PanCanadian RDA Training Module:
Cataloguing with RDA:
Recording Relationships
Based on the LC RDA Training Modules on Recording
Relationships
Modified by:
Chris Oliver
McGill University Library
Canadian Committee on Cataloguing
chris.oliver@mcgill.ca
Acknowledgements
• with many thanks to the Library of Congress for allowing the
use and modification of their training modules:
Library of Congress. Module F. Relationships in bibliographic and authority
records. Module prepared as part of RDA Refresher Training at LC
(October 2011)
http://www.loc.gov/aba/rda/Refresher_training_oct_2011.html
Library of Congress. Module 4. Relationships. Module prepared as part of LC
RDA Training (June 2012)
http://www.loc.gov/catworkshop/RDA%20training%20materials/LC%20RDA%
20Training/LC%20RDA%20course%20table.html
• with many thanks to the copyright holders of RDA Toolkit for
permission to copy the RDA logo for educational purposes.
RDA Module - Relationships
2
Outline
• preamble: are relationships important?
– core relationships
– role of relationships
– relationships in a MARC environment
• relationships: 2 aspects
• overview of RDA relationships
– in RDA
– in MARC 21 environment (bibliographic records and
authority records)
RDA Module - Relationships
3
Categories of relationships
primary relationships
RDA section 5
wemi - 1 work
relationships between resource and person
RDA section 6
family
corporate body
relationships between works, expressions,
manifestations, and items
RDA section 8
relationships between persons, families, corporate bodies
RDA section 9
RDA Module - Relationships
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Core relationships
0.6.5 primary relationships
core = work manifested
core if = if more than 1 expression of work –
expression manifested
» » » only predominant or first-named
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Core relationships
0.6.6 relationships between resource and person, family, and
corporate body
core = creator (person, family, corporate body)
core if = other person, family, or corporate body
if needed to construct the authorized
access point representing the work
for example, defendant, appellant
» » » principle responsibility or first-named
RDA Module - Relationships
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Core relationships
0.6.7 subject relationships
core = one subject relationship
0.6.8 relationships between works, expressions,
manifestations, and items
no core relationships
0.6.9 relationships between persons, families, and corporate
bodies
no core relationships
* * * LC Core – some additional relationships beyond RDA core
RDA Module - Relationships
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Are relationships important?
• FRBR and FRAD models:
entities -- attributes -- relationships between the entities
• RDA emphasizes the existence and recording of
relationships
• precise relationships
» better navigation
» better collocation
» better resource discovery for user
RDA Module - Relationships
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We know about relationships
entity
RDA Module - Relationships
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RDA: more relationships
entity
RDA Module - Relationships
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RDA: precise types of relationship
entity
RDA Module - Relationships
11
Relationships + MARC 21
FRBR, FRAD
importance of
RDA
relationships
implementing RDA
in a MARC
environment
not obvious
appear to be unimportant
RDA Module - Relationships
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AACR2 + MARC 21
for example
name of a person ------- title of book
AACR2 + MARC 21
• type of relationship may be embedded in text of
bibliographic description
and/or
• bibliographic record contains a field with the
authorized access point for the person and a field
with the title of the book
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MARC wrapper
100 1 $a Leacock, Stephen, $d 1869-1944.
245 10 $a Sunshine sketches of a little town.
260
$a Toronto : $McClelland & Stewart, $c
1931.
no relationships mentioned:
creator – work
work – expression – manifestation
infer relationships
RDA Module - Relationships
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RDA + MARC 21
for example
name of a person ------- title of book
RDA + MARC 21
• type of relationship may be embedded in text of
manifestation elements
and/or
• bibliographic record contains a field with the
authorized access point for the person and a field
with the title of the manifestation
• may use relationship designators to define
relationship
RDA Module - Relationships
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RDA + MARC 21
bibliographic record
100 1 $a Leacock, Stephen, $d 1869-1944, $e author.
245 10 $a Sunshine sketches of a little town.
