Starting Squirrel Cage Motors
Seminar
SOLCON
March 99
Electronic soft starters
Part
1
2
3
4
5
SOLCON
Presentation
Starting AC Motors
Electronic soft starters
Digital soft starter “RVS-DN”
Analog soft starters “RVS-N“
Analog soft starter “Solstart”
Slides
3 - 22
23 - 36
37 - 132
133 - 139
140 - 143
Starting the motor
Three basic methods for starting squirrel cage motors :
* Full voltage - Direct On Line (D.O.L.)
* Reduced voltage - Electro mechanical methods
* Reduced voltage - Electronic methods
SOLCON
Direct On Line (D.O.L.) Starting
Starting Voltage - Full voltage at starting 100% Un
Un
t
SOLCON
Direct On Line Starting
Starting Current - Typically 500-800% In, depends on motor design.
Istart
In
RPM
SOLCON
Direct On Line Starting
* Starting Torque (M start) - Typically 150 - 180% Mn
* Max Torque (Mmax) - Break Down Torque can reach 220% Mn
Mmax
Mstart
Mn
M operation
Load
RPM
SOLCON
Direct On Line Starting
Acceleration Torque - The difference between motor and load torque's,
determines the Acceleration Time.
M acceleration
M load
SOLCON
Direct On Line Starting
Start Time - the high Acceleration Torque results in fast acceleration of
motor speed, typically less than 1 sec.
Nn
t
SOLCON
Direct On Line Starting
1 sec.
Current Inrush
SOLCON
Direct On Line Starting
1 sec.
Mechanical Shock
SOLCON
Reducing Starting Current & Torque
Reducing Inrush Current is essential :
* When starting from weak power supplies like fully loaded
transformers, long cables, diesel generators, etc.
Reducing mechanical shock is essential :
* To increase life expectancy of belts, gears, shafts and motors.
* To reduce maintenance requirements
* To prevent damage to fragile loads
SOLCON
Reducing Starting Current & Torque
* Reducing Inrush Current & Mechanical Shock in squirrel cage motors
can be done by reducing motor voltage during starting
* Reducing voltage during starting can be done by the old electromechanical systems like Star-delta, Auto-transformer, Part winding,
Starting Resistors or by modern Electronic Soft Starters
SOLCON
Reducing Starting Voltage
When Starting Voltage is reduced:
* Starting torque is reduced in square proportion to voltage reduction
* Starting current is reduced in direct or square proportion to voltage
reduction - depending on starting method
SOLCON
Price factor : 0 .2 - 1 times Soft starter
SOLCON
Direct On Line - Summary
Advantages: Simple, Small size, Low price.
Disadvantages:
* High inrush current 500-850% In which may cause voltage drops in
supply system, nuisance tripping & light dimming.
* High starting torque 150-250% Mn which may cause mechanical
damages to gears, transmissions and fragile loads.
Y/D Starting
Starting voltage - Y connected (58% Un), transfer to Delta (100% Un)
by timer - open loop control.
D
Un
Y
UY
UY
= 58% Un
t
transfer
point
SOLCON
Y/D Starting
Starting Current - Typically 250% In, current is reduced in square
proportion to voltage reduction
I start
DOL
Reduced
Starting Current
Y
IY
RPM
SOLCON
D
Transfer
point
Y/D Starting
Starting Torque - Reduced by the square proportion to voltage reduction,
the voltage remains constant during most of the starting time.
M start Y = (0.58)2 x M start (A.T.H) = 0.33 x M start
M
DOL
D
Reduced Starting &
Acceleration Torque
Y
MY
M operation
M acceleration
RPM
SOLCON
Y/D Starting
Start Time - Extended acceleration time due to lower acceleration torque
Nn
D.O.L Y/D
t
SOLCON
Y/D Starting - Current Inrush
1 sec.
current spike during transfer from Y to D
(especially in varying type loads)
SOLCON
Price factor: .6 - 2 times Soft starter
SOLCON
Y/D Starting - Summary
Advantages: Simple, Small size, Inexpensive (in lower ratings),
Lower starting currents.
Disadvantages:
* Non-adjustable starting characteristics
* Possible high switching current & torque (expensive closed
transition)
* Open loop control
* 6 wires to the motor
* No optional features (only soft start)
* No motor protection.
Price factor : 1 - 2 times Soft starter
SOLCON
Auto-transformer Starting
Advantages: Lower starting currents.
Disadvantages:
* Bulky
* Expensive
* Limited number of operations per hour
* Complicated change of starting parameters
* Switching transients - expensive closed transition.
Electronic Soft Starters
Using 6 Thyristors (SCRs), 2 per phase, in an anti-parallel connection
L1
L2
L3
SOLCON
3
Thyristors (SCR’s) firing system
Vc
SOLCON
The left thyristor conducts during
the positive period of the sine wave,
when Vc is On and can be turned
Off when the current is at zero
crossing.
Thyristors (SCR’s) firing system
Vc
SOLCON
The other thyristor is coupled in an
anti-parallel method and conducts
in the negative half cycle.
Thyristors (SCR’s) firing system
Thyristor firing controls the soft starter output voltage
Phase Control
U start
t soft start
SOLCON
Zero Crossing
Voltage Ramp-up
Voltage ramp-up (without Current Limit)
Un
U4
U3
U2
U1
Voltage ramp
U start
t1
t2
t3
t soft start
SOLCON
t4
Time
Current Ramp-up
Current Ramp-Up (without Current Limit)
I start
Current with Soft-starter
I soft
In
RPM
SOLCON
Current ramp-up with Current Limit
Voltage & current increases until the current reaches Current Limit.
The Voltage will not increase until current begins reducing, as the motor
approaches nominal speed.
I start
Un
Current
limit
4X
Current
Limit
U start
Time
In
RPM
SOLCON
t soft start
Calculating motor’s torque
Motor torque with soft starter
M soft = ( U soft / U n ) 2 * M start
Assuming M start = 1.8 * M n
Assuming U start =0.5 Un (0.25 Un)
M soft = (0.25) * 1.8 = 0.45 M start
Torque is reduced by the square of the voltage reduction
SOLCON
Motor Voltage / Torque Ratio
M
V
D.O.L
TU6
U5
TU5
TU4
TU3
TU2
TU1
U4
U3
U2
U1
t1 t2 t3 t4
SOLCON
M
t5
t6
RPM
t1
t2
t3
t4
t5
t6
Torque with & without Current Limit
Torque / Voltage curves with and without Current Limit
M max
M start
M saddle
without current limit
Mn
RPM
SOLCON
with current limit
Soft Starter - Current Inrush
with current limit
1 sec.
SOLCON
Soft Starter - Mechanical shock
1 sec.
SOLCON
Motor torque
Motor torque
Motor current
Summary
D.O.L
SOLCON
Y/D
Soft-starter
Soft starter - summary
Disadvantages: Relatively expensive, higher sophistication
Advantages:
* Solid state - no moving parts, less maintenance
* Reduced starting current & mechanical shock
* Smooth, stepless acceleration & deceleration
* Closed current loop starting
* Easy adjustments for all applications
* Comprehensive motor protection package
* Special features: “Pump Control”, Soft stop, Slow speed with
electronic reversing, Dual adjustment, Energy saver, etc.
SOLCON
Soft Starter Line
SOLCON

