Enzyme activator
Vitamins
vitamin A (IE)
Trace minerals
Selenium (mg)
Iron (mg)
Copper (mg)
Manganese (mg)
Calves on cow’s milk low in iron
182 bull calves to trial farm Sloten in 2009
Age at arrival: over 2 weeks
At arrival all calves tested on Hb value (standard)
Bull calves most fed with cow’s milk
Minimum – reference Hb value is 10.5 mg / 100 ml
Average Hb value is 8.8  TOO LOW !
• 20%
meets standard > 10.5
• 46%
too low
8 – 10.5
• 34%
critically low
<8
Cow’s milk results in anaemia!
Verdeling
startkalveren
Spread
of Hb-waarde
Hb value inbij
starting
calves
25
46%
Too
low !
20% above
norm
34%
critic
al
low !
15
10
5
Hb-waarde
Hb value
14
13
,5
13
12
,5
12
11
,5
11
10
,5
10
9,
5
9
8,
5
8
7,
5
7
6,
5
6
5,
5
5
0
4,
5
of calves
number
aantal kalveren
20
Trial on feeding cow’s milk
Not
pasteurised
cow’s milk
Calf milk
replacer
Milk intake (g DM/day)
475
475
Intake concentrates (g DM/day)
410
450 (+10%)
Growth up to day 42 (g/day)
481
531 (+10%)
Feed efficiency;
Gram growth per kg of total feed
240
272 (+13%)
Milk fed to calves as:
Source: Hill et al., 2007
Watch out with feeding too much milk
Milk only  Low concentrate intake  Bad rumen development
Management of rest milk
Feed rest milk to calves for sale
Rest Milk Management Module
Number of dairy cows
100
Milkproduction first 2 days
40
Penicillin milk (Days/year)
0
Avarage daily milkproduktion
Amount of rest milk per year
30
4000
Female calves for rearing
40%
Female calves for sales
10%
Male calves for sales
50%
head
liter
days
liter
liter
of rest milk
12
liter
Whole milk feeding first 2 weeks
60
liter
480
liter
3000
liter
Feeding rearing calves for sales
600
liter
Remaining amount of rest milk
-80
liter
Feeding male calves first 2 weeks
In theory, a farmer
does not have a surplus
Colostrum supply first 3 days
Feeding rearing calves first 3 days
Conclusion:
Too much rest milk? Different challenge!
Rest Milk Management Module
Number of dairy cows
100
Milkproduction first 2 days
40
Penicillin milk (Days/year)
3
Avarage daily milkproduktion
Amount of rest milk per year
30
13000
Female calves for rearing
40%
Female calves for sales
10%
Male calves for sales
50%
head
liter
days
liter
liter
has a different challenge
12
liter
Whole milk feeding first 2 weeks
60
liter
480
liter
3000
liter
600
liter
Feeding male calves first 2 weeks
Feeding rearing calves for sales
Remaining amount of rest milk
8920
Farmer with
too much rest milk
Colostrum supply first 3 days
Feeding rearing calves first 3 days
Conclusion:
liter
Conclusions
Sprayfo made for calf rearing
Cow’s milk
Sprayfo
Prevents transmission of diseases
No
Yes
Stimulates intake of concentrates
Low
High
Level of vitamins & trace elements
Too low
Perfect!
Nutrient composition
Variable
Very constant
Moderate
Good
Feed calves with:
Effect on farm profit
(with feeding rearing calves)
Sprayfo better for calf rearing
Safer
• constant composition, less chance of diarrhoea
• with Safety Packege and/or specific antibodies
Healthier
• added iron and vitamins
• composition enhances intake concentrates
• less transmission of diseases (such as Para-tbc)
Simpler
• to feed calves irrespective of milking time
• especially in case of automatic feeding
• less diarrhoea problems
 AND a higher profit per dairy cow!
Sprayfo brings higher profit
Cost price per litre Sprayfo is lower than 20 cents
Sales price per litre cow’s milk is more than 25 cents
In short:
 Sell cow’s milk for highest profit
 Including package of advantages:
growth, health, durability and
milk production in future
Sprayfo Growth Champion – Your future