264 1 $a Toronto : $McClelland & Stewart, $c 1931.
part of a MARC record (intended for illustration only)
• in RDA context, unlikely to have no statement of responsibility
• RDA record would contain additional data about the work
manifested
• but even if there were no other data, relationship can be
defined precisely
RDA Module - Relationships
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RDA + post MARC 21
for example
name of a person ------- title of book
RDA + post MARC 21 record environment
• data about entities
• data about relationships
• no MARC record wrapper
• data about the resource holds together through the
defined relationships
RDA Module - Relationships
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date of birth -- 1869
date of death -- 1944
country – Canada
profession – author, professor
affiliation – McGill University
work – Sunshine sketches
of a little town
author
Person – Stephen Leacock
realized
author
Text
English
autographer
work – Afternoons in Utopia
Text
French
manifested
spoken word
manifestation – Sunshine
sketches of a little town
Toronto : McClelland &
Stewart, 1931
editor
item – signed
copy
exemplar
RDA Module - Relationships
Lahontan’s voyages
18
) used by permission of the
Co-Publishers for RDA
(American Library
Association, Canadian
Library Association, and
CILIP: Chartered Institute
of Library and Information
Professionals)
RDA Module - Relationships
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Relationships: 2 aspects
entity A
relationship
entity B
work
relationship
expression
work
relationship
person
work X
relationship
work Y
corporate body A relationship
RDA Module - Relationships
corporate body B
20
“Justification”
AACR2
• description
• main + added entries
• justification for main and added entries
in the description
RDA
• access point does not require
justification within “the description”
• data elements are distinct, defined
and independent
RDA Module - Relationships
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Relationships: 2 aspects
entity A
relationship C
entity B
work
realization
expression
work
created by
person
work X
parody of
work Y
corporate body A successor of
RDA Module - Relationships
corporate body B
22
Relationship designators
• use of relationship designators
• RDA appendices I, J, and K
for example:
Appendix I, I.2.1, Relationship designators for creators
artist
author
cartographer
compiler
enacting jurisdiction
photographer
programmer
RDA Module - Relationships
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Relationship designators
• use of relationship designators
• RDA appendices I, J, and K
for example:
Appendix I, I.3.1, Relationship designators for persons,
families and corporate bodies associated with an expression
arranger of music
costume designer
performer
actor
conductor
moderator
narrator
RDA Module - Relationships
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Relationship designators
• use of relationship designators
• RDA appendices I, J, and K
for example:
Appendix J, J.2.2, Derivative work relationships
based on
abridgement of
adaptation of
dramatization of
motion picture adaptation of
indexing for
musical setting of
RDA Module - Relationships
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Relationship designators
• use of relationship designators
• RDA appendices I, J, and K
for example:
Appendix K, K.2.1, person to other person
alternate identity
real identity
Appendix K, K.2.2, person to family
family member
progenitor
Appendix K, K.2.3, person to corporate body
employee
founder
incumbent
RDA Module - Relationships
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Relationship designators
• RDA appendices I, J, and K
o not closed lists
o possible to suggest other terms
o use of relationship designator -- not core
Library of Congress’ Policy and Standards Division has
volunteered to be recipient for new suggestions.
