IRC - Codes Report
Energy Efficiency in Housing and Small Buildings
May 27th 2011
Building Envelope
• Outline
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Progress & Schedule
Objectives, Functional Statements
Application
Building Envelope Requirements
• Insulation Requirements
– Nominal vs Effective
– Introduction to Appendix Information
– Simple Trade-Off
– Validation
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Progress
• Since November 2010,
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the Joint Task Group has held 3 meetings
and its sub-task groups have held over 30+ meetings
5 teleconferences of the Executive Committee,
1 meeting of the Commission.
• Developing 80 new pages of code
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Proposed Project Schedule
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SCEEB meeting
SCH meeting
May.5 – 6, 2011
May.25 – 26, 2011
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1. batch of PCFs to E&T
May.31, 2011 (Appendices)
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Optional JTG-EEHSB
Jun.16 – Jun.30, 2011
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2. batch of PCFs to E&T
Jun.30, 2011 (Prescriptive)
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3. batch of PCFs to E&T
Jul.30, 2011 (Performance)
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SC-HSB and SC-EEB
Aug.15 – Sep.9, 2011
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Pre-Public Review
Sep.12 – Oct.7, 2011
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Resolution of Comments (EC)
Oct.10 – Oct.12, 2011
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2011 Public Review
Oct.24 – Dec.16, 2011
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Sub task group meetings
Jan.4 – Jan.24, 2012
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Joint Task group meeting
Feb.3 – Feb.7, 2012
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SCEEB meeting
SCH meeting
Feb.15, 2012
Feb.24, 2012
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Post-Public Review
Mar.2 – Mar.31, 2012
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CCBFC meeting to approve
Apr 20 – Apr.23, 2012 (no ballot)
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CCC staff review of draft
Jun.27 – Jul.12, 2012
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Publish Interim Changes
Dec.20, 2012
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Objectives
• OE Environment
– An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result
of the design or construction of the building, the environment will
be affected in an unacceptable manner.
– OE1 Resources
• An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of
the design or construction of the building, resources will be used in a
manner that will have an unacceptable effect on the environment.
The risks of unacceptable effect on the environment due to use of
resources addressed in this Code are those caused by –
– OE1.1 excessive use of energy
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Functional Statements
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NECB
F90 to limit the amount of uncontrolled air leakage through the building envelope
F91 to limit the amount of uncontrolled air leakage through the system components
F92 to limit the amount of uncontrolled thermal transfer through the building envelope
F93 to limit the amount of uncontrolled thermal transfer through the system
components
F94 to limit the unnecessary energy demand and/or consumption of energy for lighting
F95 to limit the unnecessary energy demand and/or consumption of energy for heating
and cooling
F96 to limit the unnecessary energy demand and/or consumption of energy for service
water heating
F97 to limit the unnecessary energy demand and/or consumption of energy of
electrical equipment and devices
F98 to limit the inefficiency of equipment
F99 to limit the inefficiency of systems
F100 to limit the unnecessary rejection of reusable waste energy
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Functional Statements
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NBC Part 9
F90 to limit the amount of uncontrolled air leakage through the building envelope
F91 to limit the amount of uncontrolled air leakage through the system components
F92 to limit the amount of uncontrolled thermal transfer through the building envelope
F93 to limit the amount of uncontrolled thermal transfer through the system
components
F94 to limit the unnecessary energy demand and/or consumption of energy for lighting
F95 to limit the unnecessary energy demand and/or consumption of energy for heating
and cooling
F96 to limit the unnecessary energy demand and/or consumption of energy for service
water heating
F97 to limit the unnecessary energy demand and/or consumption of energy of
electrical equipment and devices
F98 to limit the inefficiency of equipment
F99 to limit the inefficiency of systems
F100 to limit the unnecessary rejection of reusable waste energy
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Scope and Application
NECB
• Small non-residential bldgs:
– Less than 3000sqft floor area
– Applicable to occupancies D, E and possibly F3
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Building Envelope
– Scope and Application
– Determination of Thermal Characteristics
– Calculation of
• Areas of Wall and Fenestration
• Effective Thermal Resistance of Materials, Components and Assemblies
