Objective
• General
 Provide
the scientific framework of the OL
Trap Program of Dengue vector control
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Objective
• Specific
 Explain
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the concept of vector control
 Explain dengue vector control
 Explain Integrated Vector Control (IVC) and
Integrated Vector Management (IVM)
 Discuss the components of IVC from vector
biology to control measures
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Objective
• Specific
 Describe
vector surveillance as it applies to
dengue OL Trap in a classroom setting
 Answer the fourteen questions enumerated
in the situationer
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Objective
• Specific
 Identify
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the following
 Mosquito eggs in a lawanit paddle
 Ovitrap (black tumbler and paddle)
 Mosquito larva
 Pupae
 Positive/negative trap
 Adults
 Entomological forms (Ovitrap/OL Trap)
 Pellets
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Situationer
• Urban / semi-urban setting
• Big public elementary school in City “X”
• 3-story building (~30-35 feet)
• 10 classrooms per floor 16x20 feet per
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room)
• 50-55 pupils occupy one classroom from
8am-5pm
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Situationer
• ~ 1,200-1,500 pupils
• No electric fans in the classrooms
• One aircon and/or electric fan at
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principal’s office
• Houses near the school
• Presence of flower vases, water
containers
Click Here
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Questions
• How many ovitraps/OL Traps are
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needed to be installed in the
elementary school?
• Where should the traps be installed?
• When should the traps be installed?
• How frequent should the traps be
installed?
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Questions
• What is the procedure to be followed in
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installing the traps? In servicing the
traps? What is the meaning of servicing
the traps?
• Who will install and service the traps?
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Questions
• Who will monitor and check the traps?
 Monitor
 Empty tumbler
 Missing tumbler/paddle
 Check
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 If positive/negative?
• Is there a form to be filled-out?
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Questions
• What index needs to be obtained?
• What formula is to be used?
• What is the meaning of the index
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obtained?
• Who will record and compute for the
index?
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Questions
• To whom should the data be submitted
to? Why?
• For how long will this ovitrapping be
done?
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What’s inside?
• Vector
• Surveillance
• Prevention and Control
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Vector
• An arthropod (insects, mites, ticks) that
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are capable of: acquiring, supporting
the development and transmitting a
pathogenic agent (bacteria, viruses,
parasites) from one host to another
host
Example: mosquito Aedes sp.
transmitting dengue virus
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Vector Control
• suppression of a target population by
using measures to alter the vector
reproductive capacity or potential (Vector
Genetics Course, 2010, India)
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Dengue Vector Control
• Application of various anti-DEN
mosquito measures to alter the life
cycle of the mosquito
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Dengue Vector Control
• Specific Targets
 Prevent
and cut dengue transmission by:
 Targeting larval stage through


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

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Trapping
Larviciding
Container management
Environmental sanitation
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Dengue Vector Control
• Specific Targets
 Prevent
and cut dengue transmission by:
 Targeting adult stage through

Adulticiding
» Space-spraying
» Aerosol treatment
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
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Genetic manipulation of
reproductive capacity of mosquito
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Dengue Vector Control
• Specific Targets
 Prevent
and cut dengue transmission by:
 Prevention of man-mosquito contact