RVS-DN
Digital
8-2700A
220 - 690V

RVS-DN
“
105-390A
1000V

RVS-DN
“
8-2700A
Marine Type

HRVS-DN
“
60 - 800A
1500-7200V

RVS-N
8-170A
220 - 600V

SOLSTART
“
8-17A
220 - 690V

SEM-N (navy)
“
8-31A
220 - 440V
Analogue
RVS-DN
Digital Soft Starters
for Heavy Duty Industrial
Applications
SOLCON
The RVS-DN family
SOLCON
Size B
55 - 90 KW
Size D
250 - 450 KW
Size A
4 - 37 KW
Size C
110 - 220 KW
RVS-DN Advantages






SOLCON
Heavy Duty Design: 400% In, 30 sec. at 50°C, 4 starts an hour
Comprehensive Range: 8-2700A, 220-1000V
Second Generation Digital Field proven experience
Fully featured: Control, Protection & Supervision
Comprehensive Motor Protection
User Friendly: Default settings, LCD display, Selectable languages
RVS-DN Approvals
USA
UL
UL Approved : 8-820A,
1100A and above are designed to meet UL requirements
Canada
cUL
cUL Approved : 8-820A
1100A and above are designed to meet cUL requirements
European
CE Approved (EMC & Safety) : 8-1400A
1800A and above are designed to meet CE requirements
Marine &
Offshore
Lloyd’s Approved (ENV 1 & ENV 2) : 8-1400A
1800A and above are designed to meet Lloyd’s
specifications for ENV1 & 2 requirements
SOLCON
Selector Guide
SOLCON
Starter
Frame
Motor HP
Type
Size
230V
460V
575V
RVS-DN 8
A
2.5
5
7.5
RVS-DN 17
5
10
15
RVS-DN 31
10
20
30
RVS-DN 44
15
30
40
RVS-DN 58
20
40
50
RVS-DN 72
25
50
60
RVS-DN 105
B
40
75
100
RVS-DN 145
50
100
125
RVS-DN 170
60
125
150
RVS-DN 210
C
75
150
200
RVS-DN 310
125
200
300
RVS-DN 390
150
300
350
Starter should be selected according to motor’s Full Load Amp and starting
conditions
Selector Guide
Starter
Frame
Motor HP
Type
Size
230V
460V
575V
RVS-DN 460
D
200
400
450
RVS-DN 580
250
500
550
RVS-DN 820
300
700
900
RVS-DN 1100
E*
450
900
1100
RVS-DN 1400
500
1100
1500
RVS-DN 1800
RVS-DN 2100
F*
RVS-DN 2700
Starter must be selected according to motor’s Full Load Amp and starting
conditions
* To be used with a by-pass contactor
SOLCON
RVS-DN Block Diagram
Keypad
Isolated
Inputs
(Prog.)
LCD
MICRO
SOLCON
Firing circuitry
PROCESSOR
SCRs
V measurements
Display
Relay
Outputs
(Prog.)
Supply
I measurements
LEDs
Display
Power
Options :
* RS-485 Comm.
* Insulation
* Tachometer in
* Analogue Out
* Thermistor in
Memory :
Statistics
Faults
M
Preparation
For By-pass
All Protection
Remain Active
Size A (8-72A)
Line
To by-pass
(option)
LCD
(selectable
languages)
LEDs
(status display)
Control terminals
(Plug-in)
SOLCON
IP 20
Finger protected
for safe operation
To Motor
Size B (105-170A)
(Bus bar cover
removed)
Line
To Motor
Power
Section
Control Module
(Identical for sizes
B-F)
Front protected
for safe operation
SOLCON
Size C (210-390A)
Line
To Motor
C/T
(Bus bar cover
removed)
Power
Section
Control
Module
Front protected
for safe operation
SOLCON
Preparation for By-pass
To motor
C/T
SOLCON
Line
To
by-pass
Preparation for By-pass
L1
M
SOLCON
L2
L3
Size D (460-820A)
Load
Line
(Bus bar cover
removed)
C/T
Power
section
Control
module
SOLCON
Size E (1100-1800A)
Line
Power
Section
C/T
Control
Module
To Motor
SOLCON
Control Module (identical for sizes B-E)
Optional boards:
Control
Plug
* Insulation Test board
* Analogue board
* Tacho encoder board
(only one)
Control
Transformer
Dip Switch
Power
Supply
Board
E PROM
Control Supply
SOLCON
I/O
Communication Board
RS 485 (MODBUS)
Dip switch
Function
OFF (default)
ON
Display
Minimum
Maximum
Tacho feedbackDisabled
Enabled
Mains / Generator
Mains
Generator
Always OFF
Language selector
English, French, German, Spanish
Extended range
Disabled
Enabled
Software lock
Open
Locked
1
SOLCON
2
3 4
5 6
7 8
OFF
No.
1
2
3
4
5+6
7
8
Front panel Keypad, LCD & LEDs



