Chapter 30 Review
Galaxies and the Universe
What characteristic of radio waves
makes them useful for determining the
shape of a galaxy?
1.
2.
3.
4.
their long wavelength
their high frequency
their easy visibility
their variable energy
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1
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0%
2
3
0%
4
What method allows
astronomers to locate the
structures circled in the
diagram?
1. recording radio waves
2. observing RR Lyrae
variables
3. measuring infrared
radiation
4. observing hydrogen
emission spectra
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
Which of the following is a
characteristics of a Population II star?
1. trace amounts of heavy
elements
2. age of less than 10 billion
years
3. located in disk arms
4. found in spiral galaxies
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
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4
The Milky Way and the
Andromeda are both________.
1.
2.
3.
4.
stars
galaxies
nebulae
quasars
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
A scientist who discovered
a galaxy could use the
following diagram to
classify the galaxy
according to its
1.
2.
3.
4.
shape
age
color
size
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
Which ratio best expresses the
mass of the Sun compared to
the mass of the Milky Way?
1.
2.
3.
4.
1: 100 billion
1: 100 million
1: 100 trillion
1: 100 thousand
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1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
Which line on the graph
shows the relationship
between the size and
brightness of a variable star?
1.
2.
3.
4.
A
B
C
D
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
The pulsation period of four
variable stars is indicated
on the diagram. Which of
the stars in a Cepheid
Variable?
1.
2.
3.
4.
A
B
C
D
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
Which sentence best summarizes
Hubble’s Law?
1. The greater the distance to a
galaxy, the greater its velocity.
2. The greater the distance to a
galaxy, the brighter its halo.
3. The greater the distance to a
galaxy, the greater its age.
4. The greater the distance to a
galaxy, the greater its mass.
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1
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2
3
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4
Other galaxies were first
believed to be ____.
1. nebulae or star clusters
within the Milky Way
2. quasars outside the
Milky Way
3. constellations within the
Milky Way
4. the Andromeda galaxy
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
Elliptical galaxies are divided
into subclasses based on ____.
1. their elongated shapes
2. the length of their
diameters
3. the ratio of their major
and minor axes
4. the length of their spiral
arms
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1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
Cosmic background radiation has a
wavelength of approximately 1 mm,
which makes it ____.
1. gamma ray
radiation
2. microwave
radiation
3. X-ray radiation
4. infrared radiation
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
If the average density is higher
than the critical density, the
universe is ____.
1.
2.
3.
4.
closed
open
flat
round
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
Recent observations show that
the rate of expansion of the
universe is ____.
1. slowing down
2. stabilizing
3. constantly
changing
4. speeding up
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
Study of the universe
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
inflationary universe
cosmology
Big Bang theory
cosmic background radiation
steady-state theory
Hubble constant
active galactic nucleus
superclusters
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Core of a galaxy in which highly energetic
objects or activities are located
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
inflationary universe
cosmology
Big Bang theory
cosmic background radiation
steady-state theory
Hubble constant
active galactic nucleus
superclusters
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Gigantic formation of clusters of galaxies
hundreds of millions of light-years in size
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
inflationary universe
cosmology
Big Bang theory
cosmic background
radiation
steady-state theory
Hubble constant
active galactic
nucleus
superclusters
0%
0%
1
2
0%
0%
0%
3
4
5
0%
0%
0%
6
7
8
A value of approximately 70 kilometers per
second per megaparsec
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
inflationary universe
cosmology
Big Bang theory
cosmic background
radiation
steady-state theory
Hubble constant
active galactic
nucleus
superclusters
0%
0%
1
2
0%
0%
0%
3
4
5
0%
0%
0%
6
7
8
States that the universe began as a point
and has been expanding ever since
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
inflationary universe
cosmology
Big Bang theory
cosmic background
radiation
steady-state theory
Hubble constant
active galactic
nucleus
superclusters
0%
0%
1
2
0%
0%
0%
3
4
5
0%
0%
0%
6
7
8
Proposes that the universe looks the same on large scales
to all observers and that it has always looked that way
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
inflationary universe
cosmology
Big Bang theory
cosmic background
radiation
steady-state theory
Hubble constant
active galactic
nucleus
