Community Health Needs Assessment
Essex County Health Indicators
1
Mortality
Health Behaviors
Years of
potential life lost
Access to Clinical
Care
Infant mortality
Clinical Care
Measures
Health Factors
Health
Outcomes
Low birth weight
Social and
Economic
General health
status
Physical
Environment
Mental health
status
Behavioral
Health
Morbidity
2
Heart disease
Cancer
Mortality
Stroke
Years of potential
life lost
Infant mortality
Low birth weight
Septicemia
Diabetes
Health Status fair
or poor
Physically
unhealthy days
Health Outcomes
General health
status
Disability
Mentally
unhealthy days
Mental health
status
Suicide
Alcohol & Drug
related Deaths
Disease incidence
Morbidity
Notifiable
communicable
diseases
3
High Blood
Pressure
Cholesterol
Mammogram
Screenings
Pap test
Colon Cancer
Screening
Adult flu
Vaccinations
Pneumonia
Children 19-35 mo
Maternal Health
Prenatal Care- First
Trimester
No Prenatal Care
Health Factors
Health Behaviors
High Risk Sexual Behavior
STD rates
Teen birth rate
Tobacco use
HIV rate
Heavy Drinker
Alcohol/Drug
Binge Drinkers
Drug use
Obesity
Diet and Exercise
Exercise
Fruits and vegetables
SNAP
4
Physician
Rate
Access to Clinical
Care
Health
Insurance
Coverage
Emergency
Dept. use
ACS Inpatient
Clinical Care
Measures
Readmission
Rates
Cesarean
Section
Air Quality
Ozone
Physical
Environment
Lead Paint
Health Factors
Access to
Healthy
Foods
Access to
Recreation
Behavioral
Health
Admission
Rates
Emergency
Dept. use
Unemployme
nt per capita
Social and
Economic
Median
income
Poverty
Violent Crime &
Injury
Prevention
Education
5
MORTALITY
Indicator
Healthy People
2020 Target
Deaths due to Diseases of the Heart:
Age-Adjusted Rate per 100,000 Population
N/A
Deaths due to Malignant Neoplasms (Cancer):
N/A
N/A
Age-Adjusted Rate per 100,000 Population
Deaths due to Malignant Neoplasms (Cancer) (Black, NonHispanic):
New Jersey
N/A
Age-Adjusted Rate per 100,000 Population
Deaths due to Diseases of the Heart (Black, Non-Hispanic):
County Health
Rankings
Benchmark
N/A
N/A
Age-Adjusted Rate per 100,000 Population
Deaths due to Cerebrovascular Disease (Stroke):
N/A
Age-Adjusted Rate per 100,000 Population
Deaths due to Cerebrovascular Disease (Stroke) (Black, NonHispanic):
N/A
N/A
Age-Adjusted Rate per 100,000 Population
RED: statistically worse than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
GREEN: statistically better than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
YELLOW: no statistical difference between county and
comparison statistics at 95% confidence level
6
MORTALITY
Indicator
Deaths due to Septicemia:
Age-Adjusted Rate per 100,000 Population
Deaths due to Septicemia (Black, Non-Hispanic):
Age-Adjusted Rate per 100,000 Population
Deaths due to Diabetes Mellitus:
Age-Adjusted Rate per 100,000 Population
Deaths due to Diabetes Mellitus (Black, Non-Hispanic):
Age-Adjusted Rate per 100,000 Population
RED: statistically worse than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
GREEN: statistically better than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
Healthy People
2020 Target
County Health
Rankings
Benchmark
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
New Jersey
YELLOW: no statistical difference between county and
comparison statistics at 95% confidence level
7
MORTALITY
>>Top 10 Causes of Death in Essex County: Age-Adjusted Rate per 100,000 Population
Cause
2004 Rate
2008 Rate
Heart Disease
227.0
206.4
Cancer
192.6
186.5
Stroke
44.5
36.0
Septicemia
27.6
31.1
Diabetes Mellitus
34.6
29.5
Chronic Lower Respiratory
Disease
26.4
29.0
Nephritis
21.6
23.3
Nephritis
23.3
HIV
27.4
19.6
HIV
19.6
Influenza and Pneumonia
19.0
17.0
Influenza and Pneumonia
17.0
Alzheimer's Disease
14.1
Alzheimer’s Disease
Essex County, 2008
Heart Disease
206.4
Cancer
186.5
Stroke
36.0
Septicemia
31.1
Diabetes Mellitus
29.5
Chronic Lower Respiratory…
14.1
14.1
29.0
0
100
200
300
Age-adjusted death rates declined for most of the top ten causes of death.
• Exceptions include Septicemia, COPD, and Nephritis.
• Cancer and Heart Disease mortality rates have declined, but remain by far the primary
causes of death.
Source: NJ Department of Health and Senior Services, Center for Health Statistics, NJ State Health Assessment Data
8
MORTALITY
>>Deaths due to Diseases of the Heart: Age-Adjusted Rate per 100,000 Population
Essex County Trend 2004-2008
250
221.8
227.0
223.3
210.3
200
206.5
205.2
201.5
192.0
206.4
192.6
191.2
177.8
150
2008
206.4
2007
196.5
2006
206.5
2005
218.1
2004
100
227.0
0
50
100
150
200
250
Essex County 2008: 206.4
50
0
2004
New Jersey
2006
Essex County
Union County
2008
Middlesex County
Baseline: 126.0 Target: 108.8
All geographies have seen a decline in the rate of death due to heart disease over the studied period.
• The age-adjusted death rate due to Heart Disease decreased 9.1% between 2004 and 2008 in Essex
County but remains significantly higher then the statewide rate.
• The Essex County rate is worse (higher) than the Healthy People 2020 target.
• In 2011 the rate for Newark was 176.2. (not shown)
Source: NJ Department of Health and Senior Services, Center for Health Statistics, NJ State Health Assessment Data, Newark
DCFWB Health Planning Division
9
MORTALITY
>>Deaths due to Diseases of the Heart by Race/Ethnicity: Age-Adjusted Rate per 100,000
Population (2008)
Essex County Trends 2004-2008
2008
128.0
225.8
198.7
2007
100.1
227.3
188.2
2006
87.1
243.8
194.0
100
2005
130.8
240.8
210.7
50
2004
114.5
270.6
211.5
250
200
244.0
225.8
224.7
205.8
198.7
196.2
179.3
174.7
150
128.0
116.3
116.0
111.4
0
0
New Jersey
Essex County
White, non-Hispanic
Union County
Black, non-Hispanic
Middlesex County
Hispanic
50
100
Hispanic
150
200
250
300
Black, non-Hispanic
White, non-Hispanic
Despite the decline in deaths due to heart disease among blacks in Essex County between
2004 and 2008 , black residents had the highest rate of heart disease related deaths in
Essex County.
• The rate of heart disease deaths increased among Hispanics.
Source: NJ Department of Health and Senior Services, Center for Health Statistics, NJ State Health Assessment Data
10
MORTALITY
>>Deaths due to Malignant Neoplasms (Cancer): Age-Adjusted Rate per 100,000 Population
Essex County Trend 2004-2008
250
200
187.4
191.5
181.7 185.0
180.0 177.6
169.5 170.7
174.6
183.6
170.8
159.3
150
100
2008
183.6
2007
185.2
2006
177.6
2005
181.0
2004
191.5
0
50
100
150
200
250
Essex County 2008: 183.6
50
0
2004
New Jersey
2006
Essex County
Union County
2008
Middlesex County
Baseline: 178.4 Target: 160.6
All geographies have had a decline in the rate of deaths due to cancer over the studied period.
• Essex County saw a rate decrease of 7.9 points (-4.1%) from 2004 to 2008.
• Although the age-adjusted rate for Cancer deaths has declined, it is still worse (higher) than the target rate for
Healthy People 2020.
• In 2011, the rate for Newark was 147.5 per 100,000. (not shown)
Source: NJ Department of Health and Senior Services, New Jersey Cancer Registry, Newark DCFWB Health Planning Division
11
MORTALITY
>>Deaths due to Malignant Neoplasms (Cancer) by Race/Ethnicity: Age-Adjusted Rate per
100,000 Population (2008)
Essex County Trends 2004-2008
250
235.2
210.9
200
207.8
182.1
190.5
172.3
175.6
167.8
2008
106.8
235.2
167.8
2007
109.8
203.6
184.9
150
95.1
204.7
180.0
92.1
215.9
179.7
2006
106.8
105.8
104.4
101.1
100
2005
50
109.4
218.6
191.2
2004
0
0
New Jersey
Essex County
White, non-Hispanic
Union
Black, non-Hispanic
50
100
Middlesex
Hispanic
Hispanic
White, non-Hispanic
150
200
250
Black, non-Hispanic
While cancer death rates in Essex County decreased for white residents and Hispanics
between 2005 and 2008, it rose by 16.6 points (+7.6%) for black residents and was
significantly higher than the rate for all county residents.
Source: NJ Department of Health and Senior Services, Center for Health Statistics, NJ State Health Assessment Data
12
MORTALITY
>>Deaths due to Cerebrovascular Disease (Stroke): Age-Adjusted Rate per 100,000 Population
50
45
44.5
Essex County Trend 2004-2008
43.1
40.8
40.1
2008
36.0
2007
42.0
2006
40.1
25
2005
45.1
20
2004
44.5
40
36.1
35.8
36.2 36.0
36.0
32.9
35
33.9
29.4
30
15
0
10
20
30
40
50
Essex County 2008: 36.0
10
5
0
2004
New Jersey
2006
Essex County
Union County
2008
Middlesex County
Baseline: 42.2 Target: 33.8
All geographies have seen a decline in the rate of stroke related deaths over the studied period.
• Deaths due to Stroke remains the third leading cause of death in Essex County.
• The rate in Essex County declined 19.1% between 2004 and 2008, and is not statistically different from the
Healthy People 2020 target.
• In 2011, the rate for Newark was 38.4 per 100,000. (not shown)
Source: NJ Department of Health and Senior Services, Center for Health Statistics, NJ State Health Assessment Data, Newark
DCFWB Health Planning Division
13
MORTALITY
>>Deaths due to Cerebrovascular Disease (Stroke) by Race/Ethnicity: Age-Adjusted Rate per
100,000 Population (2008)
Essex County Trends 2004-2008
60
24.1
45.6
29.3
24.6
52.3
36.5
56.4
2008
50.2
48.7
50
45.6
2007
40
31.6
31
29.3
30
25.5
24.1
22.3
28.3
2006
49.1
33.8
2005
67.4
35.3
2004
62.2
35.5
23.4
20
10
0
0
New Jersey
White, non-Hispanic
Essex
Union
Black, non-Hispanic
20
Middlesex
Hispanic
Hispanic
White, non-Hispanic
40
60
80
Black, non-Hispanic
Stroke death rates in Essex County dropped among Blacks and Whites between 2004 and
2008. Rates among Hispanics decreased from 2007 to 2008*. Black residents continue to
have the highest rate of stroke deaths.
Source: NJ Department of Health and Senior Services, Center for Health Statistics, NJ State Health Assessment Data
Note: *2004, 2005, and 2006 rates for Hispanics did not meet standards of reliability.
14
MORTALITY
>>Deaths due to Septicemia: Age-Adjusted Rate per 100,000 Population
40
Essex County Trend 2004-2008
35
31.1
30.7
30
2008
31.1
2007
30.8
2006
30.7
2005
32.7
2004
27.6
27.6
25
22.8
20.6
20
18.0
19.6
21.7
20.9
17.0
20.2
18.3
15
10
5
0
2004
New Jersey
2006
Essex County
Union County
2008
Middlesex County
0
10
20
30
40
The death rate from Septicemia in Essex County increased 12.7% between 2004 and 2008,
and is significantly higher than the rate statewide.
Source: NJ Department of Health and Senior Services, Center for Health Statistics, NJ State Health Assessment Data
15
MORTALITY
>>Deaths due to Septicemia by Race/Ethnicity: Age-Adjusted Rate per 100,000 Population
(2008)
Essex County Trends 2004-2008
60
51.0
50
44.4
40
51.0
19.4
2007
47.8
22.1
2006
37.8
52.9
16.2
2005
57.6
20.5
2004
41.0
21.4
36.2
27.3
30
23.7
20
2008
16.8
19.4
21.2
17.9
15.0
14.3
12.6
10
0
0
New Jersey
White, non-Hispanic
Essex
Union
Black, non-Hispanic
20
Middlesex
Hispanic
Hispanic
White, non-Hispanic
40
60
80
Black, non-Hispanic
Septicemia death rates for black residents in Essex County rose by 10/100,000 (+24.4%)
between 2004 and 2008.
• Black residents have higher Septicemia death rates than other racial/ethnic groups.
Source: NJ Department of Health and Senior Services, Center for Health Statistics, NJ State Health Assessment Data
Note: 2004, 2005, 2007, and 2008 rates for Hispanics did not meet standards of reliability.
16
MORTALITY
>>Deaths due to Diabetes Mellitus: Age-Adjusted Rate per 100,000 Population
40
34.6
35
30.5
30
Essex County Trend 2004-2008
36.8
28.3
27.5
29.5
29.0
26.1
2008
29.5
2007
31.9
2006
36.8
2005
35.6
2004
34.6
25.6
25
23.1
23.7
21.3
20
15
10
5
0
2004
New Jersey
2006
Essex County
Union County
2008
Middlesex County
0
10
20
30
40
All geographies have seen a decline in the rate of deaths from Diabetes between 2004 and 2008. The
rate in Essex County decreased 14.7%, but remains significantly higher than the rate statewide.
• In 2011 the rate for Newark was 37.5 per 100,000. (not shown)
Source: NJ Department of Health and Senior Services, Center for Health Statistics, NJ State Health Assessment Data, Newark
DCFWB Health Planning Division
17
MORTALITY
>>Deaths due to Diabetes Mellitus by Race/Ethnicity: Age-Adjusted Rate per 100,000
Population (2008)
Essex County Trends 2004-2008
60
55.6
53.7
2008
32.9
42.1
18.8
2007
30.8
46.7
22.6
2006
41.8
55.8
23.8
2005
43.8
54.2
23.0
2004
30.2
56.6
22.0
48.2
50
42.1
40
32.9
30
20.2
23.2
20
22.6
18.8
18.5
23.1
19.8
10
0
0
New Jersey
White, non-Hispanic
Essex
Union
Black, non-Hispanic
10
20
Middlesex
Hispanic
Hispanic
White, non-Hispanic
30
40
50
60
Black, non-Hispanic
The death rate from Diabetes Mellitus in Essex County declined for black residents by 14.5/100,000
(-25.6%), increased for Hispanics, and decreased for white residents.
• Essex County black residents have a lower death rate from diabetes than black residents
statewide and in comparative counties.
• The mortality rate for black residents was significantly higher than all county residents.
