Altai Super WiFi
Altai Super WiFi
Altai Certification Training
WiFi Network Optimization
Professional Services
Altai Technologies Limited
1
Not for Distribution – Altai Confidential
Module Outline
•
•
•
•
Altai Super WiFi
Altai Super WiFi
Problem
Coverage
Channel Usage and Capacity
Noise and interference
2
Not for Distribution – Altai Confidential
Customer complain item
•
•
•
•
Altai Super WiFi
Altai Super WiFi
No coverage
Cannot connect
Low Throughput
Easily to lose the connection
3
Not for Distribution – Altai Confidential
Reason
Altai Super WiFi
Altai Super WiFi
• Coverage issue
• Channel Usage and Capacity
• Noise or interference
4
Not for Distribution – Altai Confidential
Altai Super WiFi
Altai Super WiFi
Coverage
5
Not for Distribution – Altai Confidential
Coverage issue
Altai Super WiFi
Altai Super WiFi
How to find out
- Coverage mapping (drive test)
- Customer complain
- AP MCS statistic
Solution
- Adjust antenna direction, tilt or height to focus on
weak coverage location
- Adding new sites
- Adding C1n-C1n back to back pair
6
Not for Distribution – Altai Confidential
AP MCS Statistic (Good)
Altai Super WiFi
Altai Super WiFi
7
Not for Distribution – Altai Confidential
MCS Throughput Table
Altai Super WiFi
Altai Super WiFi
8
Not for Distribution – Altai Confidential
AP MCS Statistic (Bad)
Altai Super WiFi
Altai Super WiFi
9
Not for Distribution – Altai Confidential
Coverage issue
Altai Super WiFi
Altai Super WiFi
How to find out
- Coverage mapping (drive test)
- Customer complain
- AP MCS statistic
Solution
- Adjust antenna direction, tilt or height to focus on
weak coverage location
- Adding new sites
- Adding C1n-C1n back to back pair
10
Not for Distribution – Altai Confidential
Adjust antenna tilt
Altai Super WiFi
Altai Super WiFi
• Increase antenna down tilt to focus on the nearby region and coverage.
• Scenario 1 (h =500m)
Original down tile = 500m, h = 80m
 =9
d = 500m, d1 = 290m, d2 = 1,479m
 =9 
h
Increase down tilt to 15
d = 298m, d1 = 198m, d2 = 500m
d
d1
d2
Not for Distribution – Altai Confidential
11
Adjust antenna tilt
Altai Super WiFi
Altai Super WiFi
• Increase antenna down tilt to focus on the nearby region and coverage.
• Scenario 1 (h =500m)
Original down tile = 500m, h = 80m
 =9
d = 500m, d1 = 290m, d2 = 1,479m
15
h
Increase down tilt to 15
d = 298m, d1 = 198m, d2 = 500m
d
d1
d2
Not for Distribution – Altai Confidential
12
Coverage mapping result
Altai Super WiFi
Altai Super WiFi
Coverage
hole
13
Not for Distribution – Altai Confidential
C1n back to back diagram
Altai Super WiFi
Altai Super WiFi
C1n back to back is that one C1n work as CPE (station) mode to connect to the
A8n/A8-Ein which maybe far away, then other C1n which will work as AP connect to the
C1n CPE via Ethernet cable and PoE adaptor provide the WiFi for the area where the
A8n/A8-Ein can not cover.
A8n/A8-Ein
C1n CPE
C1n AP
14
Not for Distribution – Altai Confidential
14
C1n-C1n corner shop
Enhance coverage
Altai Super WiFi
Altai Super WiFi
Connect with A8Ein in tower
C1 CPE
C1 AP
15
Not for Distribution – Altai Confidential
Altai Super WiFi
New A8Ein vs C1n CPE-C1n AP Altai
Super WiFi
New site configuration
Coverage
Increase total network capacity
Remote AWMS management
Site requirement
Backhaul
Power requirement
Hardware cost
Installation cost
Adding new A8Ein
Large
Yes
Yes
C1n CPE -C1n AP
Medium (Stree level)
No
Yes
Low (Corner shop or
High (Rooftop or tower)
lamp post)
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Normal
Low
Normal
Low
16
Not for Distribution – Altai Confidential
Altai Super WiFi
Altai Super WiFi
Channel Usage and Capacity
17
Not for Distribution – Altai Confidential
Channel Usage from A8Ein
Altai Super WiFi
Altai Super WiFi
Tx + Rx < Busy %
The other AP and client occupy part of radio air time
18
Not for Distribution – Altai Confidential
Channel Usage
Altai Super WiFi
Altai Super WiFi
How to find out
- From A8Ein Channel Usage Statistic
Continuous high channel usage (>90%) leads to low
user throughput, high latency.
The channel usage is by AP itself or other AP.