• if term is missing, decide on a term and notify PSD
LChelp4rda@loc.gov
• LC policy: decisions in some LC-PCC PS; otherwise,
cataloger judgment to use
RDA Module - Relationships
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MARC + relationship designators
relationship designators in MARC records
>>> added to authorized access point for:
person, family or corporate body
• use $e in 1XX or 7XX for bibliographic
records
• do not use $e in authority records
RDA Module - Relationships
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MARC + relationship designators
relationship designators in MARC records
>>> added to authorized access point for:
related works and expressions
• use $i in bibliographic records
access points, linking fields
except if MARC coding already
indicates relationship
• do not use in 1XX of authority records
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MARC + relationship designators
relationship designators in MARC records
>>> in authority records:
related persons, families, corporate bodies
related works, expressions
• use $i in 5XX of authority records
except if MARC coding already
indicates relationship
RDA Module - Relationships
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Exercises
• Exercises
exercise 1
exercise 2 (requires access to Toolkit)
RDA Module - Relationships
31
Primary relationships
primary relationships = relationship between a work
and its expression, manifestations,
and items
work
expression
manifestation
item item
expression
manifestation
item item item
manifestation
expression
manifestation
item item item item item
RDA Module - Relationships
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Record the relationship
signal the existence of a relationship between entities
RDA 17.4
techniques to record primary relationships:
• identifier
ISBN, ISMW, URI
• authorized access point for work or expression
and/or
• composite description
(describe manifestation and then add one or more
elements identifying the work, expression, item)
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MARC 21 + primary
• MARC 21 does not have a design that is suitable for recording
the primary relationships
• most primary relationships are not explicitly recorded
• relationships are inferred from other data elements in
composite descriptions
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RDA +MARC 21
bibliographic record
100 1 $a Leacock, Stephen, $d 1869-1944, $e author.
245 10 $a Sunshine sketches of a little town.
264 1 $a Toronto : $McClelland & Stewart, $c 1931.
• no explicit relationship between the work and the expression
• no explicit relationship between the expression and the
manifestation
• relationship between the manifestation and the item would
be in a holdings record/item record
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P/F/CB relationship to resource
person
family
corporate body
work
expression
manifestation
item
RDA Module - Relationships
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Record the relationship
signal the existence of a relationship between entities
RDA 18.4
techniques to record persons, families and corporate bodies
associated with the resource:
• identifier
LAC control number
and/or
• authorized access point for person, family or corporate body
relationship designators in appendix I
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MARC 21 + relationships
in MARC 21 environment, use:
authorized access point for person, family or corporate body
or
authorized access point and identifier (never identifier alone)
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MARC 21: P/F/CB and work
• authorized access point
• how many???
no more “rule of three”
• RDA core, LC core
• policy at one’s own library
• cataloguer judgment
creator (RDA 19.2)
• 1 creator
• more than 1 creator
• may use relationship designators $e
RDA Module - Relationships
1XX
1XX and 7XX
39
MARC 21: P/F/CB and work
• creator -- core = principal or first named (RDA 19.2)
100 1 $a Leacock, Stephen, $d 1896-1944, $e author.
100 1 $a Gould, Glenn, $d 1932-1982, $e composer.
100 1 $a Gillis, Margie, $e choreographer.
(original work)
110 2 $a Ontario, $e enacting jurisdiction.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
100 1 $a Edwards, Gail, $e author.
245 10 $a Picturing Canada : $b a history of Canadian children’s
illustrated books and publishing / $c Gail Edwards and
Judith Saltman.
700 1 $a Saltman, Judith, $e author
RDA Module - Relationships
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MARC 21: P/F/CB and work
• others associated with a work (RDA 19.3)
• not core; follow policy or cataloguer judgment
700 1 $a Leacock, Stephen, $d 1896-1944, $e addressee.
710 2 $a McCord Museum, $e host institution.
710 2 $a Royal Canadian Geographical Society, $e issuing body.
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MARC 21: P/F/CB and expression
• contributor to the expression (RDA 20.2)
700 1 $a Leacock, Stephen, $d 1896-1944, $e editor.
700 1 $a Gould, Glenn, $d 1932-1982, $e performer.
700 1 $a Gillis, Margie, $e dancer.
700 1 $a Martchenko, Michael, $e illustrator.
700 1 $a Saint Germain, Michel, $e translator.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
100 1 $a Munsch, Robert N., $d 1945- $e author.
245 10 $a Moira’s birthday / $c story by Robert Munsch ; art by
Michael Martchenko.
700 1 $a Martchenko, Michael, $e illustrator.
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MARC 21: P/F/CB and expression
• do not require justification
for example, if there is no statement about the illustrator
in the description, one can still have the 700
100 1 $a Munsch, Robert N., $d 1945- $e author.
245 10 $a Moira’s birthday / $c story by Robert Munsch.