Source: NJ Department of Health and Senior Services, Center for Health Statistics, NJ State Health Assessment Data
18
YEARS OF POTENTIAL LIFE LOST
Indicator
Premature Death: Years of Potential Life Lost Before Age 75:
Age-Adjusted Rate per 100,000 Population
RED: statistically worse than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
GREEN: statistically better than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
Healthy People
2020 Target
County Health
Rankings
Benchmark
New Jersey
N/A
YELLOW: no statistical difference between county and
comparison statistics at 95% confidence level
19
YEARS OF POTENTIAL LIFE LOST
>>Premature Death: Years of Potential Life Lost Before Age 75 per 100,000 Population (AgeAdjusted)
Essex County Trend 2004-2006 2006-2008
10,000
9,144
8,866
9,000
8,410
8,000
7,000
6,294
6,179
6,000
6,170
6,143
5,159
5,987
5,904
5,033
2006 - 2008
8,410
2005 - 2007
8,866
2004 - 2006
9,144
4,914
5,000
4,000
0
3,000
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000 10,000
Essex County 2006 - 2008: 8,410
2,000
1,000
0
2004 - 2006
New Jersey
Essex County
2005 - 2007
Union County
2006 - 2008
Middlesex County
National Benchmark: 5,466
All geographies studied saw a decline in the years of potential life lost (YPLL) between 2004 and
2008.
• The number in Essex County declined by 734 but remains significantly higher than the
statewide number and higher than that of comparative counties.
• The rate of YPLL in Essex County was far worse (higher) than the national benchmark.
Source: County Health Rankings, National Vital Statistics System
Note: Every death occurring before the age of 75 contributes to the total number of years of potential life lost.
20
INFANT MORTALITY
Indicator
Healthy People
2020 Target
Infant Mortality Rate:
Rate of Infant (Under 1 year) Deaths per 1,000 Live Births
New Jersey
N/A
Rate of Infant (Under 1 year) Deaths per 1,000 Live Births
Infant Mortality Rate (Black, non-Hispanic):
County Health
Rankings
Benchmark
N/A
N/A
21
INFANT MORTALITY
>>Infant Mortality Rate: Rate of Infant (under 1 year) Deaths per 1,000 Live Births
9
Essex County Trend 2004-2008
8.5
8
7.6
7
6
5.7
5.8
5.5
5
5.3
4.6
4.9
5.0
5.3
4.6
2008
8.5
2007
7.4
2006
5.8
2005
6.3
2004
7.6
3.9
4
3
0
2
2
4
6
8
10
Essex County 2008: 8.5
1
0
2004
New Jersey
2006
Essex County
Union County
2008
Middlesex County
Baseline: 6.7 Target: 6.0
The infant mortality rate in Essex County rose 11.8% from 2004 to 2008 and remains
significantly higher than the rate statewide.
• The Essex County Infant Mortality rate is worse (higher) than the Healthy People 2020
target.
Source: NJ Department of Health and Senior Services, Center for Health Statistics, NJ State Health Assessment Data
22
INFANT MORTALITY
>>Infant Mortality Rate: Rate of Infant (Under 1 Year) Deaths per 1,000 Live Births by Race
Essex County Trends 2003-2008
16
14
12.7
13.4
8.5
6.7
13.4
7.4
6.8
10.4
2008
12
2007
10
9
8.5
8.1
8
6.7
5.9
6
4
5.8
9.6
2006
3.6
4.4
3.9 4
4.5
5.3
4.6
6.3
2005
9.5
3.9
2.9
7.6
2004
9.6
2
9.3
14.5
2003
0
White, non-Hispanic Black, non-Hispanic
New Jersey
Essex County
Hispanic
Union County
Total
Middlesex County
0
5
Total
Hispanic
10
15
Black, non-Hispanic
The infant mortality rate for black residents in Essex County is higher than the rates for all
other races, and has been increasing since 2006.
Source: NJ Department of Health and Senior Services, Center for Health Statistics, NJ State Health Assessment Data
Note: Rates for white for all years and for Hispanics for 2003 through 2006 did not meet standards of reliability.
23
LOW BIRTH WEIGHT
Indicator
Healthy People
2020 Target
Low (<2500 grams) Birth Weight:
Percentage of Live Births
N/A
Very Low (<1500 grams) Birth Weight:
Percentage of Live Births
RED: statistically worse than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
GREEN: statistically better than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
N/A
N/A
Percentage of Live Births
Very Low (<1500 grams) Birth Weight (Black, Non-Hispanic):
New Jersey
N/A
Percentage of Live Births
Low (<2500 grams) Birth Weight (Black, Non-Hispanic):
County Health
Rankings
Benchmark
N/A
N/A
YELLOW: no statistical difference between county and
comparison statistics at 95% confidence level
24
LOW BIRTH WEIGHT
>> Low Birth Weight: Percent of Live Births with Low and Very Low Birth Weight (2008)
Essex County Trends 2004-2008
12%
10.0%
10%
2.0%
10.0%
2008
2007
8.1%
8.4%
7.7%
8%
2006
2005
6%
2004
0%
4%
2%
4%
<1500 grams
2%
1.5%
2.0%
1.7%
<1500 - Essex County 2008: 2.0%
1.4%
6%
8%
10%
2.4%
10.4%
2.5%
10.9%
2.4%
10.3%
2.1%
9.7%
12%
<2500 grams
<2500 - Essex County 2008: 10.0%
0%
<1500 grams
<2500 grams
New Jersey
Union County
Essex County
Middlesex County
Baseline: 1.5%
Target: 1.4%
Baseline: 8.2% Target: 7.8%
The percentage of very low birth weight infants declined in Essex County between 2004 and
2008 by 0.1 percentage points, low birth weight infants increased by 0.3 percentage points.
• In Essex County the rates for low birth weight and very low birth weight infants are higher
(worse) than the Healthy People 2020 targets and significantly higher than the statewide
averages.
Source: : NJ Department of Health and Senior Services, Bureau of Vital Statistics and Registration, N.J. Birth Certificate Database
Note: Percentages are based on the total number of live births for county and state.
25
LOW BIRTH WEIGHT
>> Percent of Live Births with Low and Very Low Birth Weight in Essex County by Mother’s
Race/Ethnicity
Essex County Very Low Birth Weight by
Race
Essex County Low Birth Weight by Race
15%
14.7%
13.8%
13.5%
15%
13.6%
10%
10%
8.6%
7.0%
7.1%
7.7%
7.9%
8.6%
7.5%
6.9%
5%
5%
3.3%
1.1%
1.4%1.8%
3.8%
1.8%
2.2%
1.4%
3.8%
1.8%
2.2%
1.4%
0%
2004
0%
2004
White, non-Hispanic
2006
Black, non-Hispanic
2008
Hispanic
White, non-Hispanic
2006
Black, non-Hispanic
2008
Hispanic
Other
Other
Low and very low birth weight infants among African-Americans in Essex County remains
significantly higher than other racial/ethnic groups.
Source: : NJ Department of Health and Senior Services, Bureau of Vital Statistics and Registration, N.J. Birth Certificate Database
26
GENERAL AND MENTAL HEALTH STATUS
Indicator
Reported "Fair" or "Poor" Health:
Percentage of Respondents
Physically Unhealthy Days Reported in the Past 30 Days:
Average Age-Adjusted Number
Disability:
Percent of Total Population
Mentally Unhealthy Days Reported in the Past 30 Days:
Average Age-Adjusted Number
Healthy People
2020 Target
County Health
Rankings
Benchmark
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Age-Adjusted Rate per 100,000 Population
Age-Adjusted Rate per 100,000 Population
Drug-Related Deaths:
Age-Adjusted Rate per 100,000 Population
RED: statistically worse than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
GREEN: statistically better than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
N/A
N/A
Deaths due to Suicide:
Alcohol-Related Deaths:
New Jersey
N/A
N/A
N/A
YELLOW: no statistical difference between county and
comparison statistics at 95% confidence level
27
GENERAL HEALTH STATUS
>> Percent of Respondents Reporting Their Health as "Fair or Poor"
Essex County Trend 2006-2010
25%
20%
19.5%
16.2%
18.9%
18.4%
15.6%
15%
14.7%
18.2%
14.7%
15.3%
14.7%
14.1%
13.6%
10%
5%
2010
18.2%
2009
17.8%
2008
15.3%
2007
18.5%
2006
19.5%
0%
2006
New Jersey
Newark-Union, NJ-PA MMSA
Middlesex County
2010
Essex County
Union County
United States
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
The percent of Essex County residents reporting their health as poor or fair has declined.
• It remains above the percentages reported statewide, in the MMSA, and in comparison
counties but is not statistically different than the statewide rate.
Source: CDC, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
Note: MMSA: Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas
28
GENERAL HEALTH STATUS
>>Average Age-Adjusted Number of Physically Unhealthy Days Reported in the Past 30 Days
Essex County Trend 2002-2008 2004-2010
4.0
3.5
3.3
3.4
3.2
3.4
3.5
3.3
3.1
3.4
3.2
3.3
3.3
3.2
3.0
2004 - 2010
3.3
2.5
2003 - 2009
3.3
2002 - 2008
3.2
2.0
1.5
0
1.0
1
2
3
4
Essex County 2004 - 2010: 3.3
0.5
0.0
2002 - 2008
New Jersey
2003 - 2009
Essex County
Union County
2004 - 2010
Middlesex County
National Benchmark: 2.6
Essex County residents report an average of 3.3 physically unhealthy days per month,
which was worse (higher) than the national benchmark of 2.6.
• This was an increase over 2008, but is in line with increasing trends statewide.
Source: County Health Rankings, National Center for Health Statistics
Note: The poor physical health measure is based on response to the question: “Thinking about your physical health, which
includes physical illness and injury, how many days during the past 30 days was your physical health not good?”
29
GENERAL HEALTH STATUS
>>Total Population With Any Disability
Essex County Trend 2000-2010
25%
23%
21.9%
21%
19%
18.0%
2010
9.4%
2005
11.5%
2000
21.9%
18.1%
16.2%
17%
15%
13%
12.0%
11.7%
11.5%
11%
9.0%
9%
9.7% 9.4%
8.2% 8.0%
7%
5%
2000
New Jersey
2005
Essex County
Union County
2010
Middlesex County
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
All geographies have seen a decline in the percentage of people reporting a disability over
the studied period.
• The percent of Essex County residents with a disability declined by 12.5 percentage
points between 2000 and 2010.
• This indicator was not statistically different from the statewide percentage.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey
Note: Percentages are based on the total civilian non-institutionalized population 5 years and older in each region.
30
MENTAL HEALTH STATUS
>> Average Number of Mentally Unhealthy Days Reported in the Past 30 Days
4.0
3.6
3.5
3.0
3.3
3.4
3.3
3.0
3.0
Essex County Trend 2002-2008 2004-2010
3.6
3.3
3.0
3.1
3.0
2.5
3.0
2004 - 2010
3.6
2003 - 2009
3.6
2002 - 2008
3.4
2.0
1.5
0
1.0
1
2
3
4
Essex County 2004 - 2010: 3.6
0.5
0.0
2002 - 2008
New Jersey
2003 - 2009
Essex County
Union County
2004 - 2010
Middlesex County
National Benchmark (2009): 2.3
Essex County residents reported an increase in the number of mentally unhealthy days
between 2002 - 2008 and 2004 - 2010, from 3.4 to 3.6 per month.
• The number of mentally unhealthy days in Essex County is worse (higher) than the
National Benchmark.
Source: County Health Rankings, National Center for Health Statistics
Note: The poor physical health measure is based on response to the question: “Thinking about your mental health, which includes stress, depression, and31
problems with emotions, for how many days during the past 30 days was your mental health not good?”
MENTAL HEALTH STATUS
>>Deaths due to Suicide: Age-Adjusted Rate per 100,000 Population
8
7
6
5
Essex County Trend 2004-2008
6.8
6.7
6.4
6.1
5.9
5.6
4.9
5.0
4.9
5.2
4.4
4
2008
3.3
2007
4.6
2006
4.4
2005
4.0
2004
5.9
3.3
3
0
2
2
4
6
8
Essex County 2008: 3.3
1
0
2004
New Jersey
2006
Essex County
Union County
2008
Middlesex County
Baseline: 11.3 Target: 10.2
The Essex County suicide rate decreased by 44.1% between 2004 and 2008.
• Essex County has a lower suicide rate than the Healthy People 2020 target, and
significantly lower (better) than the statewide rate.
Source: NJ Department of Health and Senior Services, Center for Health Statistics, NJ State Health Assessment Data
32
MENTAL HEALTH STATUS
>>Alcohol and Drug-Related Deaths: Age-Adjusted Rate per 100,000 Population (2007)
12
Essex County Trends 2006-2007
10.2
10
10.2
2007
4.4
8.5
8
15.3
2006
4.1
6
4.6
0
4.4
5
Drug-related
4
10
15
20
Alcohol-related
Essex County Drug-related Deaths
2007: 10.2
2
0
Alcohol-related
New Jersey
Drug-related
Essex County
Baseline: 12.6 Target: 11.3
Drug related deaths were down between 2006 and 2007 in Essex County and the state.
• Drug related deaths were not statistically different from the Healthy People 2020
target or the statewide average.
• Alcohol related death rates increase over the period but were not significantly
different from the State.
Source: NJ Department of Health and Senior Services, Center for Health Statistics, NJ State Health Assessment Data
33
MORBIDITY
Indicator
Healthy People
2020 Target
County Health
Rankings
Benchmark
Cardiovascular Disease: Were You Ever Told You Had Angina or
Coronary Heart Disease? %=Yes
N/A
N/A
Cardiovascular Disease: Were You Ever Told You Had a Heart Attack
(Myocardial Infarction)? %=Yes
N/A
N/A
Cardiovascular Disease: Have You Ever Been Told You Had a Stroke?
%=Yes
N/A
N/A
Asthma: Adults Who Have Ever Been Told They Have Asthma %=Yes
N/A
N/A
Diabetes: Have You Ever Been Told by a Doctor that You Have
Diabetes? %=Yes
N/A
N/A
Arthritis: Adults Who Have Been Told They Have Arthritis %=Yes
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Overall Cancer Incidence:
Age-Adjusted Rate per 100,000 Population
RED: statistically worse than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
GREEN: statistically better than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
New Jersey
YELLOW: no statistical difference between county and
comparison statistics at 95% confidence level
34
MORBIDITY
Indicator
Cancer Incidence by Site - Prostate:
Age-Adjusted Rate per 100,000 Population
Cancer Incidence by Site - Breast:
Age-Adjusted Rate per 100,000 Population
Cancer Incidence by Site - Lung:
Age-Adjusted Rate per 100,000 Population
Cancer Incidence by Site - Colon/Rectum:
Age-Adjusted Rate per 100,000 Population
Cancer Incidence by Site - Melanoma of the Skin:
Age-Adjusted Rate per 100,000 Population
Notifiable Communicable Diseases - Campylobacteriosis:
Rate per 100,000 Population
Notifiable Communicable Diseases - Aseptic Meningitis:
Rate per 100,000 Population
Notifiable Communicable Diseases - Pertusis
Rate per 100,000 Population
RED: statistically worse than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
GREEN: statistically better than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
Healthy People
2020 Target
County Health
Rankings
Benchmark
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
New Jersey
YELLOW: no statistical difference between county and
comparison statistics at 95% confidence level
35
MORBIDITY
>> Cardiovascular Disease: Were You Ever Told You Had Angina or Coronary Heart Disease?
%=Yes
Essex County Trend 2007-2010
6%
5%
5.0%
4.7%
4.4%
4.1%
4%
3.8%
3.7%
3%
3.4%
2009
3.4%
2008
4.2%
2007
3.8%
4.1%
3.9%
3.4%
3.3%
2010
3.6%
2.7%
2%
1%
0%
2007
New Jersey
Newark-Union, NJ-PA MMSA
Middlesex County
2010
Essex County
Union County
United States
0%
1%
2%
3%
4%
5%
The percent of Essex County residents reporting coronary heart disease declined between 2007 and
2010 by 0.4 percentage points .
