There is no single “recipe” for competitiveness. Various
policies can be benchmarked, and then each individual
country needs to adapt them to their own environment.
Competitiveness strategies succeed when they balance the
economic imperatives imposed by world markets with the
social requirements of a nation formed by history, value
systems, and tradition.
Self
Educ.
SC.
Educ.
Research
Environ
Econ.
Social
McNamara: former Secretary of Defense, USA
“National Security is Development”
I prefer: National Security is Competitiveness
Global Competitiveness Index
118
107
94
81
81
70
Egypt
Malaysia
21
24
26
21
25
24
Y08 - Y09 - Y10 - Y11 - Y12 - Y13 Y09
Y10
Y11
Y12
Y13
Y14
GC Report
Global Competiveness Index
107
118
94
81
81
70
Egypt
26
24
21
21
25
24
Y08 - Y09 Y09 - Y10 Y10 - Y11 Y11 - Y12 Y12 - Y13 Y13 - Y14
Ranking Based on
Collaboration Between
Universities and Industry
Malaysia: 16 - 18
Ranking Based on Innovation Pillar109
120
103
Egypt
83
74
67
Malysia
22
24
24
24
25
25
Y08 - Y09 Y09 - Y10 Y10 - Y11 Y11 - Y12 Y12 - Y13 Y13 - Y14
Egypt: 128 - 133