MSc.It :- Ali Abdul Karem Habib
Kufa University / mathematics & Science Of Computer
QUEUE

Contains elements
that are inserted and
removed according to the first-in-first-out (FIFO)
principle .
Remove
ADD
FRONT
Rear
QUEUES OPERATIONS


It supports two fundamental methods:
 INSERT: insert an element at the end of the
queue
 DELETE: remove and return from the queue
the element at the front
Checking Conditions:
 Queue Overflow :If rear=maxsize
 Queue Empty: If front=-1
OPERATIONS ON QUEUES … CONT
The linear array queue has two pointer variables:
FRONT , containing location of front element ;
and REAR containing location of rear element.
 The new element will add itself from the 'rear'
end , then Queue's 'rear' value increments by
one .
 The element leave the queue from the 'front' end,
so queue the Queue's 'front' value increments
by one.

USING ARRAYS TO IMPLEMENT QUEUES
INSERTION ALGORITHM
This algorithm for Add new element in queue
Step1 : Start
Step2 : let queue[Size]
Step3 : let front=-1 , Rear=-1
// Initialization Queue
Step4 : if (rear = queue . Size ) Then
Step5 : print ( Queue Is Full“Data Is Data Over flow “)
Step6 : Else
rear=rear+1
Step7 : queue[rear]=item .
Step8 : if front = -1 Then
Step 9 : Front= 0
Step10: End

DELETE ALGORITHM
This algorithm to remove item from queue .
Step 1: Start
Step 2: if ( front = -1) then
Step 3: Print ( “ Queue Is Empty “ , “ Data Underflow “)
Step 4: else
print ( queue[front])
Step 5: if (front=rear ) then
Step 6: front = -1 , rear=-1
Step 7: Else
front =front+1
Step 8: End

APPLICATIONS OF QUEUE
 It
is used in scheduling the jobs to be
processed by the processor.
A
queue schedules the order of the print files
to be printed.
A
server maintains a queue of the client
requests to be processed
TYPES OF QUEUE
 Linear
Queue
 Circular
 Double
Queue
ended Queue
 Priority
Queue
CIRCULAR QUEUE
A
circular queue is a Queue but a
particular implementation of a queue.
 They have a circular structure .
 There is no space lost .
 Properties of this type of queue is :


Front pointing to the first item
Rear pointing to the last item .
When the rear arrived to end of queue make it
wrap to first of queue (rear =0) , also this with
front .
Queue
0
1
2
3
A
B
C
D
Front = 0
4
5
6
7
5
6
7
Rear= 3
0
1
2
3
C
D
Front = 2
0
1
4
Rear= 3
2
3
4
5
6
7
C
D
E
F
G
H
Rear= 7
Front = 2
I
Rear= 0
C
D
E
Front = 2
F
G
H
ALGORITHM INSERTION FOR CQ
Step 1: Start
Step 2: front = -1 , Rear =-1
Step 3: rear=rear+1
Step 4: if ( rear=CQ.Size ) then
Step 5: Let rear=0
Step 6: if ( rear = front and CQ[rear] Not null )
then
Step7: Print (“ Data CQ Is Overflow “ )
Step 8: else
CQ[Rear]=item
Step 9: End
ALGORITHM DELETE FOR CQ
Step 1: Start
Step 2: If (front= -1 ) then
Step 3: Print( CQ Is Empty )
Step 4: else
Print (CQ[front])
Step 5: if ( front = CQ.Size) then
Step 6: front =0
Step 7: else
front =front+1
Step 8: end
DOUBLE END QUEUE
It is a linear list in which elements are added or
removed at either end but not in middle.
 a double-ended queue is a data structure it supports
the following operations: enq_front, enq_back,
deq_front, deq_back.


DeQueue can be represented in two ways they are


1) Input restricted De-Queue :- allows insertions at only
one end but allows deletions on both ends of the list .
2) Output-restricted de-queue:- allows deletions at only
one end but allows insertions at both ends of the list.

Example
- We can delete X by F1 and add new element
after T by R1
 - We can delete T by F2 and add new element
after X by R2

PRIORITY QUEUE

A priority queue is a collection of elements such
that each element has been assigned a priority
and the order in which elements are deleted and
processed comes from the following rules:

(1) An element of higher priority is processed
before any element of lower priority.

(2) Two elements with the same priority are
processed according to the order in which they
were added to the queue.
ASSIGNMENT 5
Write Algorithm to insertion element into queue .
 Write algorithm to deletion element from queue .
 Write algorithm to insert element in to CQ .
 Write algorithm to delete element from CQ .
 Check the any number is palindrome Or not Using
DE-Q