• At 3.4%, it is not statistically different from the rate statewide.
• In 2009, 8% of Newark residents reported Angina or Coronary Heart Disease. (not shown)
Source: CDC, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, Newark DCFWB Health Planning Division
36
MORBIDITY
>>Cardiovascular Disease: Were You Ever Told You Had a Heart Attack (Myocardial
Infarction)? %=Yes
Essex County Trend 2007-2010
5.0%
4.5%
4.5%
4.0%
4.2%
3.9%
3.8%
3.5%
3.0%
3.0%
3.2%
4.2%
4.0%
2010
3.1%
2009
4.0%
2008
3.1%
2007
2.7%
3.4%
3.1%
2.7%
2.6%
2.5%
2.0%
1.5%
1.0%
0.5%
0.0%
2007
New Jersey
Newark-Union, NJ-PA MMSA
Middlesex County
2010
Essex County
Union County
United States
0%
1%
2%
3%
4%
5%
The percent of Essex County residents reporting heart attacks increased by 0.4 percentage
points between 2007 and 2010 from 2.7% to 3.1%.
• This rate was not statistically different than the statewide rate.
• In 2009, 6% of Newark residents, or nearly double the county rate reported a heart
attack. (not shown)
Source: CDC, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, Newark DCFWB Health Planning Division
37
MORBIDITY
>> Cardiovascular Disease: Have You Ever Been Told You Had a Stroke? %=Yes
Essex County Trend 2007-2010
4.0%
3.6%
2.7%
2.6%
2.0%
3.6%
2010
3.0%
2.5%
3.5%
3.4%
3.5%
2.4%
2.7%
2.4%
1.8%
1.8%
2009
1.6%
2008
3.3%
2007
1.8%
1.6%
1.5%
1.2%
1.0%
0.5%
0.0%
2007
New Jersey
Newark-Union, NJ-PA MMSA
Middlesex County
2010
Essex County
Union County
United States
0%
1%
2%
3%
4%
The percent of Essex County residents reporting they had a stroke rose by 1.8% to 3.6%.
• The percent of Newark residents reporting a stroke was not statistically different than
the statewide rate.
• In 2009, 4% of Newark residents reported having a stroke. (not shown)
Source: CDC, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, Newark DCFWB Health Planning Division
38
MORBIDITY
>>Asthma: Adults Who Have Ever Been Told They Have Asthma. %=Yes
10%
9%
8%
7%
8.5%
8.2%
8.7%
7.6%
6.9%
8.3%
7.5%
7.1%
Essex County Trend 2006-2010
9.1%
7.5%
2010
8.3%
2009
7.2%
2008
10.5%
2007
6.7%
2006
8.2%
6.3%
6.1%
6%
5%
4%
3%
2%
1%
0%
2006
New Jersey
Newark-Union, NJ-PA MMSA
Middlesex County
2010
Essex County
Union County
United States
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
The percent of adults reporting they have asthma has risen in all the geographies studied.
• Essex County experienced among the smallest increase and is now statistically no
different from the statewide percentage.
• In 2009, 16% of Newark residents reported asthma. (not shown)
Source: CDC, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
39
MORBIDITY
>>Diabetes: Have You Ever Been Told by a Doctor that You Have Diabetes? %=Yes
12%
10.2%
10%
8%
Essex County Trend 2006-2010
11.2%
9.2%
7.5%
7.8%
7.3%
9.6%
9.7%
8.7%
2010
10.2%
2009
8.9%
2008
8.8%
2007
12.0%
2006
7.8%
7.7% 7.9% 7.5%
6%
4%
2%
0%
2006
New Jersey
Newark-Union, NJ-PA MMSA
Middlesex County
2010
Essex County
Union County
United States
0%
5%
10%
15%
Diabetes is on the increase in all the geographic areas studied.
• In Essex County the percent of people reporting diabetes increased from 7.8% in 2006 to 10.2% in 2010.
• At 10.2% the percent of people reporting diabetes in Essex County was not statistically different than
the state.
• In 2009, 17% of Newark residents reported being told by a doctor that they have Diabetes. (not shown)
Source: CDC, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, Newark DCFWB Health Planning Division
40
MORBIDITY
>>Arthritis: Adults Who Have Been Told They Have Arthritis. %=Yes
Essex County Trend 2005-2009
30%
27.0%
25%
20%
26.0%
24.4%
21.5% 21.5%
19.5%
22.5%
22.7%
22.7% 22.5%
20.6%
2009
18.0%
2007
22.4%
18.0%
15%
10%
5%
2005
0%
2005
New Jersey
Newark-Union, NJ-PA MMSA
Middlesex County
19.5%
2009
Essex County
Union County
United States
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
Between 2005 and 2009 the percent of Essex County residents reporting Arthritis declined
from 19.5% to 18.0%.
• The percentage reporting Arthritis in Essex County is significantly lower than the rate in
the state.
Source: CDC, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
41
MORBIDITY
>>Overall Invasive Cancer Incidence: Age-Adjusted Rate per 100,000 Population
600
Essex County Trend 2005-2009
539.0
508.9
500
486.9
497.6
519.7
519.2
492.1
496.5
487.2
427.2
458.5
475.9
2009
427.2
2008
462.1
400
300
2007
492.1
2006
497.5
200
100
0
2005
2005
New Jersey
2007
Essex County
Union County
486.9
2009
Middlesex County
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
All geographies have seen declines in the cancer incidence rate between 2005 and 2009.
• Essex County has a significantly lower cancer incidence rate than the state.
Source: New Jersey Department of Health and Human Services, New Jersey Cancer Registry
Note: The rate for prostate cancer is based on 100,000 males, and the rate for breast cancer is based on 100,000 females
42
MORBIDITY
>>Invasive Cancer Incidence by Site: Age-Adjusted Rate per 100,000 Population (2009)
200
Essex County Trends 2005-2009
180
160
2009
140
120
2008
100
80
2007
60
40
2006
20
0
Colon/Rectu
Melanoma
m
Prostate
Breast
Lung
New Jersey
158.5
130.3
59.9
44.7
20.2
Essex County
171.9
110.0
48.4
37.8
11.6
0
Union County
169.5
126.2
44.4
44.8
14.1
Melanoma
Colon/Rectum
Middlesex County
143.6
135.8
56.4
40.1
16.3
Breast
Prostate
2005
50
100
150
200
250
Lung
Prostate and Breast cancers are the two most frequently occurring cancers in Essex County.
• Between 2005 and 2009 the incidence rate of prostate cancer declined while the rate of breast cancer rose.
• Cancer incidence rates for breast and melanoma were significantly better than the state.
• Cancer incidence for prostate, lung, and colon were statistically no different from the statewide average.
• 2011 rates for Newark: Prostate - 147.3, Breast (f) - 130.6, Lung - 51.3(f) 59 (m), colon/rectum 36.5 (f) 43.8(m).
(not shown).
Source: New Jersey Department of Health and Human Services, New Jersey Cancer Registry, Newark DCFWB Health Planning
Division
43
MORBIDITY
>>Notifiable Communicable Diseases: Rate per 100,000 (2010)
12
Essex County Trends 2006-2009
10.8
10
9.1
8.9
2009
0.6
0.3
9.1
2008
1.0
0.3
10.1
2007
2.5
0.0
9.7
2006
1.7
0.1
8.1
8.1
8
6
4
1.9
2
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.1
1.5
0.6
1.0
0
Campylobacteriosis
New Jersey
Aseptic Meningitis
Essex County
Union County
Pertussis
Middlesex County
0
Pertussis
2
4
6
Aseptic Meningitis
8
10
12
Campylobacteriosis
The rate of Campylobacteriosis and Aseptic Meningitis in Essex County were both up between 2006 and 2009,
only the rate for Pertussis declined.
• None of the reported communicable disease rates were significantly different from the statewide average.
Bloomfield reported 6 confirmed cases of Campylobacteriosis in 2005, 3 in 2006, 1 in 2007, 6 in 2008, 5 in 2009, 6 in
2010, and 11 in 2011
Bloomfield reported: 1 confirmed case of Pertussis in 2005, 2 in 2006, and zero in 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011
Caldwell reported: 1 confirmed case of Campylobacteriosis in 2005, 2006, 2007 and 20011
Source: N.J. Department of Health and Human Services, Division of Communicable Disease Service, New Jersey Reportable
Communicable Disease Report, 2010, 2009, 2008, 2007; U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey
44
SCREENINGS
Indicator
Healthy People
2020 Target
County Health
Rankings
Benchmark
Hypertension Awareness: Adults Who Have Been Told They
Have High Blood Pressure
N/A
Cholesterol Awareness: Adults Who Have Had Their Cholesterol
Checked and Told It Was High
N/A
Percent of Women Age 40+ Who Have NOT Had a
Mammogram Within Past Two Years
N/A
Percent of Women 18 Years and Over Who have Had a Pap
Test in the Past 3 years
N/A
Percent of Adults 50 Years and Over Who Have Ever Had a
Sigmoidoscopy or Colonoscopy
N/A
Percent of Diabetic Medicare Enrollees that Receive HbA1c
Screening
RED: statistically worse than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
GREEN: statistically better than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
New Jersey
N/A
YELLOW: no statistical difference between county and
comparison statistics at 95% confidence level
45
SCREENINGS
>>Hypertension Awareness: Adults Who Have Been Told They Have High Blood Pressure
35%
Essex County Trend 2005-2009
30.6%
30%
25%
28.1%
25.4%
24.5%
23.1%
25.5%
21.6%
28.4%
27.5%
28.7%
27.5%
2009
27.5%
2007
30.1%
2005
24.5%
22.1%
20%
15%
10%
0
5%
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
Essex County 2009: 27.5%
0%
2005
New Jersey
Newark-Union, NJ-PA MMSA
Middlesex County
2009
Essex County
Union County
United States
Baseline: 29.9%
Target: 26.9%
The percent of people reporting high blood pressure has increased in all geographies
studied.
• The rate in Essex County is not significantly different than the Healthy People 2020
target or the statewide rate.
Source: CDC, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
46
SCREENINGS
>> Cholesterol Awareness: Adults Who Have Had Their Cholesterol Checked and Told It Was High
Essex County Trend 2005-2009
45%
40%
35%
41.1%
38.5%
36.7%
34.5%
35.6%
37.0%
36.7%
37.7%
37.2%
36.9%
37.5%
2009
36.7%
2007
39.0%
2005
30.6%
30.6%
30%
25%
20%
15%
0%
10%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
Essex County 2009: 36.7%
5%
0%
2005
New Jersey
Newark-Union, NJ-PA MMSA
Middlesex County
2009
Essex County
Union County
United States
Baseline: 15.0% Target:13.5%
Between 2005 and 2009, adults with high cholesterol rose from 30.6% to 36.7%.
• The percentage of people reporting high cholesterol in Essex County is worse than (higher-by
nearly three times) the Healthy People 2020 target.
• This indicator was not statistically different from the statewide percentage.
Source: CDC, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
47
SCREENINGS
>>Percent of Women Age 40+ Who Have NOT Had a Mammogram Within Past Two Years
35%
Essex County Trend 2004-2010
30.0%
30%
27.6%
25.1%
27.2%
25%
19.4%
2008
22.5%
2006
23.7%
2004
27.6%
24.8%
24.1%
25.1%25.2%
22.7%
21.5%
19.4%
20%
2010
22.3%
15%
10%
0%
5%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
Essex County 2010: 19.4%
0%
2004
New Jersey
Newark-Union, NJ-PA MMSA
Middlesex County
2010
Essex County
Union County
United States
Baseline: 26.3%
Target: 18.9%
The number of Essex County women 40+ and older who have not had a mammogram
within the past 2 years has decreased by 8.2 percentage points.
• It is not statistically different from the Healthy People 2020 target or the statewide
percentage.
Source: CDC, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
48
SCREENINGS
>>Percent of Women 18 Years and Over Who have Had a Pap Test in the Past 3 years
Essex County Trend 2004-2010
100%
90%
86.8% 87.0% 86.8%
86.0%
84.3%
81.1%
80%
82.8% 83.4% 84.7%84.0%
84.1%
81.3%
70%
60%
2010
81.3%
2008
83.5%
2006
84.8%
2004
86.8%
50%
40%
30%
0%
20%
25%
50%
75%
100%
Essex County 2010: 81.3%
10%
0%
2004
New Jersey
Newark-Union, NJ-PA MMSA
Middlesex County
2010
Essex County
Union County
United States
Baseline: 84.5% Target: 93.0%
The percent of women who had a pap test declined between 2004 and 2010.
• The percent of Essex County women having a pap test was worse (lower) than the
Healthy People 2020 target.
• The percent of women who had a pap test was not statistically different than the
stateside percentage.
Source: CDC, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
Note: Healthy People 2020 goal is to, “increase the proportion of women who receive a cervical cancer screening based on the most recent guidelines.” 49
SCREENINGS
>> Percent of Adults 50 Years and Over Who Have Ever Had a Sigmoidoscopy or Colonoscopy
Essex County Trend 2004-2010
80%
70%
62.3%
60%
56.6%
65.6%
65.6%
67.8%
70.5%
65.6%66.6%
59.6%59.5%
53.3%
65.2%
2010
67.8%
2008
60.5%
2006
58.3%
2004
62.3%
50%
40%
30%
0%
20%
20%
40%
60%
80%
Essex County 2010: 67.8%
10%
0%
2004
New Jersey
Newark-Union, NJ-PA MMSA
Middlesex County
2010
Essex County
Union County
United States
Baseline: 54.2% Target: 70.5%
All geographies have seen a percentage increase in the number of sigmoidoscopies or
colonoscopies (among adults age 50+) over the studied period.
• The percentage in 2010 is not statistically different from the statewide average or the
Healthy People 2020 target.
Source: CDC, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
50
SCREENINGS
>>Percent of Diabetic Medicare Enrollees that Receive HbA1c Screening.
100%
90%
80%
79.0%
76.0%
75.0%
71.0%
78.0%
78.0%80.0%
74.0%
80.0%
80.0%82.0%
78.0%
70%
60%
Essex County Trend 2003-2006 2009
2009
78.0%
2006 - 2007
74.0%
2003 - 2006
71.0%
50%
40%
0%
30%
20%
25%
50%
75%
100%
Essex County 2009: 78%
10%
0%
2003 - 2006
New Jersey
2006 - 2007
Essex County
Union County
2009
Middlesex County
National Benchmark: 89%
The percentage of diabetic Medicare enrollees receiving a HbA1c screening in all of the studied
geographies increased.
• The percentage of diabetic Medicare enrollees in Essex County receiving HbA1c screenings is
not statistically different from the statewide average or County Health Rankings benchmark.
Source: County Health Rankings, Medicare/Dartmouth Atlas of Health Care
Note: Diabetic screening is calculated as the percentage of diabetic Medicare patients whose blood sugar control was screening in the past year using a 51
test of their glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels.
VACCINATIONS
Indicator
Healthy People
2020 Target
County Health
Rankings
Benchmark
Percent of Adults Age 65+ Who Have NOT Had a Flu Shot in the
Past Year
N/A
Percent of Adults Age 65+ Who Have NOT Ever Had a
Pneumonia Vaccination.