700 1 $a Martchenko, Michael, $e illustrator.
also possible, but Martchenko relationship is less clear for user:
100 1 $a Munsch, Robert N., $d 1945245 10 $a Moira’s birthday / $c story by Robert Munsch.
700 1 $a Martchenko, Michael.
RDA Module - Relationships
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MARC 21: P/F/CB + manifestation
• roles that change from one manifestation to another:
for example: producer *
publisher *
broadcaster
manufacturer *
engraver
printer
distributor *
film distributor
*** terms with asterisk cannot be used as relationship
designators because they are already RDA elements
RDA Module - Relationships
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MARC 21: P/F/CB + manifestation
264 3 $a Vancouver : $b Heavenly Monkey, $c 2003.
710 2 $a Heavenly Monkey (Firm), $e printer.
264 1 $a Winnipeg : $b Centre for Rupert’s Land Studies at the
University of Winnipeg, $c 2009.
710 2 $a Centre for Rupert’s Land Studies.
do not include a relationship designator for “publisher”
RDA Module - Relationships
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MARC 21: P/F/CB + item
• roles that change from one item to another:
for example: former owner
annotator
binder
curator
561
$a Author’s signed presentation copy to Hugh and Tota
MacLennan. $5 CaQMM
700 1 $a MacLennan, Hugh, $d 1907-1990, $e former owner.
$5 CaQMM
RDA Module - Relationships
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Exercises
• Exercises
exercise 3 (requires access to Toolkit)
exercise 4 (requires access to Toolkit)
RDA Module - Relationships
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Related resources
work
expression
manifestation
item
work
expression
manifestation
item
related works
related expressions
related manifestations
related items
RDA 25
RDA 26
RDA 27
RDA 28
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Record the relationship
signal the existence of a relationship between entities
RDA 24.4
recording relationships between works, expressions,
manifestations and items:
• identifier
ISSN, ISBN, URI
• authorized access point for related work or expression
and/or
• description of related work, expression, manifestation, or item
• structured or unstructured
relationship designators in appendix J
RDA Module - Relationships
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Related works
types of relationships:
• derivative
adaptations
libretto based on
parodies
• descriptive (subject)
• whole-part
contains/contained in
series
RDA Module - Relationships
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Related works
• accompanying
concordance
finding aid
supplement
• sequential
continues
sequel to
supersedes
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MARC 21 + related works
• identifier in addition to access point (never alone):
for example, OCLC record number
• authorized access point
• structured description:
formal note or linking fields
• unstructured description:
narrative note
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MARC 21 + related work
Derivative relationship:
100 1 $a Mitchell, Ken, $d 1940245 14 $a The heroic adventures of Donny Coyote / $c Ken
Mitchell.
264 1 $a Regina : $b Coteau Books, $c [2003].
500
$a Based on Don Quixote, by Miguel de Cervantes
Saavedra.
700 1 $i Based on: $a Cervantes Saavedra, Miguel de, $d 15471616. $t Don Quixote.
unstructured description and authorized access point
with relationship designator (500 not required)
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MARC 21 + related work
Whole-part relationship:
100 1 $a Pollock, Sharon.
245 10 $a Sharon Pollock : $b three plays / $c introductory essay
by Sherrill Grace.
264 1 $a Toronto : $b Playwrights Canada Press, $c 2003.
505 0 $a Moving pictures -- End dreams -- Angel's trumpet.
700 12 $a Pollock, Sharon. $t Moving pictures.
700 12 $a Pollock, Sharon. $t End dreams
700 12 $a Pollock, Sharon. $t Angel’s trumpet
505 = structured description – not required
no relationship designators because 700 2nd ind = 2
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MARC 21 + related work
Sequential relationship:
245 00 $a Canadian journal of communication.
