Animals and plants in danger of
extintion in the Portuguese
territory
Project Socrates Comenius
“Green Harmony”
Agrupamento de Escolas de Campo Maior
Portugal
Were known as in
danger of extinction
species which
numbers of those
individuals is too
small with imminent
risk of disappearing if
not properly
protected.
That happens due to
the economic
interests, the pollution
and the human
growth.
Many of the animals
who are in danger of
extinction in the
Iberian peninsula live
in Portuguese
territory.
We are now going to
know some of them.
Maybe the best known by the fact
that in risk of extinction is the
Iberian lynx
NAME OF SPECIES:
Common:
Iberian lynx.
Scientific:
Lynx pardinus.
CHARACTERISTICS OF SPECIES:
During the day it lives hidden, hunting only at dusk.
It feeds on wild rabbits.
GEOGRAPHY:
Serras Algavias, Alcáçovas, Comporta, Alcacer do Sal, Tejo Internacional, Serra de Portel
and Serra da Malcata
CAUSES OF EXTINCTION:
Habitat destruction, mainly of Mediterranean scrub, has been reducing their populations.
Other one know for
the same reason is
the imperial eagle.
NAME OF OF SPECIES:
Common:
Imperial eagle.
Scientific:
Aquila adalberti.
Exists only in the Iberian Peninsula.
CHARACTERISTICS OF SPECIES:
Hawk large, with 1.75 to 1.85 m wingspan.
Beak robust and yellow.
Plumage very dark brown with the edge of the wings, neck and shoulders white whites.
It feeds on rabbits, small mammals and some birds of medium size.
GEOGRAPHY:
Very rare. The worldwide exists only in the southwestern Iberian Peninsula.
CAUSES OF EXTINCTION:
The destruction of their habitats due, for example, the replacement of forests by pine and
eucalyptus, which means there are now only less than half a dozen imperial eagles among
us.
Well known and feared
in the past by
shepherds...
The woulf
NAME OF OF SPECIES:
Common:
Wolf
Scientific:
Canis lupus signatus
CHARACTERISTICS OF SPECIES:
Smaller than the other wolves.
Weight of around 30 to 45 Kg
Head bulky.
Triangular ears.
Wraparound eyes, topaz.
Members feet long and bulky.
It feeds on deer and deer.
GEOGRAPHY:
Region center-east, in areas along the border with Spain.
CAUSES OF EXTINCTION:
The destruction of their habitat and undeserved bad reputation placed him at serious risk
of extinction between us. Already disappeared in the Alentejo, with only five populations
with few individuals in mountainous regions - Geres, genuineness, Bragança, and Malcata
Montemuro - where the destruction is less and less man has easy access.
This is perhaps one of
the less commonly
known species mainly
when compared with
the common stork.
We talk about the
black stork.
NAME OF OF SPECIES:
Common:
Black Stork.
Scientific:
Ciconia nigra.
CHARACTERISTICS OF SPECIES:
Plumage white belly and black on the back, tail, head and neck.
Beak and legs bright red.
It feeds on large insects, crustaceans, amphibians and small fish.
GEOGRAPHY:
Regions inland, near the international sections of rivers Douro, Tagus and Guadiana.
CAUSES OF EXTINCTION:
The destruction of forests, wetlands, streams and lakes as well as pollution from
pesticides, puts this species in risk of extinction in Western Europe, particularly in
Portugal.
We use to see this eagle, in our fields, but till
when? The bonelli eagle!
NAME OF SPECIES:
Common:
Bonelli eagle.
Scientific:
Hieraaetus fasciatus
CHARACTERISTICS OF SPECIES:
It has a length of 60 cm and wingspan of 165 cm.
GEOGRAPHY:
Live in pairs in the mountainous regions of southern Europe and northern
Africa.
CAUSES OF EXTINCTION:
Small bird predatory, It is on track of extinction due to insecticides and
fungicides used by farmers. These products attack the chemicals that insects
are eaten by small mammals that serve as food for eagles, that provokes grave
poisonings.
And now this that its
one of the most rares.
The eagle owl.
NAME OF SPECIES:
Common:
Eagle owl
Scientific:
Bubo Bubo
CHARACTERISTICS OF SPECIES:
Nocturnal bird of prey, like the owl, but of large
dimensions, could reach 1.70 of wingspan.