N/A
Biennial Childhood Immunization for Ages 19-35 Months for
4:3:1:3 Vaccination Series
RED: statistically worse than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
GREEN: statistically better than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
N/A
New Jersey
N/A
YELLOW: no statistical difference between county and
comparison statistics at 95% confidence level
52
VACCINATIONS
>> Percent of Adults Age 65+ Who Have NOT Had a Flu Shot in the Past Year
47.7%
50%
45%
42.6%
38.7%
40%
35%
Essex County Trend 2006-2010
37.5%
34.3%
33.7%
30.4%
30%
27.1%
34.1%
29.5%
25%
20%
30.8%
32.5%
2010
37.5%
2009
39.6%
2008
40.1%
2007
27.4%
2006
42.6%
15%
0%
10%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
Essex County 2010: 37.5%
5%
0%
2006
New Jersey
Newark-Union, NJ-PA MMSA
Middlesex County
2010
Essex County
Union County
United States
Baseline: 33%
Target: 10%
The percentage of adults 65+ who did not have a flu shot in the past year decreased in Essex County.
• The percent of Seniors who did not have a flu shot in Essex County is higher (worse) than the
Health People 2020 target.
• The percentage of Essex County Seniors who did not receive a flu shot is not statistically different
from the statewide percentage.
Source: CDC, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
53
VACCINATIONS
>> Percent of Adults Age 65+ Who Have NOT Ever Had a Pneumonia Vaccination. %=Not Had
Essex County Trend 2006-2010
60%
48.8%
50%
45.2%
41.2%42.2%
40%
33.6%
33.1%
35.7%
31.2%
23.9%
18.2%
20%
45.2%
2009
50.7%
2008
41.8%
2007
43.9%
2006
41.2%
36.5%
29.0%
30%
2010
0%
10%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
Essex County 2010: 45.2%
0%
2006
New Jersey
Newark-Union, NJ-PA MMSA
Middlesex County
2010
Essex County
Union County
United States
Baseline: 40%
Target: 10%
The percent of seniors who have never had a pneumonia shot rose by 4 percentage points
between 2006 and 2010.
• It is higher (worse) than the Healthy People 2020 target.
Source: CDC, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
54
VACCINATIONS
>> Biennial Childhood Immunization for Ages 19-35 Months for 4:3:1:3 Vaccination Series
100%
Essex County Trend 1999-2008
90%
80%
76.0%
78.6%
77.8%
74.8%
84.6%
82.6%
79.7%
76.0%
81.2%
79.0%
77.0%
75.0%
2007-2008
75.0%
2005-2006
78.9%
2003-2004
76.0%
2001-2002
68.1%
1999-2000
74.8%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
1999 - 2000
New Jersey
2003 - 2004
Essex County
Union County
2007 - 2008
Middlesex County
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Childhood immunization rates rose in each of the 3 study counties between 1999 and 2008.
• The rate in Essex County rose only by 0.2 percentage points and remains lower than
Union and Middlesex County.
• The Essex County rate is not statistically different than the statewide rate.
Bloomfield / Caldwell Health Dept. reported immunizing a total of: 269 children in 2005, 1,392 in 2006, 888 in 2007,
1,016 in 2008, 1,996 in 2009, 742 in 2010, and 695 in 2011
Source: CDC, Department of Health and Human Services, County-Level Trends in Vaccination Coverage Among Children Aged
19–35 Months — United States, 1995–2008
55
MATERNAL HEALTH
Indicator
Healthy People
2020 Target
First Trimester Prenatal Care:
Percentage of Live Births
RED: statistically worse than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
GREEN: statistically better than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
New Jersey
N/A
Percentage of Live Births
No Prenatal Care:
County Health
Rankings
Benchmark
N/A
N/A
YELLOW: no statistical difference between county and
comparison statistics at 95% confidence level
56
MATERNAL HEALTH
>> Percentage of Live Births with First Trimester Prenatal Care
90%
83.3%
80.7%
80%
70%
74.1%
75.6%
71.5%
Essex County Trend 2006-2010
81.1%
73.4%
67.4%
69.3%
2010
69.3%
2008
67.4%
2006
62.4%
62.4%
60%
50%
40%
30%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Essex County 2010: 69.3%
20%
10%
0%
2006
New Jersey
2008
Essex County
Union County
2010
Middlesex County
Baseline: 70.8% Target: 77.9%
The percentage of births with first trimester prenatal care in Essex County rose 6.9%
points between 2006 and 2010.
• The Essex County percentage was significantly below the statewide percentage and
lower (worse) than the Healthy People 2020 target.
Source: NJ Department of Health and Senior Services, Bureau of Vital Statistics and Registration, N.J. Birth Certificate Database, US
Census Bureau, American Community Survey
Note: Percentages are based on total number of live births for county and state.
57
MATERNAL HEALTH
>> Percentage of Live Births with No Prenatal Care
3.5%
Essex County Trend 2006-2010
3.0%
2.7%
2.6%
2.5%
2010
2.1%
2008
2.6%
2.1%
2.0%
1.5%
1.4%
1.5%
1.1%
1.1%
0.9%
1.0%
0.7%
0.7%
0.5%
2.7%
2006
0.0%
2006
New Jersey
2008
Essex County
Union County
2010
Middlesex County
0.0%
0.5%
1.0%
1.5%
2.0%
2.5%
3.0%
The percentage of births with no prenatal care in Essex County declined 0.6% points between
2006 and 2010. It remains significantly higher (worse) than the statewide percentage.
Source: NJ Department of Health and Senior Services, Bureau of Vital Statistics and Registration, N.J. Birth Certificate Database
Note: Percentages are based on the total number of live births for county and state.
58
HIGH RISK SEXUAL BEHAVIOR
Indicator
Sexually Transmitted Diseases - Chlamydia:
Rate per 100,000 Population
Sexually Transmitted Diseases - Gonorrhea:
Rate per 100,000 Population
Sexually Transmitted Diseases - Syphillis:
Rate per 100,000 Population
Teen Birth Ages 15-19:
Rate per 1,000 Female Popultion
Healthy People
2020 Target
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Rate per 1,000 Female Popultion
HIV/AIDS Prevalence:
New Cases of HIV/AIDS Reported:
Rate per 100,000 Population
RED: statistically worse than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
GREEN: statistically better than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
New Jersey
N/A
Teen Birth Ages 15-17:
Rate per 100,000 Population
County Health
Rankings
Benchmark
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
YELLOW: no statistical difference between county and
comparison statistics at 95% confidence level
59
HIGH RISK SEXUAL BEHAVIOR
>> Sexually Transmitted Diseases per 100,000 Population (2010)
Essex County Trends 2008-2010
800
700
29.3
218.2
681.1
31.2
189.3
651.2
681.1
2010
600
2009
500
400
300
42.9
215.7
643.6
2008
337.7
297.3
0
218.2
214.1
200
Syphilis
400
Gonorrhea
600
800
Chlamydia
200
66.8
100
Chlamydia - Essex County 2010: 681.1
62.4
32.6
10.8
29.3 14.7
5.6
0
Chlamydia
New Jersey
Essex County
Gonorrhea
Union County
Syphilis
Middlesex County
National Benchmark (2009): 84.0
The rates for Chlamydia and Gonorrhea in Essex County increased between 2008 and 2010, while the
rate for Syphilis declined.
• The rate for Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, and Syphilis are all significantly worse than the statewide rate.
• The Chlamydia rate in Essex County is eight times higher (worse) than the National Benchmark.
Source: N.J Department of Health and Senior Services, Division of HIV, STD, and TB Services, Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Program, U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey
60
HIGH RISK SEXUAL BEHAVIOR
>>Teen Birth Rate per 1,000 Female Population
Trends for Ages 15-19, 2006-2008
50
50
42
41
39
40
30
20
27
Trends for Ages 15-17, 2006-2008
30
26
20
29
25
19
40
27
30
18
10
22.3
21.2
20
12.1
15.3
10
0
8.5
12.4
21.0
14.3
12.0
7.0
11.9
8.3
0
2000 - 2006
2001 - 2007
New Jersey
Essex County
Union County
2002 - 2008
Middlesex County
15- 19 Essex County 2002 - 2008: 39
National Benchmark: 22
2006
New Jersey
Essex County
2007
Union County
2008
Middlesex County
15-17 Essex County 2008: 21.0
Baseline: 40.2 Target: 36.2
Teen birth rates categorized by 15 to 17 year olds and 15 to 19 year olds declined statewide as well as in
Essex County and the surrounding counties.
• Births to teens in both groups remain statistically higher for Essex County than statewide rates.
• The rate of birth to teens 15-19 in Essex County is nearly twice (worse) than the National Benchmark
• The rate for those 15-17 is better (lower) than the Healthy People 2020 target.
Source: National Center for Health Statistics, County Health Rankings; N.J. Department of Health and Senior Services, Center
for Health Statistics, State Health Assessment Data
61
HIGH RISK SEXUAL BEHAVIOR
>>HIV/AIDS Prevalence (2010)
Overall Prevalence Rate per
100,000 Population
1,400
1253.0
Prevalence by Race/Ethnicity
90%
77.8%
80%
1,200
70%
61.0%
1,000
60%
800
50%
600
409.8
30%
255.1
10%
0
2010
Essex County
Middlesex County
22.1%
25.0%
22.5%
20.0%
20%
200
New Jersey
Union County
37.0%
36.0%
40%
499.2
400
53.7%
19.0%
14.2%
6.9%
0%
New Jersey
Essex
White, non-Hispanic
Union
Black, non-Hispanic
Middlesex
Hispanic
Essex County’s rate of HIV/AIDS prevalence in 2010 was significantly higher (more than 3 times) the
statewide rate, and higher than both comparative counties.
• Black residents constitute the majority of HIV/AIDS cases in all geographies, and 77.8% in Essex County.
• As of December 2011 the HIV/AIDS prevalence rate was 2053.6 per 100,000 for Newark Residents (not
shown).
Source: New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services, Division of HIV, STD, and TB Services, HIV/AIDS Reporting System,
Newark DCFWB Health Planning Division.
Note: Prevalence indicates amount of people living with HIV/AIDS at the time.
62
HIGH RISK SEXUAL BEHAVIOR
>>HIV/AIDS: New Cases Reported per 100,000 Population
70
Essex County Trend 2006-2010
61.2
60
2010
30.4
2009
50.5
2008
47.4
2007
48.1
2006
61.2
47.4
50
40
30.4
30
20
25.2
20.0
15.5
16.4
11.2
15.4
13.4
9.4
10
6.5
0
2006
New Jersey
2008
Essex County
Union County
2010
Middlesex County
0
25
50
75
The rate of new HIV/AIDS cases reported per 100,000 declined by more than 50% in Essex
County between 2005 and 2010, but remains significantly higher than the statewide rate
and higher than both comparative counties.
Source: New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services, Division of HIV, STD and TB Services, HIV/AIDS Reporting System, U.S. Census,
American Community Survey.
Note: New cases reported indicates new cases per year.
63
TOBACCO USE
Indicator
Healthy People
2020 Target
County Health
Rankings
Benchmark
New Jersey
Tobacco Use: Adults who are Current Smokers
RED: statistically worse than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
GREEN: statistically better than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
YELLOW: no statistical difference between county and
comparison statistics at 95% confidence level
64
TOBACCO USE
>>Tobacco Use: Adults who are Current Smokers
Essex County Trend 2006-2010
25%
20%
20.0%
20.1%
18.0%
17.3%
16.1%16.5%
14.2%
15%
14.4%14.8%14.1%
12.8%12.8%
10%
2010
14.8%
2009
14.6%
2008
13.0%
2007
18.3%
2006
16.1%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
5%
Essex County 2004 - 2010:
16%
0%
2006
New Jersey
Newark-Union, NJ-PA MMSA
Middlesex County
Essex County 2010: 14.8%
2010
Essex County
Union County
United States
National Benchmark: 14%
Baseline: 20.6% Target:
12.0%
All geographies have seen a percentage decrease in adults who are smokers over the studied period.
• The percent of smokers in Essex County is worse (higher) than the County Health Ranking
benchmark but not significantly different from the Health People 2020 target or the New Jersey
State rate.
Source: CDC, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
65
ALCOHOL/DRUG USE
Indicator
Healthy People
2020 Target
Excessive Drinking: Heavy Drinkers Plus Binge Drinkers
N/A
Treatment Admissions for Alcohol:
Percentage of Total Treatment Admissions
Treatment Admissions for Heroin/Other Opioids:
Percentage of Total Treatment Admissions
Treatment Admissions for Cocaine:
Percentage of Total Treatment Admissions
Treatment Admissions for Marijuana:
Percentage of Total Treatment Admissions
Treatment Admissions for Other Drugs:
Percentage of Total Treatment Admissions
Total Substance Abuse Treatment Admissions:
Rate per 100,000 Population
RED: statistically worse than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
GREEN: statistically better than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
County Health
Rankings
Benchmark
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
New Jersey
YELLOW: no statistical difference between county and
comparison statistics at 95% confidence level
66
ALCOHOL/DRUG USE
>>Excessive Drinking: Heavy Drinkers Plus Binge Drinkers
Essex County Trends 2006-2010
25%
20%
19.0%
18.5%
20.4%
20.3%
19.2%
18.1%
16.8%
15.4%
15%
16.4%
2009
17.6%
2008
13.7%
13.6%
12.6%
3.8%
15.0%
4.4%
12.7%
4.7%
14.6%
4.4%
13.8%
4.7%
2010
2007
2006
10%
0%
5%
Binge Drinkers
5%
10%
15%
20%
Heavy Drinkers
Essex County 2004 - 2010: 14%
0%
2006
New Jersey
Newark-Union, NJ-PA MMSA
Middlesex County
2010
Essex County
Union County
United States
National Benchmark: 8%
Total Excessive Drinking fell in Essex County by 1.4 percentage points between 2006-2010.
• The percentage of excessive drinkers in Essex County was not statistically different than
the statewide percentage in 2010, but nearly twice as high (worse) than the National
Benchmark.
Source: CDC, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
Note: Heavy drinkers are defined as adult men who have more than 2 drinks per day and adult women who have more than one drink per day. Binge
drinkers are defined as adult men who have 5 or more drinks on one occasion and females who have 4 or more drinks on one occasion.
67
ALCOHOL/DRUG USE
>> Primary Drug for Treatment Admissions (2010)
Essex County Trends 2007-2010
60%
4%
50%
2010
8%
16%
50%
22%
40%
2%
2009
30%
8%
15%
56%
20%
20%
2%
2008
12%
8%
10%
58%
20%
1%
0%
Alcohol
Heroin
& Other
Opioids
New Jersey
34%
Essex County
Cocaine
Marijua
na
Other
Drugs
40%
7%
16%
3%
22%
50%
8%
16%
4%
Union County
31%
40%
8%
19%
2%
Middlesex County
40%
36%
5%
16%
3%
2007
9%
9%
64%
16%
0%
20%
Other Drugs
Cocaine
Alcohol
40%
60%
80%
Marijuana
Heroin & Other Opioids
The most common drug being treated in Essex County in 2010 was heroin and other opioids, comprising
50% of all treatment admissions.
• Heroin, cocaine, and other drug treatment admissions in Essex County were significantly higher than
statewide.
• The admission rate for alcohol in Essex County is statistically lower than the statewide average.
• Admissions for marijuana were not statistically different from the statewide rate.
Source: NJ Department Human Services, Division of Addiction Services, New Jersey Drug and Alcohol Abuse Treatment
Note: The percentages are based on the total number of treatment admissions for all primary drugs.