superclusters
0%
0%
1
2
0%
0%
0%
3
4
5
0%
0%
0%
6
7
8
Persistent noise discovered in 1965 that is caused
by weak radiation from all directions in space
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
inflationary universe
cosmology
Big Bang theory
cosmic background
radiation
steady-state theory
Hubble constant
active galactic
nucleus
superclusters
0%
0%
1
2
0%
0%
0%
3
4
5
0%
0%
0%
6
7
8
Model that says the universe began as a fluctuation in a
vacuum and expanded very rapidly for a fraction of a
second before settling into a more orderly expansion
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
inflationary universe
cosmology
Big Bang theory
cosmic background
radiation
steady-state theory
Hubble constant
active galactic nucleus
superclusters
0%
0%
1
2
0%
0%
0%
3
4
5
0%
0%
0%
6
7
8
Normal spiral
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
E7
Irr
a
c
SO
EO
S
SB
0%
0%
1
2
0%
0%
0%
3
4
5
0%
0%
0%
6
7
8
Barred spiral
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
E7
Irr
a
c
SO
EO
S
SB
0%
0%
1
2
0%
0%
0%
3
4
5
0%
0%
0%
6
7
8
Tightly wound arm and large,
bright nucleus
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
E7
Irr
a
c
SO
EO
S
SB
0%
0%
1
2
0%
0%
0%
3
4
5
0%
0%
0%
6
7
8
Loosely wound arms and a
small, dim nucleus
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
E7
Irr
a
c
SO
EO
S
SB
0%
0%
1
2
0%
0%
0%
3
4
5
0%
0%
0%
6
7
8
Flat disks that do not have spiral
arms
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
E7
Irr
a
c
SO
EO
S
SB
0%
0%
1
2
0%
0%
0%
3
4
5
0%
0%
0%
6
7
8
Round elliptical
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
E7
Irr
a
c
SO
EO
S
SB
0%
0%
1
2
0%
0%
0%
3
4
5
0%
0%
0%
6
7
8
Very elongated elliptical
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
E7
Irr
a
c
SO
EO
S
SB
0%
0%
1
2
0%
0%
0%
3
4
5
0%
0%
0%
6
7
8
Irregular galaxy
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
E7
Irr
a
c
SO
EO
S
SB
0%
0%
1
2
0%
0%
0%
3
4
5
0%
0%
0%
6
7
8
Variable stars get brighter as they
get larger.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
The Sun is classified as a
Population II star.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
RR Lyrae and Cepheid are two
categories of variable stars.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
The Local Group is the galactic
group that includes the Milky
Way.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
The galaxy in the
diagram is categorized
as E0 based on its
shape.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
The Milky Way and
Andromeda are larger than
other galaxies in the Local
Group.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
Redshift is used as evidence
that the universe is contracting.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
The equation v = Hd shows the
relationship between the speed at which
a galaxy moves and its distance.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
The shaded area of the
circle graph represents the
percent of the universe
composed of dark matter.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
On a graph, Hubble’s law is
represented by a straight line.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
By measuring a star's period of
pulsation, astronomers can determine
its luminosity and calculate how far
away a variable star must be to appear
as dim or as bright as it does.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
Astronomers have determined the shape of
the Milky Way by using gamma waves
because they penetrate the interstellar gas
and dust without being scattered or absorbed.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
Edwin Hubble's discovery of RR Lyrae variable
stars in the Great Nebula in the Andromeda
constellation proved the existence of galaxies
outside the Milky Way.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
The halo and bulge of the
Milky Way are made of old
stars which suggests that the
halo and bulge formed first.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
A(n) SBc galaxy is a normal
spiral with loosely wound arms
and a small, dim nucleus.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
The farther away from Earth a
galaxy is, the slower it is
moving.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
There are 35 known members of the
Local Group, of which the Milky
Way and Andromeda galaxies are
the two largest.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
The redshift in many quasars is
very large, which means that
those quasars are far away.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
Most galaxies in the inner
region of a large cluster are
spirals.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
Studies provide evidence that there is
a great amount of unseen matter
called dark matter composed of dim
stellar remnants that have no mass.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
Edwin Hubble measured the redshifts
and distances of many galaxies and
found that the redshift of a galaxy
depends on its distance from Earth.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
Cosmic background radiation
provides information about
conditions now in the expansion of
the universe.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
A key goal of the Fermilab is to
gather data that would help to
pinpoint the value for H, the Hubble
constant.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2