- AP itself -> capacity issue
- Other AP -> channel usage issue
19
Not for Distribution – Altai Confidential
Channel Usage
Altai Super WiFi
Altai Super WiFi
Solution
- Change the frequency
- Adjust antenna direction, tilt or height to limit the
exposure of antenna from of AP traffic
20
Not for Distribution – Altai Confidential
Frequency Scanning Result
Altai Super WiFi
Altai Super WiFi
21
Not for Distribution – Altai Confidential
Capacity
Altai Super WiFi
Altai Super WiFi
Solution
- Adding new sites
- Adding new A8Ein in the same site
- With smaller coverage and focus on high user
density area
- AirFi
- It will increase the overall base station
throughput but not making every client happy
22
Not for Distribution – Altai Confidential
Adding new A8Ein in same tower
Altai Super WiFi
Altai Super WiFi
35m
Overload Existing A8Ein
25m
New A8Ein to focus on smaller area to absorb traffic
200m
500m
23
Not for Distribution – Altai Confidential
Altai Super WiFi
Altai Super WiFi
Noise and Interference
24
Not for Distribution – Altai Confidential
Noise and Interference
Altai Super WiFi
Altai Super WiFi
2.4GHz is sharing band
Noise level increase as number of WiFi AP and
client increase. No particular source.
Interference is coming from particular source, e.g.
high power transmitter (non-standard compliance
device)
25
Not for Distribution – Altai Confidential
Noise Level
Altai Super WiFi
Altai Super WiFi
Noise level is available from A8Ein Web GUI or
AWMS.
26
Not for Distribution – Altai Confidential
Frequency Scan
Altai Super WiFi
Altai Super WiFi
Frequency scan to retune the frequency
27
Not for Distribution – Altai Confidential
Interference
Altai Super WiFi
Altai Super WiFi
• Interference is coming from particular source, e.g. high
power transmitter (non-standard compliance device)
• Interference is very rare case. Nearly all cases in
undeveloped countries that many high power nonstandard compliance transmitter existed.
• Need to find out the interference source to eliminate or
avoid it.
• Handheld spectrum analyzer to locate the source.
28
Not for Distribution – Altai Confidential
Normal 802.11n spectrum
Altai Super WiFi
Altai Super WiFi
29
Not for Distribution – Altai Confidential
Spectrum for
audio video transmitter
Altai Super WiFi
Altai Super WiFi
3 peaks narrow band signal. Constant transmitting.
30
Not for Distribution – Altai Confidential
Spectrum for
microwave oven
Altai Super WiFi
Altai Super WiFi
Very wide band and mountain shape. Continue for a few minutes.
31
Not for Distribution – Altai Confidential
Interference - Solutions
Altai Super WiFi
Altai Super WiFi
Illegal transmitter or malfunction transmitter
- ask the owner to turn it off and fix it
Interference source cannot b eliminated -> avoid it
• turn AP antenna direction back to the interface
source
• metal grid between AP antenna and interference
source
• Move the antenna sites to other location
32
Not for Distribution – Altai Confidential
Altai Super WiFi
Altai Super WiFi
A2 and PTP link optimization
33
Not for Distribution – Altai Confidential
A2 PTP Link Status between
JAD-0002 and JAD-MCO
A2 on JAD-0002 with IP address
10.119.4.103
Altai Super WiFi
Altai Super WiFi
A2 on JAD-MCO with IP address
10.119.4.124
34
Not for Distribution – Altai Confidential
Altai Super WiFi
Altai Super WiFi
Thank You
35
Not for Distribution – Altai Confidential
QPSK and Phase relationship
Altai Super WiFi
Altai Super WiFi
36
Not for Distribution – Altai Confidential
BPSK 16QAM
Altai Super WiFi
Altai Super WiFi
37
Not for Distribution – Altai Confidential
Bit rate for modulation
Altai Super WiFi
Altai Super WiFi
38
Not for Distribution – Altai Confidential
Altai A8Ein and C1n Rx Sensitivity
2.4 GHz
11b
MCS
11g
11b/g/n,
HT20,
SGI
0 (BPSK ½)
1 (QPSK ½)
2 (QPSK ¾)
3 (16QAM ½)
4 (16 QAM ¾)
5 (64QAM ½)
6 (64QAM ¾)
7 (64 QAM 5/6)
8 (BPSK ½)
9 (QPSK ½)
10 (QPSK ¾)
11 (16QAM ½)
12 (16 QAM ¾)
13 (64QAM ½)
14 (64QAM ¾)
15(64 QAM 5/6)
Data rate
1
2
5.5
11
6
9
12
18
24
36
48
54
7
14
22
29
43
58
65
72
14
29
43
58
87
116
130
144
Throughput
0.7
1.2
3
5
2
3
4
7
9
13
18
20
4
9
13
17
26
35
39
43
9
17
26
35
52
69
78
87
A8n Rx Sensitivity
-95
-94
-92
-90
-93
-93
-93
-92
-89
-85
-81
-80
-94
-93
-90
-87
-84
-81
-79
-77
-91
-90
-88
-84
-81
-78
-76
-74
C1n Rx Sensitivity
-96
-95
-94
-91
-94
-94
-94
-93
-90
-87
-83
-81
-94
-93
-91
-88
-85
-81
-79
-77
-93
-91
-88
-85
-82
-78
-76
-75
Not for Distribution – Altai Confidential
Altai Super WiFi
Altai Super WiFi
Higher the data rate,
Higher RX sensitivity
39
Tools
Altai Super WiFi
Altai Super WiFi
• InSSider – Free, mapping and DL RSSI checking
• Fluke AirCheck
– General DL RSSI checking
– Check DL Noise and SNR
– Check channel usage (incl. non-WiFi usage)
• MetaGeek Chanalzer
– For locating interference, very rare to use in
real operation
40
Not for Distribution – Altai Confidential