68
ALCOHOL/DRUG USE
>>Total Substance Abuse Treatment Admissions per 100,000 Population
Essex County Trend 2007-2010
1200
1,040.8
1000
892.4
864.5
2010
892
2009
1,006
2008
1,041
2007
1,096
817.5
800
738.1
654.2
630.8
562.1
600
542.6
556.9
423.3
400
344.1
200
0
2006
New Jersey
2008
Essex County
Union County
2010
Middlesex County
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
The overall rate of substance abuse treatment admissions declined between 2007 and
2010, but remains significantly higher than the statewide rate.
Source: NJ Department Human Services, Division of Addiction Services, New Jersey Drug and Alcohol Abuse Treatment, U.S.
Census, American Community Survey
69
DIET AND EXERCISE
Indicator
Healthy People
2020 Target
County Health
Rankings
Benchmark
New Jersey
Obesity: Percent with Reported BMI of >= 30
Adults with 30+ Minutes of Moderate Physical Activity 5 or
More Days/Week, or Vigorous Physical Activity for 20+ Minutes
3 or More Days/Week
N/A
During the Past Month, Did You Participate in Any Physical
Activities? %=Yes
N/A
Adults Who Have Consumed Fruits and Vegetables Five or
More Times/Day
N/A
N/A
Percent of Population Receiving SNAP
N/A
N/A
Percent of Children Receiving SNAP
N/A
N/A
RED: statistically worse than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
GREEN: statistically better than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
YELLOW: no statistical difference between county and
comparison statistics at 95% confidence level
70
DIET AND EXERCISE
>> Obesity: Percent with Reported BMI of >= 30
30%
25%
24.2%
22.6%
25.1%
24.8%
22.4%22.5%
21.7%
Essex County Trend 2006-2010
27.5%
27.3%
23.9%
23.0%
20.4%
2010
27.3%
2009
25.3%
2008
26.0%
2007
24.3%
2006
24.2%
20%
15%
10%
0%
5%
10%
Essex County 2010: 27.3%
20%
30%
Essex County 2010: 27.3%
0%
2006
New Jersey
Newark-Union, NJ-PA MMSA
Middlesex County
2010
Essex County
Union County
United States
National Benchmark: 25%
Baseline: 34.0%
Target: 30.6%
Obesity in Essex County rose between 2006 and 2010. In 2010 the Essex County
percentage was higher than all other geographies except the national percentage.
• Obesity In Essex County is statistically similar to the statewide average, Healthy
People 2020 target and the County Health rankings benchmark.
Source: CDC, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
71
DIET AND EXERCISE
>> Adults with 30+ Minutes of Moderate Physical Activity 5 or More Days/Week, or Vigorous
Physical Activity for 20+ Minutes 3 or More Days/Week.
60%
50%
54.8%
Essex County Trend 2005-2009
54.2%
49.1%
45.9% 46.0%
40.5%
40%
51.0%
49.3%
47.5%
43.1%43.1%
39.2%
43.1%
2009
2007
52.0%
2005
46.0%
30%
20%
0%
10%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
Essex County 2009: 43.1%
0%
2005
New Jersey
Newark-Union, NJ-PA MMSA
Middlesex County
2009
Essex County
Union County
United States
Baseline: 43.5%
Target: 47.9%
The percent of Essex County adults engaging in adequate physical activity declined by 2.9
percentage points between 2005 and 2009.
• In 2009 it was worse than (below) the Healthy People 2020 target.
• The percent of Essex County adults engaging in adequate physical activity is not
statistically different than the statewide percentage.
Source: CDC, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
Note: Healthy People 2020 baseline and target are defined as, “moderate intensity for at least 150 minutes/week, or 75/minutes/week of vigorous
intensity, or an equivalent combination.”
72
DIET AND EXERCISE
>> During the Past Month, Did You Participate in Any Physical Activities? %=Yes
100%
Essex County Trend 2006-2010
90%
2010
70.9%
2009
70.7%
60%
2008
71.9%
50%
2007
73.0%
40%
2006
80%
70%
73.0%
77.4%
74.8%
72.1%
70.7%
70.0%
76.1%
73.4%
73.9%
70.9%
70.9%
69.9%
30%
70.7%
0%
20%
25%
50%
75%
100%
Essex County 2009: 72%
10%
0%
2006
New Jersey
Newark-Union, NJ-PA MMSA
Middlesex County
2010
Essex County
Union County
United States
National Benchmark: 79%
The percentage of Essex County residents reporting any exercise activity rose only 0.2 percentage points between
2005 and 2010, it is statistically no different from the statewide percentage.
• The percent of Essex County residents participating in any physical activity was lower (worse) than the County
Health rankings Benchmark
• In 2011, 69% of Newark residents reported participating in physical activities during the past month. (not
shown)
Source: CDC, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, Newark DCFWB Health Planning Division
73
DIET AND EXERCISE
>>Adults Who Have Consumed Fruits and Vegetables Five or More Times/Day
35%
Essex County Trend 2005-2009
28.5%
30%
25.9%
27.7%
26.6%
26.4%
28.6%
28.1%
28.1%
24.6%
24.0%23.2%
25%
23.4%
2009
28.1%
2007
26.5%
2005
28.5%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
2005
New Jersey
Newark-Union, NJ-PA MMSA
Middlesex County
2009
Essex County
Union County
United States
0%
10%
20%
30%
The percentage of Essex County residents reporting fruit and vegetable consumption 5 or
more times a day declined 0.4% points between 2005 and 2009.
• This indicator is not statistically different from the statewide percent.
Source: CDC, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
74
DIET AND EXERCISE
>>Percent of Population Receiving SNAP (2011)
35%
Essex Trends 2007-2011
30.4%
30%
30.4%
2011
25%
14.7%
18.5%
20%
16.2%
14.7%
15%
26.7%
2009
10.9%
11.6%
10%
9.1%
8.1%
5.5%
5%
19.9%
2007
9.5%
0%
Total
New Jersey
Essex County
Children
Union County
Middlesex County
0%
10%
20%
Children
30%
40%
Total
The percent of Essex County residents receiving food stamps increased by 5.2 percentage points
between 2006 and 2011 and the percentage of children receiving food stamps increased 10.5 points.
• Essex County has significantly higher percentages of SNAP recipients (Total and Children) than the
state.
Source: NJ Department of Human Services, Division of Family Development, Current Program Statistics, 2011; U.S. Census, ACS, Claritas 2011-2017
Projection / Intervening Year: Straight Line Method. Note: The total percentages are based on the total and the percentages of children are based on
the number of children (<18 years). Percentages are for December of each year given.
75
ACCESS TO CLINICAL CARE
Indicator
Primary Care Physicians:
Rate per 100,000 Population
Total Physicians:
Rate per 100,000 Population
Healthy People
2020 Target
Rate per 1,000 Population
Total ACSC ED Visits for Children (Age 0-17) - ENT:
Rate per 1,000 Population
Total ACSC ED Visits for Children (Age 0-17) - Asthma:
Rate per 1,000 Population
Total ACSC ED Visits for Children (Age 0-17) - GI Obstruction:
Rate per 1,000 Population
Total ACSC ED Visits for Children (Age 0-17) - Cellulitis:
Rate per 1,000 Population
RED: statistically worse than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
GREEN: statistically better than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
New Jersey
N/A
N/A
Health Care Access/Coverage: Do You Have Any Kind of
Coverage? %=No.
Total ACSC ED Visits for Children (Age 0-17):
County Health
Rankings
Benchmark
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
YELLOW: no statistical difference between county and
comparison statistics at 95% confidence level
76
ACCESS TO CLINICAL CARE
Indicator
Total ACSC ED Visits for Children (Age 0-17) Bacterial Pneumonia:
Healthy People
2020 Target
County Health
Rankings
Benchmark
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
New Jersey
Rate per 1,000 Population
Total ACSC ED Visits for Adults (Age 18+):
Rate per 1,000 Population
Total ACSC ED Visits for Adults (Age 18+) - ENT:
Rate per 1,000 Population
Total ACSC ED Visits for Adults (Age 18+) - Asthma:
Rate per 1,000 Population
Total ACSC ED Visits for Adults (Age 18+) - Cellulitis:
Rate per 1,000 Population
Total ACSC ED Visits for Adults (Age 18+) Kidney/Urinary Tract Infection:
Rate per 1,000 Population
Total ACSC ED Visits for Adults (Age 18+) - Dental Conditions:
Rate per 1,000 Population
ED Visits by Adults (18 to 64 years) For Primary Care Conditions:
Rate per 1,000 Population
77
ACCESS TO CLINICAL CARE
>> Rate of Physicians per 100,000 Population (2008)
Primary Care Physicians
125
100
92.9
Total Physicians
107.9
99.7
350
305.2
84.9
300
75
280.3
252.9
250
50
216.9
25
200
0
150
New Jersey
Essex County
Union County
Middlesex County
Essex County 2008: 99.7
100
50
0
National Benchmark (2009): 158.5
New Jersey
Essex County
Union County
Middlesex County
Primary care physicians represent less than one third of the physicians practicing in Essex County.
• Essex County has a significantly higher proportion of total physicians than are available statewide, but is below
(worse) than the CHR national benchmark for primary care physicians.
• The percentage of primary care physicians in Essex County is not statistically different than the statewide
average.
• In 2011, 84% of Newark Residents reported having a doctor.
Source: New Jersey Council of Teaching Hospitals, New Jersey Physician Workforce Task Force Report, 2008
78
ACCESS TO CLINICAL CARE
>>Health Care Access/Coverage: Do You Have Any Kind of Coverage? %=No
25%
Essex County Trend 2006-2010
19.1%
20%
19.1%
17.3%
15%
14.2%
14.5%
13.9%
14.5%
14.1%
15.2%
11.5%
15.0%
10.5%
10%
2010
19.1%
2009
19.0%
2008
20.7%
2007
17.2%
2006
19.1%
0%
5%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
Essex County 2010: 19.1%
0%
2006
New Jersey
Newark-Union, NJ-PA MMSA
Middlesex County
2010
Essex County
Union County
United States
Baseline: 16.8% Target: 0.0%
A significantly higher percentage of Essex County residents lack any kind of health care
coverage when compared to the state.
• The Essex County rate is higher than the Healthy People 2020 target.
Source: CDC, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
79
ACCESS TO CLINICAL CARE
>>Total ACSC ED Admissions – Rate/1000 Population
Ambulatory Care Sensitive Conditions (ACSCs) are medical problems that are
potentially preventable. With proper medication and management of care,
most people should not need to be hospitalized for these conditions.
Higher rates of ACSC conditions in Emergency Departments may indicate
primary care access issues, poor(er) preventative care among the population
and, in some instances, health barriers related to socio-economic status.
At right, the total ACSC Emergency Department Rate is shown by County. Dark
Red shading represents the counties with the 5 highest rates in the State.
White Shading represents the counties with the 5 lowest rates in the State.
Pink Shading represents counties between the highest and lowest “Top 5s”.
Rates, ranked highest to lowest by County and Statewide, are shown below.
ACSC - ED Rate/1000
COUNTY
CUMBERLAND
CAMDEN
ATLANTIC
ESSEX
MERCER
SALEM
CAPE MAY
PASSAIC
UNION
OCEAN
HUDSON
NJ 2010
95.68
87.67
84.67
82.64
77.35
75.56
70.88
66.21
65.98
63.88
62.98
ACSC - ED Rate/1000
COUNTY
GLOUCESTER
MONMOUTH
MIDDLESEX
BURLINGTON
WARREN
SUSSEX
MORRIS
BERGEN
SOMERSET
HUNTERDON
STATEWIDE RATE
Source: NJDHSS 2008-2010 UB-04 Data – NJ Residents
Population: United States Census
NJ 2010
51.32
50.66
48.54
47.24
42.62
35.85
32.55
30.43
27.02
21.92
57.55
80
ACCESS TO CLINICAL CARE
>>Total ACSC ED Visits for Children (Age 0-17): Rate per 1,000 Population.
140
Essex County Trend 2008-2010
119.8
120
104.0
100
80
98.3
96.0
83.4
77.5
78.2
2010
104.0
2009
135.2
2008
119.8
80.8
60
40
20
0
2008
New Jersey
2010
Essex County
Middlesex
Union
0
50
100
150
Shown here are total Emergency Department ACSC Rates/1000 population for age 0-17.
• While the Essex County ACSC ED visit rate for children decreased from 2008-2010, it
remains significantly higher than the NJ Statewide rate.
Source: NJDHSS 2008-2010 UB-04 Data – NJ Residents, U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey
81
ACCESS TO CLINICAL CARE
>>Total ACSC ED Visits for Children (Age 0-17): Rate per 1,000 Population. Top 5 Conditions
(2010)
Essex County Trend 2008-2010
60
54.9
56.1
48.6
50
2010
3.7
4.8
11.8
15.6
54.9
2009
5.3
5.2
13.7
17.1
78.6
2008
4.2
5.0
14.1
16.3
65.9
41.5
40
30
20
15.6
9.5
10
6.8
9.6
11.8
9.8
7.6
7.4
4.1 4.8
2.5 4.0
3.9 3.7 3.3 4.4
0
ENT
Asthma
New Jersey
GI Obstruction
Essex County
Cellulitis
Middlesex
Bacterial
Pneumonia
Union
0
20
40
Bacterial Pneumonia
GI Obstruction
ENT
60
80
100
Cellulits
Asthma
Essex County’s ACSC ED rate for ENT was statistically higher than the statewide rate.
• Its rates for Asthma, GI Obstruction, Cellulitis, and Bacterial Pneumonia were not
statistically different the state.
Source: NJDHSS 2008-2010 UB-04 Data – NJ Residents, U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey
82
ACCESS TO CLINICAL CARE
>>Total ACSC ED Visits for Adults (Age 18+): Rate per 1,000 Population.
80
76.1
75.4
Essex County Trend 2008-2010
70
60
50
40
55.4
50.7
47.7
51.2
2010
75.4
2009
81.3
2008
76.1
38.9
38.0
30
20
10
0
2008
New Jersey
2010
Essex County
Middlesex
Union
0
20
40
60
80
100
Shown here are total Emergency Department ACSC Rates/1000 population for adults.
• The rate for Essex County marginally decreased from 2008-2010 but remains
significantly higher than the Statewide rate.
Source: NJDHSS 2008-2010 UB-04 Data – NJ Residents, U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey
83
ACCESS TO CLINICAL CARE
>>Total ACSC ED Visits for Adults (Age 18+): Rate per 1,000 Population. Top 5 Conditions
(2010)
Essex County Trend 2008-2010
14
12
10.3
9.4
10
8
2010
8.1
9.0
9.3
10.3
12.6
2009
7.7
9.4
9.2
10.9
16.5
2008
7.3
9.2
9.0
10.9
13.6
12.6
9.3
8.0
7.5
7.2
6
9.0
5.3
4.9
7.1
8.1
7.8
6.7
6.1
6.0
4.7
4.4 4.7
3.7
4
2
0
0
ENT
Asthma
New Jersey
Cellulitis
Essex County
Kidney/Urinary
Tract Infection
Middlesex
Dental
Conditions
Union
5
Dental Conditions
Cellulitis
ENT
10
15
20
Kidney/UT Infection
Asthma
Essex County had the highest ACSC ED visit rate of all the studied geographies and for the top 5
conditions.
• Between 2008 and 2010 only Asthma had a consistently declining rate, but it remains the only
ACSC condition with a significantly higher ED visit rate than the statewide rate.