– Continuity of Insulation
– Required Thermal Characteristics of
• Opaque Assemblies Above and Not in Contact with Ground
• Windows, Doors and Skylights
• Building Assemblies Below or in Contact With the Ground
– Required Level of Airtightness
– Construction of Air Barrier Details
– Simple Trade-offs for Above-ground Components of the Building Envelope
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Building Envelope
– Scope and Application
– Determination of Thermal Characteristics
– Calculation of
• Areas of Wall and Fenestration
• Effective Thermal Resistance of Materials, Components and Assemblies
– Continuity of Insulation
– Required Thermal Characteristics of
• Opaque Assemblies Above and Not in Contact with Ground
• Windows, Doors and Skylights
• Building Assemblies Below or in Contact With the Ground
– Required Level of Airtightness
– Construction of Air Barrier Details
– Simple Trade-offs for Above-ground Components of the Building
Envelope
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Building Envelope
• Prescriptive Thermal Requirements
– Opaque Assemblies Above & Below Ground
• Code:
• Appendix:
minimum effective RSI
nominal R/RSI-values
– Windows Doors & Skylights
• max. U-values (2010 Energy Star)
• min. ER values (not for skylights)
– Various Compliance Paths
1. Insulation levels based on mechanical ventilation (no HRV) @ 2.5 ACH
2. Insulation levels based on HRV @ 2.5 ACH
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Proposed Requirements
• Locations by Climate Zone
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Insulation Requirements
• Nominal vs. Effective Requirements
– Nominal
– Effective
= Insulation Value
= Actual Resistance of the Assembly
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Insulation Requirements
• Nominal vs. Effective Requirements
– Nominal
– Effective
= Insulation Value for 2x6 16”oc
= Actual Resistance of the Assembly
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Insulation Requirements
• Nominal vs. Effective Requirements
– Depends on construction
– Depends on how much framing is in the wall
– 2x6 @ 16” oc
= 23% framing = 77% insulation
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Nominal Insulation vs. Effective RSI
• Example: 2 x 6 construction - 16” on center
R6.9
R19
23% 77%
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Nominal Insulation vs, Effective RSI
• Example: 2 x 6 construction - 16” on center
R 1.41
R 1.41
R 6.9
R 19
R 1.13
R 1.13
R 9.44
23%
R eff =16.64
77%
RSI eff = 2.93
R 21.54
U = 0.34
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Nominal Insulation vs, Effective RSI
• Example: 2 x 6 construction - 16” on center
– Equation to calculate framing and insulation portion
100
23% 77%

RFrame RIns
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Nominal Insulation vs, Effective RSI
• Example: 2 x 6 construction - 16” on center
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Cavity only
R19/20 Nominal
= 16.64 R eff = 2.93 RSI eff
R22 Nominal
= 17.95 R eff = 3.16 RSI eff
R24 Nominal
= 18.74 R eff = 3.30 RSI eff
23%
77%
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Nominal Insulation vs, Effective RSI
• Example: 2 x 6 construction - 16” on center with ext. ins.
R 6.41
R 6.41
R5
R 19
R 6.9
R 19
R 1.13
R 14.44
R eff =22.26
R 1.13
23%
77%
RSI eff = 3.92
R 26.54
U = 0.26
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Nominal Insulation vs. Effective RSI
• 2 x 6 Cavity only
– R19/20 Nominal
– R22 Nominal
– R24 Nominal
= 16.64 R eff
= 17.95 R eff
= 18.74 R eff
= 2.93 RSI eff
= 3.16 RSI eff
= 3.30 RSI eff
• 2 x 6 Cavity with exterior insulation
– R19 + R5 = R24 Nominal
– R22 + R5 = R27 Nominal
= 22.26 R eff
= 23.82 R eff
= 3.92 RSI eff
= 4.19 RSI eff
23%
77%
• 2 x 4 Cavity with exterior insulation
– R12 + R10
3.92 RSI eff
= R22 Nominal
= 22.24 R eff
=
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Simple Trade Off
– 3 Options:
1. Opaque to Opaque
2. Opaque to Transparent (areas remain the same)
3. Trade Areas
– Applies only to
» houses/bldgs with FDWR 15% or less
» Max, ce-ling height 7’ 8”
– Limitations
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Can’t reduce R-Values
– below 55% of the R-value for walls and attic roofs
– below 60% of the R-values of other opaque assemblies
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Does not apply to
– heated assemblies
– components and assemblies already exempted
– below ground assemblies
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Building Envelope
• Simple Trade Off – Option 1
– Example: Trade Wall against Attic Insulation
– Existing Case
• Assemblies
– Attic
– Wall
Area
R-value
=40.73 W/K
200 m²
40 m²
6.99 m²K/W (R40)
3.30 m²K/W (R24)
: R ≥ 1.8 m²K/W
Area
R-value
200 m²
40 m²
??? m²K/W
2.93 m²K/W (R20)
– Desired Case
• Assemblies
– Attic
– Wall
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Building Envelope
• Simple Trade Off – Option 1
– Example: Trade Wall against Attic Insulation
– Existing Case
• Assemblies
– Attic
– Wall
Area
R-value
=40.73 W/K
200 m²
40 m²
6.99 m²K/W (R40)
3.30 m²K/W (R24)
: R ≥ 1.8 m²K/W
Area
R-value
= 40.73 W/K
200 m²
40 m²
7.39 m²K/W (R 42)
2.93 m²K/W (R20)
– Desired Case
• Assemblies
– Attic
– Wall
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Building Envelope
• Simple Trade Off – Option 2
– Example: Allow 1 decorative Window (2 m² with a U = 2.6)
– Existing Case
• Assemblies
– Wall
– Window
Area
R-value
200 m²
40 m²
3.24 m²K/W (R22)
0.63 m²K/W (U=1.6)
Area
R-value
???