Two lines - 16 characters each, Back light (optional)
Selectable languages - English, German, French, Spanish
Motor data, Parameter setting, Fault diagnostic, Statistical data
Digital Reduced Voltage Starter RVS-DN
CURRENT LIMIT
400%
Mode
Select
Reset
Store
On
Start
Run
S.Stop
Stop
E.Save / Slow
D. Adj. / Rev.
Fault
8 LEDs for
quick status
display
6 keys, menu driven software, default parameters
SOLCON
Start & Stop Parameters
Initial Voltage
 Current Limit
 Acceleration Time (Ramp-up Time)
 Deceleration Time (Ramp-down Time) - Soft Stop
 Pump Control
 Dual Adjustments
 Pulse start
 Diesel Generator Starting

SOLCON
Initial Voltage


Initial Voltage - determines the Initial Torque (the Torque is reduced in
the square proportion of the voltage reduction).
Adjustable : 10-50% (80%) Un, should be set for the motor to start
turning immediately after Start signal is initiated
Un
50%
Initial
Voltage
10%
SOLCON
Acceleration Time


Acceleration Time - Determines the Voltage Ramp-up Time, from
Initial to Full Voltage.
Adjustable :1-30 (90) sec. Set to the shortest acceptable time.
Un
U start
30 sec
2
Voltage Ramp-up Time
SOLCON
Time
Current Limit


Current Limit - Determines the maximum current during acceleration
process and the acceleration time to full speed.
Adjustable :100-400% (500%) I FLA, Set to the highest acceptable current.
I start
Un
U C. L
400%
U
U start1
Current
Limit
100%
t soft start
SOLCON
RPM
Current limit / Start time Ratio
Lower Current Limit => longer Start Time
4 x In
3 x In
In
5
SOLCON
10
15
20
25
30
Time
Deceleration Time “Soft Stop”


Deceleration Time - Determines the Voltage Ramp-down Time,
from Un to zero.
Adjustable: 1-30 (90) sec. Set to the shortest acceptable time.
Un
2
Speed
30 / 90 sec
Deceleration Time
SOLCON
Pump Control Program

Designed to eliminate
 Over-Pressure during starting.
 Water-Hammer during stopping.
Imperative when pumping to higher elevations or into a
high pressure pipe system
SOLCON
Pump Starting D.O.L.
When starting D.O.L high Acceleration Torque causes rapid increase in
pump speed, fast change in flow & consequently high Pressure.
The high pressure in the pipe system may result in damage to pipes, fittings,
joints, etc.
Voltage
Torque
Motor
(D.O.L)
Speed
M start
Accel.
Torque
Load
Time
SOLCON
Speed
Time
Standard Soft Starters
When starting with a standard soft starter - Starting Torque is reduced
drastically, however Peak Torque still remains high, causing high
Acceleration Torque towards the end of the starting process. Peak &
Acceleration Torque must be reduced to extend the Acceleration time.
Torque
Voltage
Speed
D.O.L
With soft
starter
M start
soft
starter
Time
SOLCON
Accel.
Torque
Load
Speed
Slow
Accel.
Time
RVS-DN Pump Control
Pump Control “Start Curves” - Three special voltage ramp-up curves
to reduce peak torque & extend Acceleration time.
Adjustable: 1-3 Curves, set as required
D.O.L
0
With soft starter
0
1 2 3
Speed
Torque
Voltage
DOL
1
Area of
Pump Control
start curves
Time
SOLCON
2
3
Speed
Time
Pump Stopping
When stopping with a D.O.L starter - speed is quickly reduced and flow
abruptly stopped. This may cause a Water Hammer (mechanical shock and
audible noise) with severe damage to pipes, joints, fittings, valves, etc.
Un
DOL opens
SOLCON
Speed
Pump Control - Stop Curves
Stopping with a standard soft starter - when pumping to a higher
elevation, motor torque may quickly fall below load torque (as torque
decreases at the square of voltage reduction). This may cause abrupt
stalling instead of smoothly decreasing speed to zero, creating the Water
Hammer phenomenon.
Un
Stalling point
“Soft stop”
SOLCON
Speed
RVS-DN Pump Control
Torque
Voltage

Pump Control “Stop Curves” - enables selection between 3 special
voltage ramp-down curves preventing stall condition and eliminating
Water Hammer.
Adjustable:1-3 Curve, Set as required
D.O.L
0
Speed

1
Area of
Pump Control
stop curves
Time
SOLCON
2
3
Speed
0
1 2 3
DOL With soft starter
Time
Pump Control - Final Torque
Voltage

Final Torque - enables setting a point where motor stops when the valve
closes - Before reaching end of deceleration, motor torque is lower than
load torque and the valve closes, however motor may continue running.
Adjustable: Min-Max., Set as required
Area of
Pump Control
Final Torque
Speed

Check Valve
closes and
motor stops
Time
Time
SOLCON
DOL
Dual Adjustment

Two sets of parameters - for Variable Loads, Two Speed Motors and
D.G. starting
Adjustments:
 Initial Voltage
 Current Limit
 Acceleration Time
 Deceleration Time
 Motor FLA
Time
 Starting Mode (Utility or D.G)
Voltage

Standard
Dual Adjust
Characteristic Characteristic
SOLCON
Energy Save


Energy Save - potential saving and P.F. improvement on lightly loaded
motors .
Adjustable: 0-10 (Min-Max) .
Note - may require filter to meet CE requirement (European)
Un
In
I motor
time
SOLCON
Slow Speed