Source: NJDHSS 2008-2010 UB-04 Data – NJ Residents, U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey
84
ACCESS TO CLINICAL CARE
>>ED Visits by Adults (18 to 64 years) For Primary Care Conditions: Aggregated Rate per
1,000 Population (2010)
Essex County Trend 2006-2010
200
178.1
180
160
140
136.9
2010
178.1
2008
173.7
2006
162.8
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
2010
New Jersey
Essex County
0
50
100
150
200
ED visits by adults for Primary Care conditions in Essex County were significantly higher
than the state and have been on the rise since 2006.
Source: New Jersey Discharge Data Collection System, Uniform Billing Data
Note: Unadjusted crude rates show hospital emergency department treat-and-release visits by each age category for select primary care conditions as
primary diagnoses during 2006, 2008, and 2010, calculated based on total population for each age category and expressed per 1,000 population.
85
CLINICAL CARE MEASURES
Indicator
Overall ACSC Inpatient Admissions:
Rate per 1,000 Population
ACSC IP Admissions by Top 5 Conditions Congestive Heart Failure:
Healthy People
2020 Target
County Health
Rankings
Benchmark
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
New Jersey
Rate per 1,000 Population
ACSC IP Admissions by Top 5 Conditions - Diabetes:
Rate per 1,000 Population
ACSC IP Admissions by Top 5 Conditions - Asthma:
Rate per 1,000 Population
ACSC IP Admissions Rate by Top 5 Conditions Bacterial Pneumonia:
Rate per 1,000 Population
ACSC IPAdmissions by Top 5 Conditions - Cellulitis:
Rate per 1,000 Population
RED: statistically worse than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
GREEN: statistically better than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
YELLOW: no statistical difference between county and
comparison statistics at 95% confidence level
86
CLINICAL CARE MEASURES
Indicator
30 Day Hospital Readmissions Primary Diagnosis - Heart Attack:
Rate per 1,000 Medicare Beneficiaries
30 Day Hospital Readmissions by Primary Diagnosis - COPD:
Rate per 1,000 Medicare Beneficiaries
30 Day Hospital Readmissions by Primary Diagnosis Heart Failure:
Healthy People
2020 Target
County Health
Rankings
Benchmark
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
New Jersey
Rate per 1,000 Medicare Beneficiaries
30 Day Hospital Readmissions by Primary Diagnosis Pneumonia:
Rate per 1,000 Medicare Beneficiaries
Primary C-Section Rate:
N/A
Percent of Total Live Births
Repeat C-Section Rate:
Percent of Total Live Births
RED: statistically worse than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
GREEN: statistically better than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
N/A
N/A
YELLOW: no statistical difference between county and
comparison statistics at 95% confidence level
87
CLINICAL CARE MEASURES
>>Total Inpatient & ED Admissions – Rate/1000 Population
STATEWIDE
CAPE MAY
OCEAN
SALEM
HOSPITAL USE RATE BY COUNTY - Rate/1000
HUDSON
WARREN
MONMOUTH
CUMBERLAND
ATLANTIC
ESSEX
PASSAIC
MERCER
CAMDEN
SUSSEX
BERGEN
UNION
MIDDLESEX
GLOUCESTER
BURLINGTON
INPATIENT 2010
MORRIS
HUNTERDON
ED 2010
SOMERSET
0.00
Cape May County has the highest Inpatient Use Rate in NJ,
while Somerset has the lowest. However, among ED Use
Rates, more populated and urbanized counties rank first
second and third. Hunterdon and Somerset Counties have
the lowest use rates in the State for both Inpatient and ED
utilization.
100.00
200.00
300.00
400.00
500.00
COUNTY
STATEWIDE
CAPE MAY
OCEAN
SALEM
HUDSON
WARREN
MONMOUTH
CUMBERLAND
ATLANTIC
ESSEX
PASSAIC
MERCER
CAMDEN
SUSSEX
BERGEN
UNION
MIDDLESEX
GLOUCESTER
BURLINGTON
MORRIS
HUNTERDON
SOMERSET
INPATIENT 2010
171.81
229.04
226.26
200.04
197.72
197.55
195.15
188.63
181.80
180.86
174.51
172.76
169.42
163.21
157.95
157.21
155.91
149.24
147.63
141.60
132.41
126.51
IP
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
ED 2010
316.17
371.83
364.47
335.66
330.50
312.05
295.44
403.47
432.35
413.67
359.37
387.01
442.96
250.99
216.70
332.01
260.47
303.98
280.35
216.97
189.40
176.71
ED
RANK
6
7
9
11
12
14
4
2
3
8
5
1
17
19
10
16
13
15
18
20
21
Source: NJDHSS 2008-2010 UB-04 Data – NJ Residents
88
CLINICAL CARE MEASURES
>>Total ACSC IP Admissions – Rate/1000 Population
Ambulatory Care Sensitive Conditions (ACSCs) are medical problems that are
potentially preventable. With proper medication and management of care,
most people should not need to be hospitalized for these conditions.
Higher rates of ACSC conditions among inpatient care may indicate primary
care access issues, poor(er) preventative care among the population and, in
some instances, health barriers related to socio-economic status.
At right, the total ACSC Inpatient Rate/1000 is shown by County. Dark Orange
shading represents the counties with the 5 highest rates in the State. White
Shading represents the counties with the 5 lowest rates in the State. Light
Orange Shading represents counties between the highest and lowest “Top 5s”.
Rates, ranked highest to lowest by County and Statewide, are shown below.
ACSC - IP Rate/1000
ACSC - IP Rate/1000
COUNTY
SALEM
CAPE MAY
CUMBERLAND
OCEAN
HUDSON
CAMDEN
ESSEX
ATLANTIC
MERCER
PASSAIC
WARREN
NJ 2010
33.97
31.16
30.15
28.60
28.28
26.27
25.15
24.97
23.09
22.76
22.76
COUNTY
MONMOUTH
GLOUCESTER
BURLINGTON
SUSSEX
UNION
MIDDLESEX
BERGEN
HUNTERDON
MORRIS
SOMERSET
STATEWIDE RATE
Source: NJDHSS 2008-2010 UB-04 Data – NJ Residents
Population: United States Census
NJ 2010
22.57
20.88
20.52
20.20
19.00
18.84
18.07
14.84
14.51
13.77
22.65
89
CLINICAL CARE MEASURES
>> Total ACSC Inpatient Admissions Rate per 1,000 Population
35
Essex County Trend 2008-2010
29.0
30
28.3
25.2
25
23.6
23.5
21.1 21.0
2010
25.2
2009
28.3
2008
29.0
22.6
20.7 20.2
20
19.0 18.8
15
10
5
0
2008
New Jersey
2009
Essex County
Union County
2010
Middlesex County
0
10
20
30
40
The overall rate of ACSC inpatient admissions among inpatients decreased in Essex
County, the State and comparative counties between 2008 and 2010.
• The rate in Essex County is not statistically different than the statewide rate.
Source: NJDHSS 2008-2010 UB 04 Data – NJ Residents; U.S. Census, American Community Survey
90
CLINICAL CARE MEASURES
>> ACSC Inpatient Admissions Rate by Top 5 Conditions per 1,000 Population (2010)
6
Essex County Trends 2008-2010
5.0
5
2010
2.5
2.7
2.9
3.4
4.4
2009
2.8
3.5
3.3
3.1
4.8
2008
2.8
3.6
3.1
3.3
4.9
4.4
4
3.9
3.8
3.4
3.4
3.2
2.9
3
2.8
2.5
2.1
2
2.0
2.7 2.6
1.9
1.8
2.4 2.5
1.8
1.4
1
0
Congestive
Heart Failure
New Jersey
Diabetes
Essex County
Asthma
Bacterial
Pneumonia
Union County
Cellulitis
Middlesex County
0
1
2
Cellulits
Asthma
Congestive Heart Failure
3
4
5
6
Bacterial Pneumonia
Diabetes
Congestive heart failure is the most common condition for ACSC inpatient care in all geographies
studied for 2010.
• The rates for congestive heart failure, bacterial pneumonia, and cellulitis saw consistent declines
during the 3 year time frame.
• None of the rates for the Top 5 ACSC conditions were statistically different than the statewide
rates.
Source: NJDHSS 2008-2010 UB 04 Data – NJ Residents; U.S. Census, American Community Survey
91
CLINICAL CARE MEASURES
>> 30 Day Hospital Readmissions per 1,000 Medicare Beneficiaries by Primary Diagnosis (2010)
8
Essex County Trends 2006-2010
7.5
7
2.4
5.9
6
3.0
7.5
2.1
2010
5
2.8
3.0
4
3
2
2008
3.0
1.8
2.3
2.1
2.1
8.9
2.0
2.4
2.1
3.9
10.2
2006
1
2.0
0
Heart Attack
COPD
New Jersey
Heart Failure
Essex County
Pneumonia
0
2
Pneumonia
4
6
8
Heart Failure
COPD
10
12
Heart Attack
Thirty day readmission rates are higher in Essex County than statewide for heart attack,
heart failure, Pneumonia and COPD, but were not statistically different from the
statewide average.
• Between 2006 and 2010 only the COPD rate saw a consistent decline.
Source: Healthcare Quality Strategies, Inc. (HQSI), Report of Medicare FFS claims for New Jersey, 2011
92
CLINICAL CARE MEASURES
>> C-Section Rates (2010)
30%
27.4%
25%
20%
15%
12.0%
Essex County Trends 2006-2010
27.3%
13.2%
2010
27.3%
13.2%
2008
27.0%
14.0%
2006
25.1%
14.2%
0%
5%
10%
Repeat
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
Primary
Primary C-Section Essex County
2010: 13.2%
5%
0%
Primary Cesarean
New Jersey
Repeat Cesarean
Essex County
Baseline: 26.5% Target: 23.9%
C-section rates in Essex County are over 40% of all deliveries.
• The Primary C-section rate in Essex County is statistically higher than the statewide average.
• The Primary C-section rates in Essex County is better (below) than the Healthy People 2020
target.
• Repeat C-Section rates in Essex County were statistically no different than the statewide rate.
Source: N.J. Department of Health and Senior Services, Bureau of Vital Statistics and Registration, N.J. Birth Certificate Database
Note: Percentages are based on the total number of live births for county and state.
93
PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
Indicator
Healthy People
2020 Target
County Health
Rankings
Benchmark
Annual Number of Unhealthy Air Quality Days Due to Fine
Particulate Matter
N/A
Annual Number of Unhealthy Air Days Due to Ozone
N/A
Blood Lead Levels of Children (less than 17 years) Tested for
Lead Poisoning: 10-19 ug/DL
N/A
N/A
Blood Lead Levels of Children (less than 17 years) Tested for
Lead Poisoning: 20+ ug/DL
N/A
N/A
Housing Built Before 1950 with Possible Lead-based Paint
Hazard
N/A
N/A
Recreational Facilities:
Rate per 100,000 Population
People Who Are Low Income and Do Not Live Close to a
Grocery Store:
New Jersey
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Percent of Total Population
Fast Food Establishments:
Percent of all Restuarants
Liquor Stores:
Rate per 100,000 Population
RED: statistically worse than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
GREEN: statistically better than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
YELLOW: no statistical difference between county and
comparison statistics at 95% confidence level
94
PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
>>Annual Number of Unhealthy Air Quality Days Due to Fine Particulate Matter
Essex County Trend 2005-2007
16
14
14
14
14
2007
8
2006
8
2005
9
12
10
9
8
8
7
6
4
8
5
5
4
4
4
0
2
4
6
8
10
Essex County 2007: 8
2
0
2005
New Jersey
2006
Essex County
Union County
2007
Middlesex County
National Benchmark: 0
The number of unhealthy air quality days due to fine particulate matter decreased
between 2005 and 2007 in Essex County.
• The number of unhealthy air quality days was worse (higher) than the National
Benchmark.
Source: County Health Rankings, PHASE project, a collaborative effort between the CDC and EPA
95
PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
>> Annual Number of Unhealthy Air Days Due to Ozone
25
Essex County Trend 2005-2007
22
20
15
14
12 12
13
11
9
9
2006
9
2005
12
13
11
9
10
2007
9
9
0
5
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Essex County 2007: 9
0
2005
New Jersey Essex County
2006
Union County
2007
Middlesex County
National Benchmark: 0
Improvement has been made in the reduction of unhealthy days due to ozone.
• The number of days of unhealthy air quality due to ozone is worse (higher) than the
national benchmark.
• This indicator was not significantly different than the statewide number.
Source: County Health Rankings, PHASE project, a collaborative effort between the CDC and EPA
96
PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
>> Blood Lead Levels of Children (less than 17 years) Tested for Lead Poisoning (2010)
1.2%
Essex County Trends 2006-2010
1.0%
1.0%
0.2%
2010
1.0%
0.8%
0.6%
0.5%
0.5%
0.4%
2008
1.7%
0.4%
0.4%
0.2%
0.2%
0.1%
0.1%
0.2%
0.1%
2006
3.5%
0.0%
10 - 19 ug/dL
New Jersey
Essex County
20 + ug/dL
Union County
Middlesex County
0.0%
1.0%
20 + ug/dL
2.0%
3.0%
4.0%
10 - 19 ug/dL
Essex County’s children have significantly higher blood lead levels than found in children
statewide.
• This was true for blood lead levels ranging from 10-19 ug/dL and for levels over 20 ug/dL.
The Bloomfield / Caldwell Health Dept. reported: 1 case of lead poisoning amongst children in
2005, 11 in 2006, 4 in 2007, 0 in 2008, 8 in 2009, 1 in 2010, and 5 in 2011.
Source: NJ Department of Health and Senior Services, Division of Family Health Services , Maternal and Child Health Services, Child
and Adolescent Health Program, Centers for Disease Control
Note: The CDC defines a blood lead level of 10 ug/dL as the threshold that should prompt public health actions.
97
PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
>>Housing Built Before 1950 with Possible Lead-based Paint Hazard/Access to Recreational
Facilities
Rate of Recreational Facilities per
100,000 Population
Housing Built Before 1950
70%
66.0%
60.8%
64.3%
20.0
65.3%
15.0
60%
50%
10.0
47.5%
43.2%
40%
15.0
14.0
11.0
10.0
14.0
10.0
11.0
5.0
40.6%
38.30%
37.9%
0.0
2008
New Jersey
Union County
27.3%
30%
15.0
20%
2009
Essex County
Middlesex County
Essex County 2009: 10
10%
0%
2000
New Jersey
Essex County
2010
Newark
Irvington
East Orange
National Benchmark: 16
Essex County and its major cities continue to have a significantly larger amount of housing built
before 1950 than exists statewide.
• The rate of recreational facilities per thousand is not statistically different than the statewide
average or the national benchmark.
Bloomfield / Caldwell Health Dept. reported 9, 624 possible lead hazards in all 1-4 family buildings
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, County Health Rankings, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Food Environment
Atlas
98
PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
>>Limited Access to Healthy Foods
New
Jersey
Essex
County
Union
County
Middlesex
County
Percent of population
who are low income
and do not live close to
a grocery store (2006)
4.0%
1.0%
1.0%
3.0%
Percent of all
restaurants that are
fast food
establishments
(2009)
50.0%
53.0%
46.0%
44.0%
Number of liquor
stores per 100,000
population
(2006)
20.0
25.0
23.0
16.0
Essex County 2006: 1%
National Benchmark: 0%
Essex County 2009: 53%
National Benchmark: 25%
In 2006, 1% of low income Essex County residents did not live close to a grocery store compared to 4% statewide.
• In 2009, 53% of all restaurants in Essex County were fast food restaurants compared to 50% statewide.
• This is worse (more than double) the national benchmark.
