Dog
Classification
The domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris and Canis lupus dingo) is a domesticated
form of the grey wold, a member of the Canidae family of the order Carnivora. The
term is used for both feral and pet varieties. The dog may have been the first animal
to be domesticated, and has been the most widely kept working, hunting, and
companion animal in human history. The word "dog" may also mean the male of a
canine species, as opposed to the word "bitch" for the female of the species.
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Class:
Mammalia
Order:
Carnivora
Family:
Canidae
Genus:
Canis
Species:
C. lupus
Subspecies:
C. l.
familiaris and
C. l. dingo
These are a carnivorous species which can adapt to a wide ranging diet such as meat but it can also include vegetables
and grains. A number of common human foods and household ingestible are toxic to dogs, including chocolate
(theobromine poisoning), onion and garlic (throsulphate, sulfoxide or disulfide poisoning), grapes and raisins,
macadamia nuts, as well as various plants and other potentially ingested materials.
Dogs were domesticated from gray wolves about 15,000 years ago. Dogs perform many roles for people, such as
hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship, and, more recently, aiding
handicapped individiuals. Over the 15,000 year span the dog had been domesticated, it diverged into only a handful
of landraces, groups of similar animals whose morphology and behavior have been shaped by environmental factors
and functional roles. Through selective breeding by humans, the dog has developed into hundreds of varied breeds,
and shows more behavioral and morphological variation than any other land mammal.
The typical lifespan of dogs varies widely among breeds, but for most the median longevity, the age at which half the
dogs in a population have died and half are still alive, ranges from 10 to 13 years.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dog
Skeleton of a Dog
1
11
10
3
12
2
6
4
8
9
28
13
27
14
29
23
24
7
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Maxilla
Mandible
Incisive bone
Frontal bone
Zygomatic arch
Parietal bone
Temporal bone
Occipital bone
15
22
30
31
16
5
9. Atlas
10. Axis
11. Cervical vertebrae
12. Thoracic vertebrae
13. Lumber vertebrae
14. Wing of Illium
15. Bod og ilium
16. Coccygeal vertebrae
17. Ishium
18. Femur
17
26
25
19. Tarsus
20. Metatarsal bones
21. Phalanges
22. Tibia
23. Ribs
24. Costal cartilages
25. Phalanges
26. Metacarpal bones
21
20
27. Humerus
28. Scapula
29. Radius
30. Ulna
31. Carpus
19
18
3.
11.
2.
8.
1.
9.
4.
7.
5.
1.Nasal aperture
2. Infraorbital foramen
3. Maxially foramen
4. Fossa for lacrimal sac
5. Orbit
6.
6. Zygomatic process of
frontal bone
7. Zygomatic arch
8. External sagittal crest
9. Nuchal crest
10. External occipital
protuberance
11. Cranium
6.
2.
7.
8.
9.
1.
10.
11.
5.
3.
1. Hard palate
2. Choanal region
3. Oval foramen
4. Base of cranium
5. Forament lacerum
6. Tympanic bulla
7. Jugular foramen
8. Paracondylar process
9. Hypoglossa canal
10. Occipital condyle
4.
11. Foramen magnum
2.
3.
4.
Canine skull
5.
6.
7.
1.
8.
13.
1. Infraorbital foramen
2. Orbit
3. Zygomatic arch
4. Temporal fossa
5. Parietal bone
6. Nuchal crest
7. Nuchal surface
8. Occipital condyle
9. Tympanic bulla
10.External acoustic meatus
11. Retroarticular foramen
12. Retroarticular process
13. Pterygopalatine fossa
10.
11. 9.
12.
Rostral view of a
canine skull
1.
3.
2.
4.
5.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Nasal bone
Incisive bone
Maxilla
Zygomatic bone
Mandible