Slow speed - Motor operates at 1/6 Nn, Forward or Reverse (no
contactors required)
Adjustments:
 Torque at Slow speed 1 - 10 (Min-Max)
 Max time 1 - 30 sec.
Speed
Applications
* Positioning
* Sewage pumps
Nn
1/6 Forward
1/6 Reverse
Max. Slow Speed Time 30 Sec.
SOLCON
Pulse start


Pulse start - a pulse of 80% Un (without Current Limit) to break free
high friction / inertia loads.
Adjustable: Pulse Time 0.1 - 1 sec.
Un
time
0.1 - 1 sec.
SOLCON
Tacho feedback


Tacho Feedback - for linear acceleration of special loads
Adjustable : Consult factory
Voltage
Applications
* Conveyor belts
+10 DC
Speed RPM
SOLCON
Starting from a Diesel-Gen.
SOLCON

When starting from older D.G. sets (especially those equipped with
low cost Voltage Regulators) both voltage and frequency are unstable,
causing irregular firing of the thyristor. The RVS-DN is equipped with a
special program overcoming the voltage and frequency instability.

To operate Gen. Mode set Dip Sw. 3 to On and energize the Dual
Adjustment Terminal. When operating in Generator mode, motor must
be loaded.

When motor can operate from Mains and D.G (stand-by D.G) set Dip
Sw. 3 to On. However, Dual Adjustment Terminal should be energized
only when D.G. is running.
Motor & Starter Protection














SOLCON
Motor Insulation (optional)
Motor not connected
No. of starts & Start Inhibit
Too long start (Stall)
Phase Loss
Phase reversal
Under / Over Voltage
Under Current
Shear-pin (Instantaneous)
Over Current (O/L)
External Fault
High Motor Temp (optional)
Shorted SCR
Starter over-temp.
Before
Starting
+
+
+
-
During
Starting
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
During
Running
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
During
Stopping
+
+
Low Motor Insulation (optional)


Motor Insulation (optional) - tests motor insulation level when motor is
not running (requires a Line Contactor or disconnecting a Line C/B etc. ).
Adjustments:
 Alarm Level: 0.2 - 5 Mohm, Set as required
 Trip Level: Off, 0.2 - 5 Mohm, Set as required
Applications
* Submersible pumps
* Harsh environments
* Motors not running for a long period of time.
SOLCON
S
Motor Temp. (optional)


Motor Thermistor Input - Over Temp Protection (option, in place of
Insulation Card)
Adjustments:
 Thermistor type: PTC or NTC
 Trip Level: Off, 0.1 - 10Kohm
Note - the Analogue card contains also Analogue Output, related to
motor’s current (0-10VDC, 4-20mA, 0-20mA)
SOLCON
Excessive starts


SOLCON
Max. Number of Starts - preventing excessive starts during a short
period of time.
Adjustments:
 Permitted Number of Starts: Off, 1- 10
 Start period: 1- 60 min.
 Start Inhibit Time (after Too Many Starts): 1- 60 min.
Stalled Motor


Max. start time - Preventing Stall condition, trips the starter if current
is not reduced below Motor FLA within the adjusted time.
Adjustments: 1-30 (240) sec.
Starting
current
10
20
Max. Starting Time
SOLCON
30
Jam Protection

Jam Protection - Trips the starter in less than 1 cycle when current
exceeds 850% IFLA.
850% IFLA
Trip
Applications
* Conveyors
* Agitators
* Complex Machinery
SOLCON
Electronic Shear-pin


Shear-pin Protection (“Immediate Relay” set to “Shear-pin”) - Stops
(no trip) the motor when current exceeds the set level, with an
adjustable time delay.
Adjustments:
 Trip Current 200 - 850% Motor FLA (during starting 850%)
 Shear-pin Delay 0.5 - 5 sec (no delay at 850%)
850%
IFLA
Trip
SOLCON
Applications
* Shredders
* Complicated drive systems
Electronic Shear pin
PLC
For.
Rev.
Williams Tire Shredders
* When system was jammed
the electronic ammeter sent a
signal to the PLC which
tripped the Forward Contactor
and closed the Reverse.
* The Forward Contactor was
quickly damaged by the high
opening currents.
A
Electronic
Ammeter
SOLCON
M
G
Shredder
Electronic shear-pin (Williams Shredder)
C/B
PLC
Shear-pin
For.
1 2 3
Rev.
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
RVS-DN
M
L
SOLCON
N The “Immediate Relay” is designated as “Shear-pin”,
upon Jam (delayed up to 5 sec) the starter will stop
(no trip) and signal the PLC. The Forward Contactor
will open under no-current, the Reverse Contactor
will close and the soft starter will be re-started.
Overload


Electronic overload - with selectable curves
Adjustments:
 O/L Trip level: 75-150% I FLA
 Trip Time at 500% I FLA: 1-10 sec
t
10 sec
trip time at
500% FLA
1 sec
I
75%
SOLCON
115%
O/L setting
150%
500%
Under Current


Under current - Trips the starter when current decreases below the U/C
Trip level after the selectable time delay. Under current auto reset
allows for restarting after a predefined period of time, to re-check the
under current status.
Adjustments:
 Trip Current: Off, 20-90% I FLA
 Trip Delay 1-40 sec.
Applications
* Dry running pumps
* Broken belt / gear
* Closed air inlet (fan)
I FLA
90%
80%
20%
Start
SOLCON
2
20
40 sec.
Under / Over Voltage




SOLCON
Under Voltage - Trips the starter when voltage drops below the U/V
Trip level after the selectable time delay. With programmable auto-reset.
Adjustments:
 Trip level 120-600V (Line - Line)
 Trip Delay 1-10 sec.
Over Voltage - Trips the starter when voltage increases above the O/V
Trip level after the selectable time delay.
Adjustments:
 Trip level 150-750V (Line - Line)
 Trip Delay 1-10 sec.
Phase Loss & Wrong Sequence

Phase Loss - Trips the starter when one or two phases are missing for
over 1 sec. With programmable auto-reset.