• The higher rate of liquor stores per 100,000 residents was not statistically different than the statewide average
Source: County Health Rankings, U.S. Census Bureau’s County Business Patterns, United States Department of Agriculture
Food Environment Atlas
99
BEHAVIORAL HEALTH
Indicator
Hospital Admissions for Mental/Behavioral Health Conditions:
Rate per 1,000 Population
ED Visits for Mental/Behavioral Health Conditions by Age:
Rate per 1,000 Population
ED Visitis by Adult for Primary Care Conditions by Alcohol
Dependence:
Healthy People
2020 Target
County Health
Rankings
Benchmark
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
New Jersey
Rate per 1,000 Population
ED Visits by Adults for Primary Care Conditions by Other
Mental Disorders:
Rate per 1,000 Population
RED: statistically worse than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
GREEN: statistically better than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
YELLOW: no statistical difference between county and
comparison statistics at 95% confidence level
100
BEHAVIORAL HEALTH
>> Hospital Admissions for Mental/Behavioral Health Conditions by Age: Rate per 1,000
Population (2010)
Essex County Trend 2006-2010
16
14.5
14
5.6
14.5
3.7
10.8
2010
12
10.8
9.9
10
4.7
8
7.4
11.7
0.8
8.1
2008
5.6
6
4.1
3.7
4
2.3
5.9
12.5
2.6
9.2
2006
2
0
Total
Children
New Jersey
Adults
Essex County
Elderly
0
5
Elderly
10
Adults
Children
15
20
Total
Hospital admissions for mental health conditions in Essex County exceeds the state’s rate
but was not statistically higher.
• Rates in Essex County have increased among all age groups except for the elderly.
Source: New Jersey Discharge Data Collection System, 2011; N.J. Department of Human Services, Division of Mental Health Services, Mental Health
Subsidy Allocation, 2011, U.S. Census, American Community Survey. Note: Mental/Behavioral health conditions include MCD 19 Mental Diseases101
and Disorders and MDC 20 Alcohol/Drug Use and Alcohol/Drug-Induced Organic Mental Disorders.
BEHAVIORAL HEALTH
>> ED Visits for Mental/Behavioral Health Conditions by Age: Rate per 1,000 Population (2010)
25
Essex County Trend 2006-2010
23.8
2010
9.2
23.8
9.0
18.4
2008
8.7
23.6
8.3
17.9
2006
5.7
17.1
5.5
12.7
19.6
20
18.4
15.4
15
10
8.9
9.2
9.0
7.4
5
0
Total
Children
New Jersey
Adults
Essex County
Elderly
0
5
10
Elderly
Adults
15
Children
20
25
Total
Adults have the highest rate of ED visits in both Essex County and statewide.
• From 2006 to 2010 the rate of ED visits for behavioral health conditions rose for each
age group.
• Total ED visits for mental health conditions were not statistically different than the
statewide rate.
Source: New Jersey Discharge Data Collection System, 2011; N.J. Department of Human Services, Division of Mental Health Services, Mental Health Subsidy
Allocation, 2011, U.S. Census, American Community Survey. Note: Mental/Behavioral health conditions include MCD 19 Mental Diseases and 102
Disorders and MDC 20 Alcohol/Drug Use and Alcohol/Drug-Induced Organic Mental Disorders.
BEHAVIORAL HEALTH
>> ED Visits by Adults (18 to 64 Years) for Primary Care Conditions: Rate per 1,000 Population
(2010)
Essex County Trend 2006-2010
30
25
23.9
13.4
2010
21.7
21.7
20
15
13.4
12.5
2008
22.6
8.8
10
5
13.5
2006
20.7
0
Alcohol Dependence
New Jersey
Other Mental Disorders
Essex County
0
5
10
Other Mental Disorders
15
20
25
Alcohol Dependence
Essex County has a lower rate of ED visits by adults for alcohol dependence than the state
but a higher rate for ED visits for mental disorders.
• Neither rate was statistically different from the statewide rate.
Source: New Jersey Discharge Data Collection System
Note: Other mental disorders excludes drug or alcohol dependence and includes metal retardation. Alcohol dependence and other mental disorders
represent two of the top ten ED visits for primary care conditions for adults.
103
SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC FACTORS
Indicator
Healthy People
2020 Target
County Health
Rankings
Benchmark
Percent of Labor Force Unemployed
N/A
N/A
Per Capita Income
N/A
N/A
Median Household Income
N/A
N/A
Percent of Total Population with Income in the Past
Year Below Federal Poverty Level
N/A
N/A
Percent of Families with Income in the Past Year Below
Federal Poverty Level
N/A
N/A
Percent of Children with Income in the Past Year Below
Federal Poverty Level
N/A
N/A
Percent of Seniors with Income in the Past Year Below
Federal Poverty Level
N/A
N/A
RED: statistically worse than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
GREEN: statistically better than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
New Jersey
YELLOW: no statistical difference between county and
comparison statistics at 95% confidence level
104
SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC FACTORS
Indicator
Healthy People
2020 Target
County Health
Rankings
Benchmark
Percent of Total Population Receiving TANF
N/A
N/A
Percent of Children Receiving TANF
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Educational Attainment: No High School Diploma
N/A
N/A
Limited English Proficiency (LEP) Population
N/A
N/A
Estimated Homelessness:
Rate per 1,000 Population
RED: statistically worse than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
GREEN: statistically better than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
New Jersey
YELLOW: no statistical difference between county and
comparison statistics at 95% confidence level
105
SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC FACTORS
>> Percent of Labor Force Unemployed
18%
Essex County Trend 2000-2011
16%
14%
2011
10.8%
12%
2010
11.1%
10%
2009
10.2%
2008
6.6%
2005
5.6%
2000
4.5%
8%
6%
4%
2%
0%
0%
2000
2005
2010
2011
New Jersey
3.7%
4.5%
9.6%
9.3%
Essex County
4.5%
5.6%
11.1%
10.8%
Newark-Union, NJ-PA
3.6%
4.5%
9.4%
9.2%
Newark
8.0%
8.3%
15.4%
15.2%
Irvington
6.5%
6.8%
13.7%
13.2%
East Orange
6.6%
7.3%
13.9%
10.8%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
Essex County 2011: 10.8%
National Benchmark (2010): 5.4%
Unemployment rates are higher in Essex County and its major cities than statewide.
• The Essex County unemployment rate is worse (higher) than the rate statewide.
Source: New Jersey Department of Labor, New Jersey Labor Force Estimates by Area
Note: The data represents unadjusted annual averages.
106
SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC FACTORS
>> Per Capita Income
$40,000
Essex County Trend 2000-2010
$35,000
$30,000
$25,000
2010
$31,120
2005
$28,232
2000
$24,943
$20,000
$15,000
$10,000
$5,000
$0
2000
2005
2010
New Jersey
$27,006
$31,471
$33,555
Essex County
$24,943
$28,232
$29,674
Newark
$13,009
$15,346
$17,147
Irvington
$16,874
$19,936
$19,380
East Orange
$16,488
$16,525
$20,874
$0
$10,000
$20,000
$30,000
$40,000
Per Capita income though rising for Essex County residents remains significantly lower
than the per capita income of residents statewide, and income per capita in all of Essex
County’s major cities is lower than the county figure.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey
107
SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC FACTORS
>> Median Household Income
$80,000
Essex County Trend 2000-2010
$70,000
$60,000
$50,000
2010
$54,252
2005
$49,460
2000
$44,944
$40,000
$30,000
$20,000
$10,000
$0
2000
2005
2010
New Jersey
$55,146
$61,672
$67,681
Essex County
$44,944
$49,460
$52,394
Newark
$26,913
$30,665
$34,816
Irvington
$36,575
$46,262
$39,166
East Orange
$32,346
$29,691
$40,312
$0
$10,000 $20,000 $30,000 $40,000 $50,000 $60,000
While median income in Essex County significantly lags behind the statewide average,
median income in the county’s major cities lags behind both the county and state.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey
108
SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC FACTORS
>> Percent of Population With Income in the Past Year Below Federal Poverty Level (2009)
40%
Essex County Trends 2000-2009
35%
12.2%
30%
21.0%
11.9%
14.5%
2009
25%
20%
12.0%
19.1%
15%
2005
10%
12.3%
14.7%
5%
0%
People
Families
Children
Seniors
New Jersey
9.4%
7.0%
13.5%
7.9%
Essex County
14.5%
11.9%
21.0%
12.2%
Newark
23.9%
21.2%
33.4%
15.6%
Irvington
17.7%
16.2%
25.3%
22.0%
East Orange
20.0%
17.6%
35.4%
16.5%
12.2%
20.8%
12.8%
15.6%
2000
0%
5%
Seniors
10%
Children
15%
Families
20%
25%
People
Poverty rates for Essex County children increased from 20.8% to 21.0% between 2000 and
2009. Poverty rates for people and families decreased. The rate for seniors remained
static.
• The rates for all groups are significantly higher than the statewide average.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey
Note: People are defined as the entire population in each geographic area, children are defined as the population under 18 years, and seniors are
defined as the population over 65 years.
109
SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC FACTORS
>>Percent of Population Receiving TANF (2011)
8%
Essex Trends 2007-2011
7.5%
7%
6%
7.5%
2011
2.9%
5%
4%
3.4%
2.9%
3%
1%
2.8%
2.7%
2%
1.2%
7.5%
2009
1.5%
1.0%
6.9%
2007
2.8%
0.5%
0%
Percent of Total Population
New Jersey
Essex County
Percent of Children
Union County
Middlesex County
0%
2%
4%
Children
6%
8%
Total
The percent of Essex County residents receiving Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) benefits is significantly higher than
the state rate.
•
The same can be said of the percent of Essex County children receiving TANF benefits.
•
The percentage of Newark families and children receiving various types of public assistance is twice that of the US average and
three times that of the State of New Jersey (not shown).
•
In 2011, 18.3% of Newark households received SSI, Cash Public Assistance, or SNAP in the last 12 months (not shown).
•
In 2011, 35.6% of children living in households received SSI, Cash Public Assistance, or SNAP in the last 12 months (not shown).
Source: NJ Department of Human Services, Division of Family Development, Current Program Statistics, U.S. Census, American Community Survey;
Claritas 2011-2017 Projection / Intervening Year: Straight Line Method.
110
SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC FACTORS
>>Estimated Homelessness Rate per 1,000 Population
14
Essex County Trends 2009-2012
12.8
12
2012
4.1
2011
4.2
2010
4.2
2009
4.8
10
8
7.4
6
4.8
4.1
4
3.3
4.1
3.3
2
0
2009
New Jersey
Essex County
2012
Union County
Middlesex County
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
In 2012 the homeless population estimate rate per 1,000 for Essex County was not
statistically different from the statewide rate.
• The rate for Essex County declined by 0.7 percentage points between 2009 and 2012.
Source: Corporation for Supportive Housing, 2010 New Jersey Point in Time Count of the Homeless Data Report, U.S. Census
Bureau, American Community Survey, Claritas 2011-2017 Projection / Intervening Year: Straight Line Method.
Note: The rates are based on the total population in each age group. New Jersey data for 2009 was unavailable.
111
SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC FACTORS
>> Educational Attainment (2009)
No High School Diploma Trends 20002009
40%
34.5%
35%
29.4%
30%
23.6%
25%
20%
15%
31.0%
30.4%
22.1%
16.5%
2009
2005
2000
12.6%
0%
10%
East Orange
5%
10%
20%
Irvington
Newark
30%
40%
New Jersey
50%
Essex County
Essex County 2009: 16.5%
0%
No High School
Diploma
High School
Graduate
New Jersey
Some College,
Bachelors,
Associate's
Professional, or
Degree
Graduate Degree
Essex County
Baseline: 11.0% Target: 2.1%
The percentage of residents with no high school diploma has decreased in New Jersey,
Essex County, and in the major cities in Essex County between 2000 and 2009.
• The percent of Essex County residents without a high school diploma is significantly
higher than the statewide average.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey
112
SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC FACTORS
>>Limited English Proficiency (LEP) Population
30%
Essex County Trend 2000-2009
24.8%
25%
22.4%
22.0%
2009
15.1%
2005
14.2%
2000
13.3%
20%
15%
13.3%
11.4%
11.1%
15.1%
14.2%
11.5%
11.7%
15.1%
12.1%
10%
6.0%
5%
0%
2000
New Jersey
2005
Essex County
Newark
2009
Irvington
East Orange
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
The percent of Essex County residents with limited English proficiency (LEP) rose between 2000
and 2009.
• In 2009 the percentage in Essex County was significantly higher than statewide percentage
with LEP.
• Nearly 25% of Newark’s population had LEP.
Source: U.S. Census, American Community Survey.
Note: The U.S. Census Bureau defines LEP Population as persons who reported speaking English less than “very well.“ Data
for East Orange for 2005 and 2009 is unavailable.
113
VIOLENT CRIME AND INJURY PREVENTION
Indicator
Violent Crime:
Rate per 100,000 Population
Deaths due to Assault (Homicide)
Burglary:
Rate per 1,000 Population
Domestic Violence Arrests:
Rate per 1,000 Population
Children Reported for Abuse/Neglect:
Rate per 1,000 Population
Percent of Children with Abuse/Neglect Reports Substantiated
Total Children (under 18 years) Under DYFS Supervision:
Rate per 1,000 Children
RED: statistically worse than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
GREEN: statistically better than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
Healthy People
2020 Target
County Health
Rankings
Benchmark
New Jersey
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
YELLOW: no statistical difference between county and
comparison statistics at 95% confidence level
114
VIOLENT CRIME AND INJURY PREVENTION
Indicator
Children (under 18 years) Under DYFS Supervision Receiving
In-Home Services:
Healthy People
2020 Target
County Health
Rankings
Benchmark
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
New Jersey
Rate per 1,000 Children
Children (under 18 years) Under DYFS Supervision Receiving
Out-Of-Home Services:
Rate per 1,000 Children
Deaths due to Motor Vehicle Crashes:
Rate per 100,000 Population
Deaths due to Falls:
Rate per 100,000 Population
Deaths due to Poisoning:
Rate per 100,000 Population
RED: statistically worse than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
GREEN: statistically better than comparison statistic at 95% confidence level
N/A
N/A
YELLOW: no statistical difference between county and
comparison statistics at 95% confidence level
115
VIOLENT CRIME AND INJURY PREVENTION
>>Violent Crime Rate per 100,000 Population
900
Essex County Trend 2006-2010
780.5
800
704.6
700
600
500
400
466.5
437.7
402.6
350.1
2010
673.6
2009
667.6
2008
704.6
2007
686.6
2006
780.5
673.6
325.7
309.1
300
0
218.2
194.8
200
179.4
200
400
600
800
1000
Essex County 2007 - 2009: 679
100
0
2006
New Jersey
2008
Essex County
Union County
2010
National Benchmark: 73
Middlesex County
Between 2006 and 2010 the violent crime rate decreased in Essex County, Middlesex
County and the state as a whole.
• Essex County’s violent crime rate is significantly higher than the statewide rate.
• Essex violent crime rate was higher (worse) than the national benchmark.