38 m²
2m²
???
3.24 m²K/W (R22)
0.63 m²K/W (U=1.6)
0.38 m²K/W (U=2.6)
3.43 m²K/W (R24)
=125.5 W/K
: R ≥ 0.38 m²K/W
: U ≤ 2.6 W/m²K
– Desired Case
• Assemblies
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Wall
Window
Window
Wall
≤ 125 W/K
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Building Envelope
• Simple Trade Off – Option 2
– Example: Allow 1 decorative Window (2 m² with a U = 2.6)
– Existing Case
• Assemblies
– Wall
– Window
Area
R-value
200 m²
40 m²
3.24 m²K/W (R22)
0.63 m²K/W (U=1.6)
Area
R-value
66 m²
38 m²
2 m²
132 m²
3.24 m²K/W (R22)
0.63 m²K/W (U=1.6)
0.38 m²K/W (U=2.6)
3.43 m²K/W (R24)
=125.5 W/K
: R ≥ 0.38 m²K/W
: U ≤ 2.6 W/m²K
– Desired Case
• Assemblies
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Wall
Window
Window
Wall
≤ 125 W/K
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Simple Trade Off
• Option 3 Example: Trading Window Area for Reduced
Attic Insulation
– Existing Case (FDWR = 12%)
• Assemblies
– Attic
– Window
Area
R-value
100 m²
18 m²
6.99 m²K/W (R40)
0.63 m²K/W (U=1.6)
=38.6 W/K
– Reference Case (FDWR = 17%)
• Assemblies
– Attic
– Window
Area
R-value
100 m²
25 m²
6.99 m²K/W (R40)
0.63 m²K/W (U=1.6)
=54.31 W/K
– Benchmark Case (FDWR = 17%)
• Assemblies
– Attic
– Window
Area
R-value
100 m²
18 m²
??? m²K/W (???)
0.63 m²K/W (U=1.6)
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Simple Trade Off
• Option 3 Example: Trading Window Area for Reduced
Attic Insulation
– Existing Case (FDWR = 12%)
• Assemblies
– Attic
– Window
Area
R-value
100 m²
18 m²
6.99 m²K/W (R40)
0.63 m²K/W (U=1.6)
=38.6 W/K
– Reference Case (FDWR = 17%)
• Assemblies
– Attic
– Window
Area
R-value
100 m²
25 m²
6.99 m²K/W (R40)
0.63 m²K/W (U=1.6)
=54.31 W/K
– Benchmark Case (FDWR = 17%)
• Assemblies
– Attic
– Window
Area
R-value
100 m²
18 m²
3.92 m²K/W (R22)
0.63 m²K/W (U=1.6)
=54.31 W/K
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Reaching ERS 80
• Validation
– In Progress using HOT2000 V 10.5
– Preliminary Results
• Modeled All 11 houses
• … without HRV
• 2 Climate Zones
– Addressing Issues
• Slab-on-grade
• Cathedral ceiling
– Not reached ERS 80
• Implications will be communicated to the CCBFC
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Reaching ERS 80
• Energy improvement
– From ERS 72 to 78
• Reduction in total energy use:
• Reduction in space heating alone:
29%
41%
– From ERS 72 – ERS 80
• Reduction in total energy use:
• Reduction in space heating alone:
35%
53%
– From ERS 78 – ERS 80
• Reduction in total energy use:
• Reduction in space heating alone:
9%
18%
(Based on 6500 houses in NRCan Ecoenergy database, not energuide
homes and not retrofited. Built 2005 to 2010)
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Reaching ERS 80
• Discussions on how to close the gap from current proposal
– Options for reaching ERS 80 (with 2.5 ACH)
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19.2” or 24” framing for min requirements
Exterior insulating sheathing on the walls
94% efficiency furnaces (etc)
HRV mandatory
Higher HRV efficiencies
Grey water heat recovery
Basement insulation,
Addressing insulation under floors (crawl spaces, walk-outs)
– Options for reaching ERS 80 with 1.5 ACH
• blower door test mandatory
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