Phase Sequence - Trips the starter when phase sequence is wrong
Adjustments : Protection Enabled / Disabled

SOLCON
Motor Not Connected

Wrong Connection - Trips the starter if motor is not connected to
starters’ Load terminals, 1,2 or 3 wires.
* When motor is connected,
voltage between phases will
be approx 3V.
* When motor is not connected,
voltage between phase will be
full voltage.
R
C
400V
SOLCON
External Fault

External Fault - Trips the starter 2 sec. after the contact closes.
RVS-DN
SOLCON
Applications
* Water level for pumps
* Oil level for compressors
Soft Starter Fault

Shorted SCR - Prevents starting when one or more SCR have failed
(short circuited)
When SCRs fail, there is a
short circuit between Line
and Load of the same phase.
R
C
SOLCON
Fault & Resetting
Upon fault
 The starter trips and locks in fault mode
 The “Trip” LED lights up
 The LCD displays fault cause (Shear-Pin)
 The Fault Relay changes position
 The Immediate & End of Acc. Relays return to original position
 Same data is transmitted through the RS 485
 The starter records fault current in statistical parameters
Resetting after fault removal
 Front panel - Reset key, Hard wire - Terminals 7 or 8, RS 485
 Possible only after Start signal is removed
SOLCON
Soft Starter Fault
SOLCON

Heatsink Over temperature - Trips the starter when heatsink temp.
rises above 85°C.