GEOGRAPHY:
It inhabits in regions of low human occupation, or of difficult access. Typically mountain
massifs, valleys and rocky coastal cliffs. In Portugal we can find him in the lane of Tras-osMontes, Beira Interior, Alentejo and Algarve.
CAUSES OF EXTINCTION:
The risk of shock and electrocution in power lines, the pursuit by humans who consider
him a destroyer hunting, the disappearance of their main prey and the degradation of their
habitats of nesting or feeding.
Sometimes at night we
can see the or heard the
Screech owl flying in our
towns
NAME OF SPECIES:
Common:
Screech owl
Scientific:
Tito alba
CHARACTERISTICS OF SPECIES:
It measures about 32 to 36 cm in length. It
is characterized by having a flattened face
and heart-shaped. The entire upper body is
in shades of brown with patches of gray. The
tail is the same color, and is square and short.
The beak is gray and hooked. This bird has a
habit of swinging from side to side and blow loudly in order to defend themselves from
predators.
GEOGRAPHY:
It is a bird course. Spend the daytime in crevices in trees, cavities in rocks, ceilings or
attics of houses, church towers etc. In Portugal we can find him from north to south.
CAUSES OF EXTINCTION:
The intensification of agriculture, pesticides, reduction in the number of rodents due to
storage of grain in bins
And now let's discuss some of the existing
plant species in our country and that are at
risk of extinction
NAME OF SPECIES:
Common:
Morning glory of Espichel
Scientific:
Convolvulus fernandesii
CHARACTERISTICS OF SPECIES:
Branched shrub with white flowers. Lives in crevices of limestone outcrops and unstable
substrates along the cliffs with southern exposure. Flowering takes place from February to
June.
GEOGRAPHY:
Species is very rare and restricted to the Cape area and the coast of Espichel Arrábida
mountain.
CAUSES OF EXTINCTION:
The causes of extinction, are tourism and economic exploitation of these areas.
NAME OF SPECIES:
Common:
Scientific:
Linaria Ricardoi
CHARACTERISTICS OF SPECIES:
Linaria ricardoi is an annual plant up to 15cm, linear leaves and fleshy, with margins
slightly rolled. The inflorescences are generally comprised of (a) 2-3 flowers of violet color,
but in years of heavy spring rains, the plant can grow to 50cm and produce dozens of
flowers
GEOGRAPHY:
This is an annual plant that grows in the region of Beja, Alentejo and blooms in March and
April. Occurs preferentially in grain fields of wheat and oats with low human intervention in
under-covered with olive trees or riding the berms and alleys.
CAUSES OF EXTINCTION:
Use of herbicides as a result of intensive agriculture, I and ntense pasturing has
contributed decisively to a sharp population decline.
NAME OF SPECIES:
Common:
Mondego narciso’s
Scientific:
Narcissus scaberulus
CHARACTERISTICS OF SPECIES:
This species usually occurs in open areas and forest clearings, and only in granitic
substrates The flowering period is very short, from February to April depending on weather
conditions
GEOGRAPHY:
It lies in the Mondego River Basin.
CAUSES OF EXTINCTION:.
A possible cause of the extinction of that is the extent of the forest that changes the
conditions of light soil
NAME OF SPECIES:
Common:
Myosotis-of-Beaches
Scientific:
Omphalodes kuzinskyanae
CHARACTERISTICS OF SPECIES:
There remain nine settlements, restricted to an area of ​
about 5.2 hectares. The population trend is very marked regression.
GEOGRAPHY:
The plant is endemic of the nature reserve Sintra-Cascais
CAUSES OF EXTINCTION:.
The major reasons are the construction of buildings and landfills and trampling caused by
the opening of roads and rise of human pressures
NAME OF SPECIES:
Common:
Algarve diabelha
Scientific:
Plantago algarbiensis
CHARACTERISTICS OF SPECIES:
Plants perennial. The leaves are linear and sharp.
GEOGRAPHY:
The Algarve Diabelha know only three nuclei, which occupy 50 hectare and is one of those
entered in the Site of Community Importance Barrocal. The known population does not
exceed ten thousand individuals
CAUSES OF EXTINCTION:.
The major reasons are the construction of buildings and landfills and trampling caused by
the opening of roads and rise of human pressures
Bibliography
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