780 00 $t Media probe $x 0384-1618 $w (OCoLC)3227428
linking field=structured description
two identifiers
do not need relationship designator because of MARC
coding of indicators in 780: 1st ind= display note
2nd ind=“continues”
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Related expressions
• same types of relationships as related works
• some common expression relationships:
derivative
revision
edition
translation
whole/part for example, translations in a compilation
RDA Module - Relationships
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MARC 21 + related expression
whole-part
245 00 $a Two novels from ancient Greece : $b Chariton's
Callirhoe and Xenophon of Ephesos' An Ephesian story:
Anthia and Habrocomes / $c translated, with introduction
and notes, by Stephen M. Trzaskoma.
700 02 $a Chariton. $t De Chaerea et Callirrhoe. $l English
700 02 $a Xenophon, $c of Ephesus. $t Ephesiaca. $l English.
700 1 $a Trzaskoma, Stephen, $e translator.
access points representing the expressions contained in whole
do not need relationship designators for the two expressions
RDA Module - Relationships
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MARC 21 + related expression
relationship between different language editions
245 00 $a Canadian minerals yearbook.
580
$a Issued also in French with title: Annuaire des
minéraux du Canada.
775 0 $t Annuaire des minéraux du Canada. $w (DLC)
91647534 $w (OCoLC)24705884
unstructured description
structured description: 775
2 identifiers
2nd ind of 775 = Other edition available
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MARC 21 + related expression
translation
100 1 $a Leacock, Stephen, $d 1869-1944.
240 10 $a Sunshine sketches of a little town. $l French
245 13 $a Un été à Mariposa : croquis en clin d’oeil / $c Stephen
Leacock ; traduit du canadien-anglais par Élise de
Bellefeuille et Michel St-Germain.
700 1 $i Translation of: $a Leacock, Stephen, $d 1869-1944.
Sunshine sketches of a little town.
100 + 240 = authorized access point representing the expression
700 = authorized access point - relationship of expression to work
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MARC 21 + related expression
translation
100 1 $a Leacock, Stephen, $d 1869-1944.
240 10 $a Sunshine sketches of a little town. $l French
245 13 $a Un été à Mariposa : croquis en clin d’oeil / $c Stephen
Leacock ; traduit du canadien-anglais par Élise de
Bellefeuille et Michel St-Germain.
500 $a Translation of: Sunshine sketches of a little town /
Stephen Leacock.
100 + 240 = authorized access point representing the expression
500 = structured description
(instead could have structured description in 765)
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MARC 21 + related expression
translation
100 1 $a Leacock, Stephen, $d 1869-1944.
240 10 $a Sunshine sketches of a little town. $l French
245 13 $a Un été à Mariposa : croquis en clin d’oeil / $c Stephen
Leacock ; traduit du canadien-anglais par Élise de
Bellefeuille et Michel St-Germain.
500 $a Translation of author’s novel, Sunshine sketches of a
little town.
100 + 240 = authorized access point representing the expression
500 = unstructured description
RDA Module - Relationships
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Related manifestation
• some common related manifestation relationships:
equivalent
reproduction
electronic reproduction
reprint
also issued as
whole-part
inserts
special issues
accompanying
issued with
*** do not use authorized access points
RDA Module - Relationships
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MARC 21 + related manifestation
equivalent manifestation
245 00 $a |a Canadian journal of criminology = |b Revue
canadienne de criminologie.
300 $a 1 online resource (21 volumes)
776 08 $i Electronic reproduction of (manifestation): $t
Canadian journal of criminology $x 0704-9722 $w (DLC)
80640888 $w (OCoLC)3563755
accompanying
501 $a Filmed with: _______________________ .
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Related item
• some common related item relationships:
equivalent
reproduction of a specific copy
electronic reproduction
facsimile
whole-part
contains
accompanying
bound with
*** do not use authorized access points
usually local information
RDA Module - Relationships
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MARC 21 + related item
when it only applies to a specific item (copy specific)
501 $a Bound with: ____________________ . $5 CaQMM
501 $a With: ___________________ . Bound together
subsequent to publication. $5 CaQMM
relationship of manifestation to item of another manifestation:
245 10 $a Madame Bovary : $b reproduction au trait de l’original
de 1857 annoté par Gustave Flaubert / Gustave Flaubert ;
postface d’Yvan Leclerc.