SCR Protection: by MOVs (Metal Oxide Varistors)
1 2 3
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Neutral
D. djust / Reverse / Reset
Common
Stop
Soft Stop
Start
E.Save / Slow / Reset
Control wiring
13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
Control Supply can be 115 or 230VAC - must be specified
(By special order, DC voltage may be supplied for sizes B-F)
L
SOLCON
N
Control Wiring
Control
Plug
Control
Transformer
Power
Supply
Board
Control Supply
SOLCON
Control Supply
Jumper
A
B
C
R
1
L1
SOLCON
2
3
Internal Jumper
* When connected to A - fan (s) will operate
as long as Control Supply is connected to
Terminals 1-3
* When connected to B - fan (s) will operate
when Control Supply is connected to
Terminal 2 (for example through a N.C.
contact of the by-pass contactor)
* When connected to C - Fan (s) will operate
when relay A closes (Automatically upon
start signal, stops 5 min. after stop signal or
when by-pass contactor closes.
N
Notes :
1. It is recommended to leave at factory default (A).
2. For size A, 44-72A, modification should be done by a
field technician.
1 2 3
SOLCON
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
!
Neutral
Tacho feedback
External Fault
Aux Contact
“End of Acc.”
Aux Contact
“Fault”
Aux Contact
“Immediate”
D. Adjust / Rev. / Reset
Common
Stop
Soft Stop
Start
E.Save / Slow Sp / Reset
Control wiring
13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
Neutral
Control wiring
1 2 3
N
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
N
13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
(1) For Mains system with Ground and / or
Neutral - connect Terminal 21 to N or Gr.
(2) For Mains system without Ground and
Neutral - leave Terminal 2 open
SOLCON
N or Gr.
(1)
1 2 3
L
SOLCON
N
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Neutral
Common
D. Adjust / Reverse / Reset
Stop
Soft Stop
Start
E.Save / Slow / Reset
Control wiring
13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
Same voltage for Control Supply (1-3) and Control Commands (4-9)
1 2 3
L N
SOLCON
Neutral
Common
D. Adjust / Reverse / Reset
Stop
Soft Stop
Start
E.Save / Slow / Reset
Control wiring
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
Different voltages for Control Commands (4-9)
can be AC or DC (must be specified)
Control Command
voltage
Soft Stop
Start
E.Save / Slow / Reset
D. Adjust / Rev. / Reset
Common
1 2 3
Stop
Control wiring - Start / Stop
4
5
6
7
8
9
C
L
SOLCON
N
Motor will soft start when C closes and
stop immediately when C opens
Soft Stop
Start
E.Save / Slow / Reset
D. Adjust / Rev. / Reset
Common
1 2 3
Stop
Control wiring - Start / Stop
4
5
6
7
8
9
C
L
SOLCON
N
Motor will soft start when C closes
and soft stop when C opens
Soft Stop
Start
E.Save / Slow / Reset
D. Adjust / Rev. / Reset
Common
1 2 3
Stop
Control wiring - Start / Stop
4
5
6
7
8
9
C2
L
SOLCON
N
C1
C
Push-button operation - Motor will soft start when C closes,
soft stop when C1 opens and stop immediately when C2
opens
SOLCON
L
N
Soft Stop
Start
E.Save / Slow / Reset
D. Adjust / Rev. / Reset
Common
1 2 3
Stop
Control wiring - Start / Stop
4
5
6
7
8
9
C
Soft Stop
Start
E.Save / Slow / Reset
D. Adjust / Rev. / Reset
Common
1 2 3
Stop
Control wiring - Energy Save
4
5
6
7
8
9
C
SOLCON
L
N
Energy Save will operate when Terminal 7 is designated
as Energy Save and C closes. For automatic operation
use a jumper.
Soft Stop
Start
E.Save / Slow / Reset
D. Adjust / Rev. / Reset
Common
1 2 3
Stop
Control wiring - Slow speed
4
5
6
7
8
9
C
L
SOLCON
N
Slow Speed will operate when Terminal 7 is designated as
Slow Speed and C closes before motor starting.
Soft Stop
Start
E.Save / Slow / Reset
D. Adjust / Rev. / Reset
Common
1 2 3
Stop
Control wiring - Remote Reset
4
5
6
7
8
9
C1
SOLCON
L
N
C2
* Remote (hardwire) Resetting will operate when Terminal 7
or 8 are designated as Reset and C1 or C2 close
Soft Stop
Start
E.Save / Slow / Reset
D. adjust / Reverse / Re.
Common
1 2 3
Stop
Control wiring - Dual Adjustment
4
5
6
7
8
9
C
L
SOLCON
N
Dual Adjustment (secondary parameter setting) will operate
when Terminal 8 is designated as Dual Adjust and C1 closes.
Soft Stop
Start
E.Save / Slow / Reset
D. Adjust / Reverse / Re.
Common
1 2 3
Stop
Control wiring - D.G. Program
4
5
6
7
8
9
C
L
SOLCON
N
D.G. Program will operate when Dip Switch 3 “Generator” is set
to On, Terminal 8 is designated as Dual Adjust and C1 closes.
Soft Stop
Start
E.Save / Slow / Reset
D. Adjust / Reverse / Res.
Common
1 2 3
Stop
Control wiring - Slow speed Reverse
4
5
6
7
8
9
C1
L
SOLCON
N
C2
Slow Speed Reverse will operate when Terminal 7 is designated as
Slow Speed, Terminal 8 is designated as Reverse and when closing
C1 (before starting) and C2 (before or during motor running)
Auxiliary Relays
Auxiliary Relays : C/O, 8A/250VAC
* Immediate - with On and Off delays
* Fault - prog. Fault / Fale- safe
* End of Acceleration - with On delay
SOLCON
“Immediate Relay”
Immediate / ShearLpin
Relay
1 2 3
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Selection by designating the Immediate Relay as:
* Immediate - with On and Off delays
* Shear pin - When relay is designated as Shear-pin
SOLCON
“Immediate Relay” - Immediate
Immediate
L
Relay
1 2 3
Applications
* Operating a valve
* Opening / closing a brake
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
On delay
after Start
SOLCON
Off Delay
after Stop
“Immediate Relay” - Immediate
D. Adjust
Immediate
Relay
1 2 3
SOLCON
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Creating special Starting
Curves:
1. Designate “Imm Relay” as
Immediate and set On Delay
time
2. Designate Terminal 8 as “Dual
Adjust” and set parameters
Voltage
Ramp-up
On delay
By-pass Contactor
End of Acceleration
Relay
M
1 2 3
L
SOLCON
N
4...9
13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
Fault Relay
Fault Relay
1 2 3
4...9
13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
Fault Relay programmable :
* Fault - 13-15 at NO, upon fault 13-15 are NC, returns upon fault reset
* Fault Fail Safe - Upon Control Supply connection 13-15 at NC, upon
fault 13-15 are at NO, returns upon fault reset.
SOLCON
External Fault
Control wiring - External Fault
1 2 3
4...9
13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
External Fault input - connected between 19 and 21 (Neutral),
use short wires, can be used only when 21 is connected to Ground
or Neutral
SOLCON
Control wiring - optional cards
Analogue I/O Board
Motor Insulation Alarm
Communication Board
28
Thermistor
25
22 N.C.
29
Thermistor
26
23 (-) RS485
30
Ground
27
24 (+) RS485
31 (-) Analogue
32 (+) Analogue
Digital Tacho Board
25 (+)
Encoder
(-)
26
27
SOLCON
Ground
Wiring
L1 L2 L3
Fuses or
Circuit breaker
Line Contactor
(when required)
Soft Starter
M
SOLCON
Line & By-pass contactors
L1 L2 L3
By-pass
Contactor
“Preparation for By-pass”
eliminates the need for
additional O / L
SOLCON
M
Power Factor Capacitor
L1 L2 L3
Fuses or
circuit breaker
Soft starter
Capacitor (when used)
must be at Line side
M
SOLCON
Motor
PAGE 0
?
Mode
Select
Store
Reset
PAGE 1
PAGE 2
PAGE 3
PAGE 9
% OF MOTOR FLA
MAIN PARAMETERS
START PARAMETERS
STOP PARAMETERS
MOTOR INSULATION
52,8 Mohm
STARTER FLC
105 AMP.
SOFT START CURVE
0 (STANDARD)
SOFT STOP CURVE
0 (STANDARD)
LAST STRT PERIOD
NO DATA
FLC FLA
105 105
MOTOR FLA
105 AMP.
START TACHO GAIN
0 (MIN. GAIN)
STOP TACHO GAIN
0 (MIN. GAIN)
LAST START MAX. I
NO DATA
UCT UCD OCT
0
10 850
UNDERCURR. TRIP
0 % OF FLA
PULSE TIME
0 SEC.
DEC. TIME
10 SEC.
TOTAL RUN TIME
0 HOURS
OLT OLD
115
4
UNDERCURR.DELAY
10 SEC.
INITIAL VOLTAGE
30 %
FINAL TORQUE
30 %
TOTAL # OF START
0
UVT UVD OVT OVD
300
5 480
2
O/C - SHEAR PIN
850 % OF FLA
CURRENT LIMIT
400 % OF FLA
STORE ENABLE
STOP PARAMETERS
LAST TRIP
NO DATA
STC PT IV CL AT
0 0 30 400 10
OVERLOAD TRIP
115 % OF FLA
ACC. TIME
10 SEC.
TRIP CURRENT
0 % OF FLA
MST NOS SP SI CD
30
10 30 15 5
OVERLOAD DELAY
4 SEC - AT 5 FLA
MAX. START TIME
30 SEC.
TOTAL # OF TRIPS
0
SPC DT FT
0 10 0
UNDERVOLT. TRIP
300 VOLT
NUMBER OF STARTS
10
DA: IV CL AT DT
30 400 10 10
UNDERVOLT. DELAY
5 SEC.
STARTS PERIOD
30 MIN.
DA: FLA
105
OVERVOLT. TRIP
480 VOLT
START INHIBIT
15 MIN.
ES SST MSST
10
8
30
OVERVOLT. DELAY
2 SEC.
RUN CONTACT DEL.
5 SEC.
SEQ INSULAT RST
NO 0,1 0,1 NO
STORE ENABLE
MAIN PARAMETERS
STORE ENABLE
START PARAMETERS
STATISTICAL
I7 I8 FREL IMREL
0 0
0 0 0
SOLCON DRV BAUD PAR SER
0
96
0 248
Minimized Mode
?
Mode
Select
PAGE 4
PAGE 5
PAGE 6
PAGE 7
PAGE 8
DUAL ADJUSTMENT
PARAMETERS
EN. SAVE & SL.SPD.
PARAMETERS
FAULT PARAMETERS
I/O PROGRAMMING
PARAMETERS
COMM. PARAMETERS
DA: INIT. VOLT.
30%
SAVING ADJUST.
0 MIN.
PHASE SEQ. Y/N
NO
PROG. INPUT #7
ENERGY SAVER
DRIVE NUMBER
0
DA: CUR. LIMIT
400 % OF FLA
SLOW SPEED TORQ.
8
INSULATION ALARM
OFF
PROG. INPUT #8
DUAL ADJUSTMENT
BAUD RATE
9600
DA: ACC. TIME
10 SEC.
MAX. SLOW SP. TIME
30 SEC.
INSULATION TRIP
OFF
FAULT RELAY TYPE
FAULT
PARITY CHECK
EVEN
DA: DEC. TIME
10 SEC.
STORE ENABLE
EN. SAVE & SL. SPD.
AUTO RESET
NO
IMM/S.PIN RELAY
IMMEDIATE
SERIAL LINK NO
248 (OFF)
DA: MOTOR FLA
105 AMP.
THERMISTOR TYPE
PTC
RELAY ON DELAY
0 SEC.
STORE ENABLE
COMM. PARAMETERS
STORE ENABLE
D.ADJ. PARAMETERS
THERMISTOR TRIP
OFF
RELAY OFF DEL.
0 SEC.
STORE ENABLE
FAULT PARAMETERS
ANALOG OUTPUT
NORMAL
STORE ENABLE
I/O PROG.PARAM.
Store
Reset
SOLCON
Maximized Mode
Main Parameters












