SLEEP APNEA
By Connor Gibbons
What is Sleep Apnea?
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The stopping or halt of breathing during sleep
Sleep depravation and oxygen depravation
Testing is called a polysomnography
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t2H-deTALsY
There are three types:
▫ Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA)
▫ Central Sleep Apnea (CSA)
▫ Mixed Sleep Apnea (MSA)
Obstructive Sleep Apnea
• Muscles that hold the airways
open during the day relax and
collapse on each other
• Due to the airway becoming
smaller, the relaxed muscles
create snoring
• Most common type of sleep
apnea
• Healed by CPAP (Continuous
Positive Airway Pressure)
Central Sleep Apnea
• Brain forgets to tell the lungs to
breathe
• Breathing stops, airway open
• Gasp for air to restart the breathing
process
• More likely in males
• Congestive heart disorder or arterial
fibrillation
• Smoking
• Also healed with CPAP
• Five types
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High altitude periodic breathing
Idiopathic central sleep apnea
Shea and Stokes respiration
Medical condition induced apnea
Drug or substance induced apnea
Mixed Sleep Apnea
• Combination of the other two
types
• Again, healed with CPAP
• The brain alerts the body to
wake up when noticing low
oxygen, either from the airway
being open or closed and
ceasing to breathe
Causes of sleep apnea
• Overweight, fat tissue makes
the wall of the windpipe
thicker
• Tongue or tonsils are large
compared to your windpipe
• Body structure, size of your
head/neck may shrink your
windpipe
• As we age our brain’s ability to
stiffen the muscles in our neck
decreases
Treatments of sleep apnea
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CPAP
EPAP
Assorted pills/medications
TransOral Robotic Surgery
▫ Creating a large opening
in the throat, meant more
for OSA
CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway
Pressure)
• Splits the airways to prevent
them from narrowing or
closing
• Comes with a humidifier to
prevent dryness
• Given to patients after testing
positive during a
polysomnography
EPAP (Expiratory Positive Airway
Pressure)
• New treatment released by the
FDA
• Single –use, put one over each
nostril before you go to sleep
• Allows air freely into the nose
but when it leaves it needs to
pass through small holes
• Creates pressure, keep airway
open
Bibliography
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4H3l0PeJJKM
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=inmop4Kv8PI
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WA1cQ4iNwkQ
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XTs5v5ZABRw
http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/sleepapnea/causes.html
http://www.sleep-apnea-guide.com/images/sleep-apnea-11.jpg
http://middlesexhospital.org/our-services/hospital-services/da-vinci-robot-assisted-surgery/da-vinci-robot-assisted-sleepapnea-surgery/da-vinci-robot-assisted-sleep-apnea-surgery?_vsrefdom=daVinciSleepApneaGoogle&gclid=CJmX7b79rMCFQ-e4AodDX0A2Q
http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/sleep-apnea/DS00148/DSECTION=treatments-and-drugs
PICTURES
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http://www.google.com/imgres?q=old+people&num=10&um=1&hl=en&safe=off&tbo=d&biw=1280&bih=929&tbm=isch&tbnid=
T_R4BcWY4TsSUM:&imgrefurl=http://www.madatoms.com/site/blog/old-people-arestoned&docid=whUJpdBZK6cxTM&imgurl=http://www.madatoms.com/uploads/content/images/backgrounds/large/article_Old
PeopleStoned.jpg&w=1053&h=588&ei=asi4UMDcFoup0AGi_4DIBw&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=308&sig=113058211103419897758&s
qi=2&page=1&tbnh=132&tbnw=224&start=0&ndsp=36&ved=1t:429,r:3,s:0,i:158&tx=155&ty=40
http://fitbie.msn.com/sites/default/files/fat-laws-art_0.jpg
http://www.via-christi.org/images/VCHCwhatisOSA.jpg
http://www.diattorney.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/sleep-apnea-disability-benefits-claim.jpg
http://www.nationwidemedical.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/patient_cpap_frustrated.png
http://montgomery-al-dentist.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/snoring.jpg
http://www.cartoonstock.com/lowres/aba0672l.jpg
http://www.drrespiratory.net/images/sleep-apnea-cartoon.jpg
http://www.mysleepapneatest.com/files/the_nose_diagram.jpg
http://www.proventtherapy.com/images/hcp/provent-therapy-mechanism-of-action.jpg
http://www.sleepdt.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/ScreenShot304.png