Source: NJ Department of Law and Public Safety, Division of State Police, Uniform Crime Reporting Unit, U.S. Census,
American Community Survey
116
VIOLENT CRIME AND INJURY PREVENTION
>>Deaths due to Assault (Homicide): Age-Adjusted Rate per 100,000 Population
20.0
Essex County Trend 2004-2008
18.8
17.9
18.0
16.0
2008
13.2
2007
17.4
2006
18.8
2005
19.1
2004
17.9
13.2
14.0
12.0
10.0
8.1
8.0
6.0
4.8
5.3
4.4
4.0
4.4
3.0
5.2
3.0
2.6
2.0
0.0
2004
New Jersey
2006
Essex County
Union County
2008
Middlesex County
0
5
10
15
20
25
The homicide rate decreased between 2004 and 2008 statewide and in Essex County.
• However, the Essex County rate is significantly (nearly 3 times) higher than the state
rate.
Source: NJ Department of Health and Senior Services, Center for Health Statistics, NJ State Health Assessment Data
117
VIOLENT CRIME AND INJURY PREVENTION
>>Burglary Rate per 1,000 Population
8
Essex County Trend 2006-2010
7
6.7
6.7
6.0
6
2010
6.0
2008
6.7
2006
6.7
5.1
5
4.5
4.6
4.3
4
4.4
4.0
4.5
3.9
3.1
3
2
1
0
2006
New Jersey
2008
Essex County
Union County
2010
Middlesex County
0
2
4
6
8
Between 2006 and 2010 burglary rates declined in Essex County as well as in Middlesex
County and the state as a whole.
• The Essex County rate was not significantly different than the statewide rate.
Source: NJ Department of Law and Public Safety, Division of State Police, Uniform Crime Reporting Unit, U.S. Census,
American Community Survey
118
VIOLENT CRIME AND INJURY PREVENTION
>>Total Domestic Violence Arrests, Rate per 1,000 Population
Essex County Trend 2006-2010
3.0
2.6
2.4
2.5
2.0
2.0
2.6
2.5
2.2
2.1
1.9
2.2
2.2
1.8
1.7
2010
2.2
2009
2.1
1.5
2008
1.9
1.0
2007
0.5
0.0
1.9
2006
2006
New Jersey
2008
Essex County
Union County
2.0
2010
Middlesex County
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
Domestic violence rates were up in Essex County between 2006 and 2010, while they
remained stable statewide and declined in comparative counties.
• The Essex County rate was not significantly different than the statewide rate.
Source: NJ Department of Law and Public Safety, Division of State Police, Uniform Crime Reporting Unit, U.S. Census,
American Community Survey
119
VIOLENT CRIME AND INJURY PREVENTION
>> Rate of Children Reported for Abuse/Neglect per 1,000 Population (2010)
90
Essex County Trend 2006-2010
80
75.5
77.0
73.2
70
2010
49.8
2008
44.0
2006
45.6
60
50
49.8
45.4
40
34.1
34.7
30
20
10
0
New Jersey
Essex
Union
Middlesex
Newark
Irvington
East Orange
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
For Essex County’s major cities, child abuse reports are well above the county’s rate.
• The rate of reports in Essex county increased between 2006 and 2010 but was not
statistically different from the statewide rate.
• The rate of reports in Essex County’s major cities is 1.5 times that of the county.
Source: N.J. Department of Children and Families, Child Abuse and Neglect Substantiations, U.S. Census Bureau, American
Community Survey
120
VIOLENT CRIME AND INJURY PREVENTION
>>Percent of Children with Abuse/Neglect Reports Substantiated (2010)
16%
Essex County Trend 2006-2010
14.3%
14%
13.1%
12%
10%
11.6%
11.1%
2010
11.1%
2008
12.4%
2006
15.9%
10.3%
10.0%
8.2%
8%
6%
4%
2%
0%
New Jersey
Essex
Union
Middlesex
Newark
Irvington
East Orange
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
The percent of child abuse reports substantiated in Essex County is not statistically
different from the statewide percentage.
• The highest rate of substantiated reports occurred in East Orange.
Source: N.J. Department of Children and Families, Child Abuse and Neglect Substantiations, U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey
Notes: Percentages are based on the total number of children with abuse/neglect reported.
121
VIOLENT CRIME AND INJURY PREVENTION
>>Children (under 18 years) Under DYFS Supervision per 1,000 Children (2010)
35
Essex County Trend 2006-2010
30.5
30
6.3
24.2
25
24.2
2010
21.9
30.5
20
18.4
10.2
2008
15
24.1
34.3
10
12.3
6.3
5
3.5
2006
35.1
47.4
0
Total
In-Home Services
New Jersey
Out-of-Home Services
Essex County
0
10
20
Out-of-Home Services
30
40
In-Home Services
50
Total
The rate of children under DYFS supervision was down in Essex County between 2006 and
2010, but still exceeded the statewide rate though it was statistically no different than the
state rate..
Source: NJ Department of Children and Families, Division of Youth and Family Services
122
VIOLENT CRIME AND INJURY PREVENTION
>>Motor Vehicle Crash Death Rate: Age-Adjusted Rate per 100,000 Population
14.0
Essex County Trend 2004-2008
12.0
10.0
11.0
9.0 9.3
8.7
8.6
8.0
8.0
8.4
8.0
7.2
6.4 6.2
6.0
5.7
2008
6.2
2007
6.4
2006
7.8
2005
8.2
2004
9.0
0
4.0
2
4
Essex County 2002 - 2008: 8.0
6
8
10
Essex County 2008: 6.2
2.0
0.0
2004
New Jersey
2006
Essex County
Union County
2008
National Benchmark: 12.0
Baseline: 13.8 Target: 12.4
Middlesex County
The motor vehicle crash death rate declined in Essex County and all geographies studied
between 2004 and 2008.
• The Essex County motor vehicle crash death rate was better (lower) than the Healthy
People 2020 target and the County Health rankings benchmark.
Source: NJ Department of Health and Senior Services, Center for Health Statistics, NJ State Health Assessment Data
Note: Rates are calculated per 100,000 population of the county and state and are age-adjusted to the 2000 U.S. standard million population.
123
VIOLENT CRIME AND INJURY PREVENTION
>>Deaths due to Falls: Age-Adjusted Rate per 100,000 Population
Essex County Trend 2004-2008
5.0
4.5
4.5
4.2
4.2
4.4
4.2
4.0
3.3
3.5
3.0
4.5
4.4
3.7
3.5
3.0
2.7
2008
4.4
2007
4.5
2006
4.2
2005
5.3
2004
3.0
2.5
2.0
0
1.5
1
2
3
4
5
6
Essex County 2008: 4.4
1.0
0.5
0.0
2004
New Jersey
2006
Essex County
Union County
2008
Middlesex County
Baseline: 7.0 Target: 7.0
Deaths due to falls increased between 2004 and 2008 in New Jersey, Essex County, and
Middlesex County.
• The 2008 Essex County rate is even with the statewide rate, at 4.4 per 100,000. This is
better (lower) than the Healthy People 2020 target.
Source: NJ Department of Health and Senior Services, Center for Health Statistics, NJ State Health Assessment Data
Note: The Healthy People 2020 goal is to, “prevent an increase in fall-related deaths.” 2004 Essex Data not Statistically Significant due to too
few cases.
124
VIOLENT CRIME AND INJURY PREVENTION
>>Deaths due to Poisoning: Age-Adjusted Rate per 100,000 Population
Essex County Trend 2004-2008
14
12.7
12
10.2
10
8
9.2
9.2
9.0
8.7
7.6
6.5
6
5.4
5.8
5.6
2008
8.7
2007
8.8
2006
12.7
2005
19.0
2004
9.2
4.7
0
4
5
10
15
20
Essex County 2008: 8.7
2
0
2004
New Jersey
2006
Essex County
Union County
2008
Middlesex County
Baseline: 13.1 Target: 13.1
Deaths due to poisoning per 100,000 decreased in Essex County between 2004 and 2008.
• The rate of deaths due to poisoning was lower (better) than the Healthy People 2020
target.
• The rate of poisoning deaths was not statistically different than the statewide rate.
Source: NJ Department of Health and Senior Services, Center for Health Statistics, NJ State Health Assessment Data
Note: The Healthy People 2010 goal is to, “prevent an increase in the rate of poisoning deaths.”
125
DEMOGRAPHICS
Population Change: 2000 - 2010
6%
Population Change
4.5%
4%
1.3%
2%
0%
-2%
Geography
2000
2005
2010
% Change
New Jersey
8,414,350
8,521,427
8,791,894
4.5%
Essex
County
793,633
783,969
-1.2%
Newark
273,546
265,375
277,140
1.3%
Irvington
60,695
59,532
53,926
-11.1%
East Orange
69,824
62,240
64,270
-8.0%
-1.2%
-4%
769,628
-6%
-8%
-8.0%
-10%
-11.1%
-12%
New Jersey
Essex County
Newark
Irvington
East Orange
Essex County’s population is stagnating behind statewide growth.
• Irvington and East Orange are facing significant population declines, while Newark is
seeing slight growth.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey
126
DEMOGRAPHICS
100%
2010 Population by Race/Ethnicity
Essex County Trends
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
White
Black/AfricanAmericans
Hispanic/Latino
Asian
New Jersey
68.6%
13.7%
17.7%
8.3%
Essex County
42.6%
40.9%
20.3%
4.6%
Newark
26.3%
52.4%
33.8%
1.6%
Irvington
5.6%
85.4%
10.6%
0.9%
East Orange
4.1%
88.5%
7.9%
0.7%
Ethnicity
2000
2010
% Change
White
352,859
333,868
-5.4%
Black
327,324
320,479
-2.1%
Asian
29,429
35,789
21.6%
Native Amer.
1,861
3,056
64.2%
Two or more
27,155
24,804
-8.7%
Hispanic
122,347
159,117
30.1%
Essex County and its major cities had higher percentages of African-American and
Hispanic populations than New Jersey as a whole.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey
Note: Numbers may not add up to 100%.
127
DEMOGRAPHICS
2010 Population by Age
Essex County Trends
35%
Age
2000
2010
% Change
0 – 17
206,950
194,918
-5.8%
25%
18 – 24
74,308
74,126
-0.2%
20%
25 – 44
247,139
223,876
-9.4%
45 – 64
170,856
200,762
17.5%
65 – 84
82,069
76,660
-6.6%
85 +
12,311
13,627
10.7%
30%
15%
10%
5%
Median Age (2010)
0%
0 -17
18 - 24
25 - 44
45 - 64
65 - 84
85 +
New Jersey
39.0
New Jersey
23.5%
8.7%
26.7%
27.7%
11.5%
2.0%
Essex County
36.4
Essex County
24.9%
9.5%
27.5%
25.7%
9.9%
1.7%
Newark
32.3
Newark
25.6%
11.9%
31.9%
22.1%
7.7%
0.8%
Irvington
25.4%
10.6%
30.0%
25.1%
8.1%
0.9%
Irvington
34.0
East Orange
25.7%
10.2%
27.8%
24.6%
10.3%
1.5%
East Orange
35.0
The population age cohorts with the highest growth between 2000 and 2010 in Essex
County were those 45 – 64 and 85+.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey
128
Essex County Health Issues identified by Secondary Data
Heart Disease
• Age adjusted mortality rate higher than the Healthy People (HP)
2020 target.
 The rate of cardiovascular disease, heart attack, and diabetes among
Newark residents is almost twice as high as the county rates
•
Essex County residents report higher cholesterol levels at a rate (3
times) higher than the HP 2020 target.
Cancer
• The age adjusted rates above the HP 2020 target.
 Mortality rates among blacks in Essex County were significantly higher
than the rate county wide.
•
The percent of women who had a pap smear in the last 3 years
was 11.7% points below the HP 2020 target.
129
Essex County Health Issues identified by Secondary Data
Septicemia and Diabetes
• Mortality rates for Septicemia and diabetes were significantly
higher in Essex County than statewide.
 Blacks had significantly higher mortality rates for septicemia and
diabetes than residents county wide.
Years of Potential Life Lost
• Essex County residents had a higher rate of premature deaths than
residents statewide and far worse than the county health ranking
(CHR) national benchmarks.
Maternal and Child Health
• Infant mortality rates higher than the state.
• The rate of low birth weight and very low birth weight infants
higher than the HP 2020 target and the state average.
 The rates for both indicators were higher among blacks than all County
residents.
• The percent of Essex County women receiving 1st trimester care
was 8.6% points below HP 2020 target.
130
Essex County Health Issues identified by Secondary Data
• The percent of women receiving no prenatal care was significantly
higher than the statewide rate.
• Teen births 15-19 were nearly double the CHR benchmark.
• Primary C-section rates were significantly higher than the statewide
rate.
Health and Behavioral Health Status and Prevention
• Essex County residents report significantly more mentally and
physically unhealthy days than the CHR benchmarks.
• Immunizations for flu and pneumonia were 27.5% and 35.2% points
lower than HP 2020 target.
• Essex County adults reporting any physical activity in the last month
7% points below the benchmark.
 Newark 10% below benchmark.
131
Essex County Health Issues identified by Secondary Data
Substance Abuse and Mental Health
• Tobacco use 2.8% points higher than HP 2020 target.
• Excessive drinking reported 6.0% points higher CHR benchmark.
• Admission rates for heroin/other opiods, cocaine ,and other drugs
significantly higher than statewide rates.
High Risk Sexual Behaviors
• STD rates significantly higher than the state rate.
 Chlamydia seven times higher than CHR benchmark.
•
HIV/AIDS prevalence in Newark twice the County rate.
 Three times higher than state
 Blacks represent 77.8% cases.
 The prevalence rate in Newark is nearly twice the county rate.
• New HIV/AIDS cases declined between 2006 and 2010 by 50% but
remain significantly higher than the State.
132
Essex County Health Issues identified by Secondary Data
Health Care Access
•
Lack of Primary Care Physicians
 Essex County has significantly fewer primary care physicians
(99.7/100,000) than the national benchmark (158.5/100,000).
•
•
•
•
19.1% of adults 18-64 report being without insurance coverage.
Essex County ranks third statewide in ED utilization
Adult ED visits for primary Care conditions in Essex County were
significantly higher than statewide.
ACSC visits among children and adults significantly higher than
statewide.
 Top 5 ACSC among children – ENT*, asthma, GI obstruction, cellulites,
and bacterial pneumonia
 Top 5 ACSC conditions among adults ENT, asthma*, cellulites,
kidney/UTI, dental conditions.
133
Essex County Health Issues identified by Secondary Data
Physical Environment
• Air Quality
 Number of unhealthy air quality days for fine particulate matter
and ozone significantly higher than CHR benchmark.
• Lead Paint Hazard
 Aging infrastructure poses lead-based paint hazard.
 The percentage of Essex County children with high and very high
blood lead levels significantly higher than statewide.
• Ready access to Fast Food and liquor – limited access to
Recreation.
 53% of all restaurants fast food benchmarks 25%
 High concentration of liquor stores.
 Less recreational facilities than statewide.
134
Essex County Health Issues identified by Secondary Data
Social and Economic Factors
• Low income, high poverty and unemployment compared to state.
 Essex County has significantly higher percentage of SNAP residents
than the state.
•
•
The percentage of Newark families receiving various types of
public assistance is two times the national average and three times
that of New Jersey.
Education and Health Literacy
 16.5% of Essex County Residents did not complete high school.
 East Orange, Irvington, and Newark report 1.5 to two times the county
level.
 Increasing number of residents with limited English Proficiency.
135
Essex County Health Issues identified by Secondary Data
Violence & Injury Prevention
•
•
•
Safety is a major concern, violent crime rate are two times the
state rate ten times the national benchmark.
Homicide rates three times the state rate.
Rate of Children under DYFS supervision is significantly higher that
the statewide average.
136