Sistem pangan dan gizi
Subsistem
Produksi
Distribusi
Subsistem
Ketersediaan
Subsistem
Konsumsi
KETAHANAN
PANGAN
Lingkungan :
-Fisik
-Budaya
-Ekonomi
-(dayabeli)
Perilaku
2
1
Status gizi
masyarakat
Fasilitas
yankes
3
4
Genetik
Lahan
luas & kesuburan
Kebutuhan
permintaan
Subsistem
produksi
Harga
Penerapan teknologi
Sub Sistem ketersediaan pangan
produksi
Impor/
masuk
Daya
beli
Ketersediaan
Tk. wilayah
Ekspor/
keluar
Lapangan
Kerja di luar
pertanian
Ketersediaan
Di Rmt
Distrib.
Makanan
Dlm rmt
Status
Gizi
Subsistem konsumsi
Lingkungan
Fisik & Bud.
Daya
beli
Ketersediaan
Pangan dlm rmt
Kesehatan
individu
Konsumsi
individu
Distrib.
Dlm rmt
Status gizi
Klp. rawan
Bawon,
Alih fungsi lahan
produksi
Kemiskinan
19,15%
Daya
beli
impor
Ketersediaan
Pangan dlm
Wilayah :
Nikah dini 21%
SDM
Pendidikan
D/S” 73,6%
Diare : 49,04 %
TB paru: 6,2%
DBD : 9,88 %
Ketersediaan
Pangan dlm rmt
KEP
10,4 %
(11558)
AKG:
61,5 %
ekpor
Akar masalah
Sebab tak langsung
Sebab langsung
KRISIS
MULTI
DIMENSI
KEMISKINAN
19,15 %
KURANG
PENDIDKAN
PENGETAHUAN
KETRAMPILAN
POKOK
MASALAH
PERSEDIAAN
PANGAN
TAK CUKUP
POLA
ASUH
MAKAN
TAK SEIMBANG
DIARE :2,87 %
AIR BERSIH
SANITASI &
YAN. KES DAS
KEP
9,8
Gizi
Brk
0,7
S
D
M
Keturunan
(Kependudukan,Jumlah,
Distribusi, Angka
pertumbuhan, Genetik)
Lingkungan
Kesehatan
STATUS
KESEHATAN
(Sosio-Budaya,
Pendidikan, Pekerjaan,
Politik)
Perilaku
Masyarakat
Pelayanan
Kesehatan
(Preventive,
Curative,
Rehabilitative,
Promotive)
Keturunan
(Kependudukan,Jumlah
penduduk, Distribusi penduduk,
Angka pertumbuhan, Struktur
piramida, Genetik)
STATUS GIZI MASYARAKAT
PERSPEKTIF PEMBANGUNAN DAN
EKOLOGI
Terminologi : “ Hubungan Ekologi, Pangan dan Gizi”
Kasus 1 : Masalah Gizi pada keluarga Nelayan
Pengambilan ikan dengan bahan peledak  akibat
karang rusak, plankton mati, ikan berkurang.
Ikan kurang  Produktivitas rendah  Pendapatan
Rendah  Ketersedian Makanan rendah  Juml
anak banyak  Asupan gizi kurang
Masalah Gizi Kurang meningkat
Environment ?
(Lingkungan)
“ Circumtances, object or
condition by which in surrounded”
The complex of physical, chemical and
biotic factors that act upon organism or an
ecologogical community that ultimately
determinant its form and survival
The process of organizing and allocating resources
(renewable and unrenewable) with the goal of
monitoring and enhancing existing long term / run
productivity of natural system
Sustainability
Natural
Resources
Productivity
Equity
Source : World Bank
As the result ?
Human being very well, if we can
optimalize to the use of natural
resources
Food & Nutrition
Planning
Environmental
Management
Kegagalan
produksi
SANGAT
DINI
Persediaan
pangan di masy.
berkurang
Krisis
Ekonomi
DINI
Persediaan Makanan
tingkat RT berkurang
Pendapatan
berkurang
TERLAM
BAT
Asupan Gizi
berkurang
Daya beli
berkurang
PREVENTIF
KURANG GIZI
KURATIF
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY
AND NATIONAL/REGIONAL FOOD SECURTY (DKP, 2002)
Regional
Food
Production
Community Food
Stock
Food Trading:
•Between region
•Between countries
Availability in
the Market
Food Stocks:
•Between region
•Between countries
FOOD AID
Household Food Stock
Household
HH Food Production
(on-farm)
Food Security
HH Income
Other income sources
(off-farm & non-farm)
Food vulnerability
With or without
hunger and undernutrition
II. DETERMINANT OF HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY
Employment,
Wages
Remittances,
Rural/Urban
Transfers
Income and
Resources
of Households
Household expenditure
on non foods
Household
Time
PRICES
(FOOD)
Household Expenditure on Food
Food Consumption
(HH and Individual
Nutritional Status
(Individual
Policies & Program
II. POLICY AND PROGRAM
PRICES
(FOOD)
Employment,
Wages
Remittances,
Rural/Urban
Transfers
Household
Time
Source:Von Braun, et al (93)
Employment Programs
Income and
Resources
of Households
Household expenditure
on non foods
Macroeconomic Policy
(Trade, exchange rate,
Fiscal, agriculture, etc)
Income Generation
(on & of farm activities)
Household Expenditure on Food
Food Related
Transfer (Food
Stamp, etc
Food Consumption
(HH and Individual
Supplementary
Feeding
Nutritional Status
(Individual
Health and
Sanitation Services
KEPENDUDUKAN & STATUS
GIZI
1. Jumlah penduduk besar merupakan asset nasional
sangat berharga
2. Pertumbuhan penduduk tinggi  akan
mempengaruhi jumlah, struktur piramida penduduk,
jenis penyakit dan pelayannnya
3. Pada bagian lain perlu penyiapan berbagai fasilitas
& sarana untuk tumbuh kembang, pendidikan,
lapangan kerja, kebutuhan pangan + gizi tinggi
4. Distribusi pangan yang tidak merata  gangguan
jumlah + kualitas asupan gizi
5. Perubahan asupan zat gizi  manifestasi klinis &
sub klinis
Terima
Kasih