Lamb efficiency – a bucket of worms or a bucket of bait? Nick Linden Dept of Primary Industries, Rutherglen, Victoria Outline • 1) Background and methods • 2) On-farm factors – Growth path (pre-weaning restriction) – Weaning weight and age at finishing • 3) Can we improve efficiency - benefits/risks? Acknowledgements • • • • Dr Alex Ball – MLA Tom Bull - Lambpro Dr Daniel Brown – AGBU Dr Graham Gardner – Murdoch Uni/Sheep CRC Lamb or lederhosen, profit is still profit… Profit = kg’s sold x (Unit price – Cost Of Prod.) C.O.P driven by business efficiency Inputs Outputs Variation in feed conversion 20 15 kg's gain 10 5 0 -5 0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 -10 -15 kg's intake 80.0 100.0 My starting point Measuring feed intake Temp and humidity every 15 mins Impact of a pre-weaning restriction Finishing 36.5 16 13.2 Birth to weaning 29.2 Backgrounding Impact of a pre weaning restriction Finishing 47 36.5 40 16 13.2 Birth to weaning 29.2 Backgrounding Impact of a pre weaning restriction Finishing 55, FCR 7.4 47 49, FCR 7.8 36.5 40 16 13.2 Birth to weaning 29.2 Backgrounding Pre-weaning restriction – older lambs Finishing 48 42 Birth to weaning Backgrounding 53, FCR 16 47, FCR 17.2 Weaning weight v’s age at finishing Light (24-27kg) 21 weeks 29 weeks 38 weeks Medium (28-31kg) Heavy (32-35kg) Wt gain - three weaning wt and ages 0.31 21 weeks 29 weeks 38 weeks 0.29 Daily wt gain (kg) 0.27 0.25 0.23 0.21 0.19 0.17 0.15 Light Medium Heavy Feed intake - three weaning wt and ages 1.8 1.7 21 weeks 29 weeks 38 weeks Daily feed inake (kg) 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1 0.9 Light Medium Heavy FCR - three weaning wt and ages 8 21 weeks 29 weeks 38 weeks Feed Conversion Ratio (x:1) 7.5 7 6.5 6 5.5 5 4.5 4 Light Medium Heavy FCR – sex at 3 ages 8 Feed Conversion Ratio (x:1) 7.5 Ewes Wethers 7 6.5 6 5.5 5 4.5 4 21 weeks 29 weeks 38 weeks What does it mean for industry • Most efficient lambs put on 1kg live weight for every 3 kg of feed consumed. – Cost to finish $6.39 • Least efficient lambs eat 15+kg of feed, for every 1kg of live weight gain. – Cost to finish in the order of $30.00 (in feed costs alone) • Variation between sire groups for FCR ranged from 5.17 to 8.81, average for all lambs, 7.09:1 ITS WORTH DOING SOMETHING ABOUT IT!!!!! How can we capture benefits? • Correlations of 0.8 and 0.4 – genomic breeding values v’s milk yield and v’s feed efficiency traits. • We know what pigs and poultry have achieved. • If feeding lambs at home, there are tools. Industry implications • Restricted growth through to weaning does not compromise the efficiency of lambs when it comes time to finish them. – Lambs that are light at weaning can still be finished in a cost effective manner, HOWEVER if carrying lambs over, beware of lambs that were already heavy. • Lambs that are light at weaning do have a bigger ‘window’ for finishing – still efficient at older ages. • Inefficiency driven by two things – poor weight gains and they still consume a heap of feed (lambs that are heavy at weaning, but hung onto too long!) • Feeding lambs at the ‘right’ stage of maturity appears to be critical to profitable outcomes – don’t try and turn them into something they shouldn’t be! We love our lamb! Pre-weaning restriction - 40kg 600 Finishing Live weight 30 mths 400 200 Pre-weaning Grow-out - 35kg 220 - 70kg • • • • some compensation during backgrounding similar feedlot growth performance calves don’t catch up in weight no adverse effect on composition Age Low birth weight 600 Finishing - 55kg Live weight 30 mths 400 200 Pre-weaning Birth - 10kg Grow-out - 25kg • • • • • Age - 40kg slower growth to weaning no compensation during backgrounding reduced feedlot performance calves don’t catch up in weight no adverse effect on composition