500 $a Reproduction of the copy of the original 1857 edition
marked by Flaubert's own highlighting and commenting …
RDA Module - Relationships
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Exercises
• Exercises
exercise 5 (requires access to Toolkit)
RDA Module - Relationships
66
Relationships between P/F/CB
person
family
corporate body
person
family
corporate body
related persons
RDA 30
related families
RDA 31
related corporate bodies RDA 32
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Record the relationship
signal the existence of a relationship between entities
RDA 29.4
recording relationships between persons, families and
corporate bodies:
• identifier
Union List of Artist Names ID
and/or
• authorized access point for related person, family or
corporate body
RDA Module - Relationships
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MARC 21+ relationships between P/F/CB
•
•
•
•
relationships recorded in authority records
recorded in 5XX fields
do not use identifier alone
may use relationship designators
if not already indicated by MARC coding
RDA Module - Relationships
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MARC 21+ relationships between P/F/CB
relationship designators in $i
if not already indicated by MARC coding, for example, $w
person to person
100 1 $a Carroll, Lewis, $d 1832-1898.
500 1 $w r $i Real identity: $a Dodgson, Charles Lutwidge, $d
1832-1898.
$w r = relationship designation is in $i
RDA Module - Relationships
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Relationships between P/F/CB
corporate body to corporate body
110 2
510 2
510 2
or
110 2
510 2
510 2
$a Library and Archives Canada
$w a $a National Archives of Canada
$w a $a National Library of Canada
$a Library and Archives Canada
$w r $i Predecessor: $a National Archives of Canada
$w r $i Predecessor: $a National Library of Canada
RDA Module - Relationships
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Relationships between P/F/CB
person to corporate body
100 1# $a Leacock, Stephen, $d 1869-1944.
510 2# $w r $i Employer: $a McGill University
person to family
100 1# $a Carroll, Charles N. $q (Charles Nagus), $d 1817-1902
500 3# $w r $i Descendants: $a Carroll (Family : $g Carroll,
Charles N. (Charles Negus), 1817-1902)
RDA Module - Relationships
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Relationships demand attention
•
•
•
•
important for resource discovery
not always obvious in MARC environment
crucial in post-MARC environment
during RDA implementation, attention tends to focus
on entities and attributes
• don’t forget to think in terms of relationships
between entities
RDA Module - Relationships
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References
Based on:
Library of Congress. Module F. Relationships in bibliographic and authority
records. Module prepared as part of RDA Refresher Training at LC (October
2011) http://www.loc.gov/aba/rda/Refresher_training_oct_2011.html
Also:
Document R-5 on LC policy for encoding information in
MARC bibliographic and authority records
Document R-6: name authority record examples
Also all modules, documents and exercises prepared for refresher:
http://www.loc.gov/aba/rda/Refresher_training_oct_2011.html
Also:
Examples folders on LC RDA site:
http://www.loc.gov/aba/rda/training_examples.html
And:
Library of Congress. Module 4. Relationships (June 2012)
http://www.loc.gov/catworkshop/RDA%20training%20materials/LC%20RDA%
20Training/LC%20RDA%20course%20table.html
RDA Module - Relationships
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References
•
Library of Congress. Module 5. Relationships. Module prepared by the Library of
Congress for the Georgia Public Library Cataloging Summit (August 2011)
Also all modules, documents and exercises prepared for the Summit:
http://www.loc.gov/aba/rda/Georgia_training_aug_2011.html
•
PCC Interim Policies and Best Practices.
http://www.loc.gov/aba/pcc/rda/RDA%20Interim%20Policies%20and%20Best
%20Practices.html
•
RDA in MARC, October 2012.
http://www.loc.gov/marc/RDAinMARC-10-12.html
•
RDA Toolkit. Access at http://access.rdatoolkit.org/ (subscription required beyond
table of contents)
•
RDA Record Examples (prepared by PCC)
http://www.loc.gov/catworkshop/RDA%20training%20materials/SCT%20RD
A%20Records%20TG/index.html
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