Lecture6 - Utah Valley University Herbarium
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Utah Flora BOT2100 Lecture 6 Angiosperm Families II Including: Brassicaceae Lamiaceae Polemoniaceae Scrophulariaceae Utah Flora BOT2100 Quiz 2 Part A On the sheet of paper provided, please answer the following questions (spelling counts): 1. To which family does this specimen belong? 2. What type of leaves does this specimen have? 3. Are the petals fused or separate? Utah Flora Quiz 2 Part B BOT2100 1. On a new sheet, please determine this specimen to genus (spelling counts). This specimen belongs to family: Hydrophyllaceae 2. If time remains, for extra credit, determine this specimen to species You may use your Utah Flora, your notes, or any other handouts provided in class for Part B Utah Flora 25 families BOT2100 Lamiales 1,300 genera 26,300 species Major Families Boraginaceae – forget-me-not, Cryptantha Hydrophyllaceae – waterleaf, Phacelia Lamiaceae – mints, oregano, thyme, Salvia Scrophulariaceae – snapdragons, Penstemon Utah Flora Lamiales Lamiaceae Worldwide Utah BOT2100 Labiatae 236 genera 7,173 species 30 genera ~60 species (Native and Introduced) •aromatic annuals, perennial herbs, or shrubs; stems mostly square •leaves opposite or whorled, always simple •inflorescence in cymes, often capitate or in dense verticels •flowers superior, perfect, regular or irregular •calyx fused, 5 lobed, often 2-lipped •corolla fused, 5 lobed, often 2 lipped •stamens 2-4, sometimes exserted, usually in unequal pairs •fruit 4, 1 seeded nutlets Utah Flora Lamiales Lamiaceae Labiatae BOT2100 Agastache Worldwide Utah 20 species (Native) 2 species •perennial herbs •leaves opposite, deltoid or subcordate, entire or toothed •flowers irregular •calyx 5-lobed, sometimes irregular •corolla 5-lobed, 2 lipped •stamens 4, exserted, upper pair longer than lower •4, 1 seeded nutlets Utah Flora Lamiales Lamiaceae Labiatae Agastache urticifolia •sagebrush valley & montane species •plants perennial (sometimes flowering a 3rd year) •leaves petiolate, blades serrate to crenate •corolla whitish, stamens exserted BOT2100 Utah Flora Lamiales Lamiaceae Labiatae BOT2100 Monardella Worldwide Utah 20 species (Native) •clump-forming, sub-shrubs (woody near ground) •leaves opposite, entire or toothed •flowers regular, in dense, terminal, capitate heads •calyx 5-lobed, regular •corolla 5-lobed, regular •stamens 4, exserted •4, 1 seeded nutlets 1 species Utah Flora Lamiales Lamiaceae Labiatae Monardella odoratissima •sagebrush valley to montane species •inflorescence of dense, terminal, capitate heads •calyx 5-lobed, regular •corolla 5-lobed, regular •stamens 4, exserted BOT2100 Utah Flora Lamiales Lamiaceae Labiatae BOT2100 Salvia Worldwide Utah ~470 species (Native and Introduced) •annual, perennial herbs, or shrubs, strongly aromatic •leaves opposite, entire or toothed •inflorescence of capitate cymes or verticillasters •calyx 5-lobed, 2-lipped •corolla 5-lobed, 2-lipped •stamens 2, sometimes exserted •4, 1 seeded nutlets 4 species Utah Flora Lamiales Lamiaceae Labiatae Salvia dorrii •desert or sagebrush valley species •plants many branched shrubs •leaves entire, less than 5 cm long •corolla bluish to purplish •stamens exserted BOT2100 Utah Flora Lamiales BOT2100 Scrophulariaceae Worldwide Utah 170 genera 3,634 species 21 genera 130 species (Native or Introduced) •annuals, perennial herbs, or shrubs •leaves alternate or opposite, simple or compound •inflorescence in solitary, thyrses, cymes, often in dense verticels •flowers superior, perfect, regular or irregular •calyx fused or distinct, 5 lobed •corolla fused, 5 lobed, often 2 lipped •stamens 5, 4 fertile and 1 staminode (infertile) •fruit a capsule Utah Flora BOT2100 Lamiales Scrophulariaceae Penstemon Worldwide 275 species Utah ~70 species (Native) •perennial herbs, often glandular •leaves opposite, simple, entire or toothed •inflorescence of cymes, often in dense verticillasters •calyx 5-lobed; corolla 5-lobed, 2-lipped •stamens 4, staminode 1 •fruit a capsule Utah Flora Lamiales Scrophulariaceae Penstemon humilis •montane species •plants many branched perennial herbs •leaves entire •corolla bluish to purplish, glandular •staminode bearded BOT2100 Utah Flora Lamiales Scrophulariaceae BOT2100 Castilleja Worldwide Utah (Native) 200 species 16 