SOLCON
Starter FLC
Motor FLA
Under Current Trip
Under Current Delay
O/C Shearpin
O/C Shearpin Delay
Overload Trip
Overload Delay
Under Voltage Trip
Under Voltage Delay
Overvoltage Trip
Overvoltage Delay
8 - 2700A (8, 17, 31, 44 .... )
50 - 100% Starter FLC setting
Off, 20 - 90% Motor FLA setting
1 - 40 sec
200 - 850% Motor FLA setting
0.5 - 5 sec
75 - 150% Motor FLA setting
1 - 10 sec (@ 500% FLA)
120 - 600V
1 - 10 sec
150 - 750V
1 - 10 sec
Start Parameters











SOLCON
Soft start curve
Start Tacho Gain
Pulse Time
Initial Voltage
Current Limit
Acceleration Time
Max. Start Time
Number of Starts
Starts Period
Start Inhibit Period
Run Contact Delay
4 selectable curve (Pump Control)
6 levels of Tacho Gain
0 - 1 sec. (2sec)
10 - 50% Un (80%)
100 - 400% Motor FLA setting (500%)
1 - 30 sec. (90sec)
1 - 30 sec. (240sec)
1 - 10 & Off
1 - 60 min.
1 - 60 min.
0 - 120 sec.
Fault Parameters







SOLCON
Phase Seq.. protection
Insulation Alarm
Insulation Trip
Auto Reset
Auto Reset
Thermistor type
Thermistor Trip
Yes / No
Off, 0.2 - 5 Mohm
Off, 0.2 - 5 Mohm
Yes / No (phase loss , Undervoltage)
Yes / No (Under Current)
PTC / NTC (optional)
Off, 0.1 - 10 Kohm
I / O Programming







SOLCON
Prog. Terminal # 7
Prog. Terminal # 8
Fault Relay
Imm Relay function
Imm Relay On Delay
Imm Relay Off Delay
Analogue Output
Energy Save, Slow Speed, Reset
Dual Adjustment, S.Spd.Reverse, Reset
Fault, Fault - fail safe
Immediate / Shearpin
Imm 0 - 60 sec. / Shearpin 0 - 5 sec.
Imm 0 - 5 sec. / Shearpin 0 - 5 sec.
Normal, Inverted
Communication Parameters




Drive number
Baud rate
Parity check
Serial link No.
0 - 999
1200 - 9600
Even / Odd
1 - 247 & Off
RS 485 with MODBUS RTU protocol can
control and supervise up to 32 starters
through a twisted pair.
A Windows based software for Setting,
Control & Supervision is available as an
option.
SOLCON
Statistical Data







SOLCON
Last start Period
Last start max. current
Total run time
Total number of starts
last trip
Trip current
Total number of trips
S
SOLCON
Ordering Information





SOLCON
Starter Current Rating: 8 - 2700A
Mains voltage: 220-240V, 380-440V, 460-500V, 660-690V, 1000V
Control voltage (terminals 1-3): 110-220V, 220-240V (DC by special order)
Control inputs (terminals 4-9): 24-48Vac, 110-240Vdc
Options: * Communication Board
( option # 3 )
* Motor Insulation Board
#4
* Analogue Board (cannot be used with # 4)
#5
* Special treatment for harsh environments # 8
* Preparation for by-pass (standard for size B)
#9
* Special width 536 mm (size C only)
#A
* Line & Load Bus-bars at bottom (size C, D only)
#B
* Door operated MMI, pre-ordered (size A-F)
#D
* Door operated Kit with additional MMI (size A-F)
# DK
* Back lit LCD
#L
* Lloyd’s ENV-1 & 2 Approval (8-1400A) # M
* Tachometer Input for special applications
#T
* UL and cUL approval
#U
Ordering Information
Specify :
RVS-DN 210 - 400 - 230 - 230 - 3+4+9 - S
Starter FLC
Mains voltage
Control voltage
Control supply
Options
Front Panel
STARTER FLC
MAINS VOLTAGE
CONTROL VOLTAGE
CONTROL INPUT
SERIAL NUMBER
SOLCON
A
72
400 V 50/60 Hz
230 V 50/60 Hz
50/60 Hz
230
V
1751
- 97
RVS-N
Analog Soft Starters
For Light Duty Industrial /
Commercial Applications
SOLCON
RVS-N Advantages





