Herpes Viruses
Herpes zoster
Chickenpox
Shingles
Filename Herpes2.ppt
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Herpes Zoster Outline
Structure
Classification
Multiplication
Clinical manifestations
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Control
Baron’s Web Site
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Varicellovirus
genus in herpesvirus family
human herpesvirus 3 (HHV3)
varicella-zoster virus
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Herpes Zoster virus
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Chickenpox
varicella
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Varicella (chickenpox)
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Varicella eruption
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Varicella eruption
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Chickenpox vesicle
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Tzanck cell
Chickenpox vesicle
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Chickenpox
chicken pox is the acute primary disease
shingles is the delayed recurrent form of the
same disease
begins as a disease of childhood
aerosol from a child most common source
virus enters nose or throat - airborne - very
communicable.
early viral multiplication in upper respiratory
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11 tract, no symptoms; not infectious.
Chickenpox
Incubation 10-20 days
virus begins to disseminate during the latter part of
the incubation period.
virus enters regional lymph nodes. Passes into the
blood and internal organs.
patient becomes infectious 3-4 days before the first
pox is seen. Sore throat is common 1-2 days before
the first pox.
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Chickenpox
pox appears 14-21 days after the exposure. Usually,
a macular i.e. flat rash appears on the skin. within
24 hrs. the vesicles appear and these form into
pustules which form scab and fall off in a few days.
virus is shed from the respiratory tract and the pox.
virus sequestered in neural ganglia and remains
latent.
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varicella in adults can be life
threatening. In pregnancy it can
cause fetal infection and
congenital varicella syndrome.
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Chickenpox: Diagnosis
clinical appearance
antibody titres
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Chickenpox Treatment
usually is not treated.
Acyclovir is used to treat disseminated infection in
immunocompromised patients.
ointments are used to relieve itching and bacterial
infection of the lesions.
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prevention and control
living attenuated vaccine is available for
immunocompetent children at high risk.
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Shingles
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Shingles
disease of adults.
greater than 65% are >45 yrs.
reactivation can occur at any age and
immunocompromised persons are high risk.
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Herpes zoster
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Herpes zoster
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Shingles
Herpes zoster
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ZIG - Zoster Immune Globulin
The antibodies are obtained from persons
who have recently recovered from shingles.
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Shingles Diagnosis
fluorescent antibody for viral gene products.
tissue cultures are used for rapid diagnosis.
cells are grown for 24 to 72 hours.
scrapings of lesions can also be diagnosed with
very specific fluorescent antibodies.
women have dysuria, urinary retention
(involvement of urethra).
10% of individuals develop aseptic meningitis.
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Sacral radiculomyelitis
results in neuralgias, urinary retention,
obstipation (intractable constipation).
radiculitis
is inflammation of the spinal nerve
roots.
radiculomyelitis is inflammation of the nerve
roots and spinal cord.
sacrum; the bones of the lower back.
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