species •perennial herbs, often glandular, hemi-parasitic •leaves alternate, simple, entire or lobed •inflorescence of terminal spikes •calyx 4-lobed, tubular, petaloid •corolla 4-lobed, galea (beak-like upper lip) & 3-lobed lower lip •stamens 4 •fruit a capsule Utah Flora Lamiales Scrophulariaceae Castilleja miniata •montane species •plants hemi-parasitic perennial herbs •leaves entire •calyx petaloid (orange in this species) •corolla composed of: galea (beak-like upper lip) 3-lobed lower lip BOT2100 Utah Flora 17 families Brassicales 398 genera Major Families Brassicaceae – mustards Capparidaceae – bee-plants, capers BOT2100 4,450 species Utah Flora Brassicales Brassicaceae Worldwide Utah BOT2100 Cruciferae 338 genera 3,710 species 50 genera 148 species (Native and Introduced) •annuals or perennial herbs, rarely sub-shrubs •leaves alternate, simple or compound •inflorescence in spikes, racemes, or panicles •flowers superior, perfect, regular •calyx separate, with 4 sepals •corolla separate, 4 petaled, blades spreading in cross shape (cruciform) •stamens 4, in unequal pairs •fruit a silique or a silicle (2 carpelate & divided by a replum) Utah Flora BOT2100 Brassicales Brassicaceae Cruciferae Descurainia Worldwide Utah (Native and Introduced) 50 species 4 species •annual or biennial herbs, herbage often stellate pubescent •leaves alternate, pinnately compound •inflorescence racemose •calyx of 4 sepals; corolla of 4 petals, yellowish •stamens 6 •fruit a silique (a pod that is more than 3 times longer than wide) Utah Flora BOT2100 Brassicales Brassicaceae Cruciferae Descurainia sophia •annual herb; exotic weed •leaves 2-3 times pinnately compound •siliques linear, up to 30 mm long, from 1-2 mm wide Utah Flora BOT2100 Brassicales Brassicaceae Cruciferae Lepidium Worldwide Utah (Native and Introduced) 230 species 19 species •annual, biennial or perennial herbs, rarely sub-shrubs •leaves alternate, simple or pinnately compound, entire or lobed •inflorescence racemose •calyx of 4 sepals; corolla of 4 petals, mostly whitish •stamens 6 •fruit a silicle (less than twice as long as wide), usually round Utah Flora BOT2100 Brassicales Brassicaceae Cruciferae Lepidium montanum •perennial herb; sometimes a sub- shrub •leaves simple or pinnately compound •silicles round, up to 2-4 mm long, from 2-3 mm wide Utah Flora 25 families BOT2100 Ericales 346 genera 11,515 species Major Families Ericaceae – manzanita, blueberry Polemoniaceae – carnations, Phlox Primulaceae – primroses, shooting-stars Utah Flora BOT2100 Ericales Polemoniaceae Worldwide Utah 236 genera 7,173 species 15 genera 74 species (Native and Introduced) •annuals, perennial herbs, or rarely sub-shrubs •leaves alternate or opposite, simple or compound •inflorescence in solitary or in cymes, often capitate •flowers superior, perfect, regular or rarely irregular •calyx fused, 5 lobed •corolla fused, 5 lobed, often with a long tube •stamens 5, sometimes exserted •fruit a capsule Utah Flora Ericales Polemoniaceae BOT2100 Phlox Worldwide 70 species Utah 16 species (Native) •perennial herbs, often prostrate or decumbent & mat-forming •leaves opposite, simple, entire •inflorescence solitary or in cymes •calyx 5-lobed, often with scarious margins •corolla 5-lobed, salverform •stamens 5 •fruit a capsule Utah Flora Ericales Polemoniaceae Phlox austromontana •perennial herb, stems mat-forming •leaves simple & opposite, narrow & spine-tipped •flowers solitary & terminal BOT2100 Utah Flora Ericales Polemoniaceae BOT2100 Polemonium Worldwide Utah (Native) •perennial herbs, often aromatic •leaves alternate, pinnately compound •inflorescence terminal or axillary cymes •calyx 5-lobed, herbaceous •corolla 5-lobed, campanulate to funnelform •stamens 5, inserted or exserted •fruit a capsule 27 species 6 species Utah Flora Ericales Polemoniaceae BOT2100 Polemonium foliosissimum •perennial herb, stems erect •leaves alternate & pinnately compound •flowers terminal & axillary, cymose Utah Flora BOT2100 Assignment •Draw and label species provided in lab •Make sure to label those morphological features that helped you identify the sample (the characters in the key) •Identify & label all samples to family and genus •For Practice: use A Utah Flora to identify & label all samples to species (other than any we determined in class together)