Heavy Duty Design: 400% In, 30 sec. at 50°C
Range: 8-170A, 220-600V
Second Generation Analog Field proven experience
Incorporating : Soft Start, Current Limit, Soft Stop, Motor Protection
Simple Installation and operation
UL
cUL
in process
SOLCON
Selector Guide
Starter
Frame
Motor HP
Type
Size
230V
460V
575V
RVS-N 8
A
2.5
5
7.5
RVS-N 17
5
10
15
RVS-N 31
10
20
30
RVS-N 44
15
30
40
RVS-N 58
20
40
50
RVS-N 72
25
50
60
RVS-N 105
B
40
75
100
RVS-N 145
50
100
125
RVS-N 170
60
125
150
Starter should be selected according to motor’s Full Load Amp and starting
conditions
SOLCON
Size A (8 - 72A)
Line
IP 20
Control terminals
(Plug-in)
Finger protected
for safe operation
SOLCON
LEDs for
status
display
Load
Wiring with Line & Bypass contactors
“Preparation for Bypass”
eliminates the need for
additional O / L
* Size B - Standard
* Size A - Optional
SOLCON
2
4
Neutral
1
Stop
Start
Fan
5
6
8
9
Fault
End of
Acc.
Control wiring - standard unit
10
11
a. Control voltage to the electronic circuitry is derived from three phase supply
b. Connect control voltage to operate the fan (RVS-N 44 and above)
c. Connect Neutral to terminal 6 to enable Phase Loss Protection (when Neutral
is not available or not connected to Terminal 6 starter may not detect Phase Loss
of lightly loaded motors.
d. Realys rating 8A, 250VAC, 2500VA
SOLCON
Easy Adjustments






Motor FLC
Initial Voltage
Current Limit
Ramp-up Time
50-100% Starter FLA setting *
10-50% Un
100-400% Motor FLA setting
2-30 sec.
Ramp-up Time
Overload Trip
2-30 sec.
115% Motor FLA setting, factory set.
* e.g. for motor 100A and Starter 105A, set 100 x 100 = 95%
105
SOLCON
Motor Protection



SOLCON
Electronic overload
Phase Loss
Heatsink Over Temperature
Ordering Information





SOLCON
Starter Current Rating 8 - 170A
Mains voltage: 220-240V, 380-440V, 460-500V, 575-600V
Fan voltage (RVS-N 44 and above): 110-220V, 220-240V
Frequency 50 (5) or 60 (6) Hz
Options: * Preparation for by-pass
(size A only, standard on size B) # 9
* UL and cUL approval
#U
Ordering Information
Specify :
RVS-N 170 - 400 / 6 - 230 - 9 - S
Starter FLC
Mains voltage
Frequency
Fan voltage
Options
Front Panel
STARTER FLC
MAINS VOLTAGE
CONTROL VOLTAGE
SERIAL NUMBER
SOLCON
A
72
400 V 50 / 60 Hz
230 V 60 Hz
1111 - 98
Solstart
Micro Soft Starter
For Commercial Applications
SOLCON
SOLSTART
“Solstart” Advantages







SOLCON
Max. Current:
Initial Volltage:
Ramp-up Time:
Ramp-down Time:
Starts per houre
Protection
Mounting
8, 17A
0 - 85%
1 - 5 Sec.
1 - 5 Sec.
60
IP 20
DIN Rail
Two-phase Control
Start
*
L
L11
L
L22
L3
a. Voltage is control no two phases only
b. Internal by-pass relays
U
SOLCON
V
W
Easy Adjustments
- 8A, 220-690V
- Soft Start
- Soft Stop
- Compact
- Easy to use
SOLCON
RVS-DN Applications
All types of standard 3 phase motors
 Pumps
 Fans and blowers
 Compressors
 Transport systems
 Conveyors
 Mills and extruders
 Weak mains and generator networks

SOLCON
Off Shore Applications
Pumps
 Fans and blowers
 Screw & Piston Compressors
 Powerpacks Multi-purpose
 Hydraulic Crane Powerpack
 Thrusters
 Main propulsion
 Weak generator systems
 Ballast Pumps

SOLCON
RVS-N Applications
Pumps
 Fans and blowers
 Compressors
 Transport systems
 Conveyors
 Weak mains and generator networks

SOLCON
Marine Installations
M/V Seaway Condor
 M/V Seaway Eagle
 M/S Arizona
 M/S Tromsbas
 M/S Siglar
 M/S Forde Jumior
 M/V Sprut
 M/S Leinebris

SOLCON
CGG Fohn
 M/S Ordinat
 M/S Havbas
 M/V Northern Eagle
 M/S Syclus
 M/S Forde
 M/S Botnica
 Twelve Torpedo Radars
 ZIM Hadera - Pending
 3 Italian Crude Oil carriers 3pc each

Marketing & Sales - End Users

SOLCON
Identifying potential customers - End Users
 Water Industry - Water & Waste water Utilities, Municipalities
 Industrial Customeras
• Cement - Conveyors, Pumps, Crushers, Compressors,
• Agrigates, Stone & Lime - Conveyors, Crushers
• Chemical & Petrochemical - Pumps, Fire fighting pumps,
Compressors, fans
• Animal food - Crushers, Palletizers
About this presentation
This presentation intends to show you the quality, sophistication,
functionality and reliability of our digital soft starters.
Thank you for joining our seminar.
Major parts of this Presentation were prepared by Henrik. L. Lillholt of
Denmark 1997. ©