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

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curtains
Screening of doors and windows
Long pants
Repellants
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Integrated Vector Control
• Combination of 2 or more vector
control activities supplementary to
each other towards reduction of
dengue incidence
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Integrated Vector Management
• utilization of technical and managerial
measures to bring about an effective
degree of vector suppression
to prevent and control
transmission
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Components of IVC
• Vector biology/behavior
• Surveillance tool (Ovitrap/OL Trap
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surveillance index)
• Critical Threshold Density Index
(effective degree of vector suppression
[Ovitrap index]
• Control Measures
• Monitoring and evaluation
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The Vector
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Vector Biology
Aedes aegypti
General
characteristics
- primary vector
- involve in cases of
epidemics
- urbanized areas
- lives indoors
- secondary vector
- maintains the virus in
the environment
- rural areas
- lives outdoors
Breeding habitat
- confined to artificial
containers indoors
- prefers to breed
outdoor, in natural
containers
Resting habits
- rests in cool, dark
corners of the house
- rests outdoors in
clearings and
vegetations
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Aedes albopictus
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Morphology
Aedes aegypti
Size
- 3-4 mm
- same
Color
- dark brown to black
- same
Thorax
- lyre-shaped white
marks or scales
- single white marks
Abdomen
- with white scales
- with white and dark
marks
Legs
- with white marks
- same
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Aedes albopictus
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Vector Characteristics
• Biting Habits
 “daybiters”
with two peaks of biting time:
 1 to 2 hours after sunrise
 1 to 2 hours before sunset
 only
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female mosquitoes bite because of the
requirement of blood for oviposition
 males do not bite but feed on plant juices
and nectar of flowers
 man is the preferred host but
in his absence, lower
vertebrates serve as substitute
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Vector Characteristics
• Flying Habit
 do
not fly great distances
 farthest flight distance is within 200 to 400
meters radius from their breeding places
• Adults found around 50 meters from
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the breeding sources
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Bionomics
• at temperatures <10oC and >40oC, no
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developmental process takes place
• females mates with male only once
• Blood meal takes place after
48 hours from emergence and
after mating for egg
production
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Bionomics
• oviposition takes place about 2 to 5
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days from blood engorgement
• prefers dark-colored background for
oviposition
• lays egg 3 to 4 times in its lifetime
 60
to 100 eggs per batch
• Survival potential: 20-30 days
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Life Cycle (10-12 days)
Eggs:
- Black and oval in
shape
- Laid singly above
water surfaces of
containers
- Without float
- Viability: 6 months
to 1 year due to
the presence of
chorion
Adult
-Maxillary pulps
shorter than probosis
-Wings uniformly
grayish black
-Body and legs are
black with distinctive
white patches
throughout
-Thorax has
markings
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1 - 2 days
Pupa
-Non-feeding stage
-Breeding trumpet is
long, slender with
narrow opening
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2 - 3 days
6 - 8 days
DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
Larva:
- Feeding stage
- Breeds in clean and
non-polluted water
- Short and stout
siphon with one pair
of hair tuft
- Rests at an angle to
the water surface
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Surveillance
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Vector Surveillance
• Collection and interpretation of data
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which can be used to guide mosquito
vector control operations
• Establish baseline
• Presence or absence of vector
 Species?
 Density?
 Changes?
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Dengue Surveillance Tool
• Classical OVITRAP/LARVITRAP
•
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•
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(black tumbler, paddle, water)
Modified OVITRAP is the OLTRAP
(black container, paddle,
water and organic
larvicide)
2 adults (females)
emerging per day
(Malaysian experience)
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Difference between tools
Ovitrap
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OL Trap
Eggs on the paddle
- Yes
- Yes
Live larva seen
- Yes
- No
Action
- Eggs trapped
- Eggs trapped
With organic larvicide
Value-added
-
- Yes
- Additional attractant
(kills larva)
Risk
- with white marks
- same
Benefit
- Breeds Aedes, if
uncollected (set and
collect)
- Breeds Aedes, if
uncollected after 7
days (set and collect)
Index (CTDI)
- Ovitrap index : 10%
- OLTrap: 10%
None
None
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Ovitrap Index
Total Number of positive traps
X 100%
Total Number of traps planted
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If OI is >10%, the place is vulnerable to
dengue transmission.
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Critical Threshold Density Index
(CTDI)
• Actual target for the degree of vector
suppression
• Predictive value for the prevention of
dengue transmission
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Remember:
• A positive trap means there is at least
one mosquito laying its eggs in the
sampling site (surveillance site)
• Aim is eliminate this one mosquito
laying its eggs
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What is DOST Mosquito Ovi/Larvicidal
(OL) Trap System?
• Is a system used to control the population of the
dengue carrying Aedes mosquitoes.
• It has three important parts: a black container, a
small strip of lawanit measuring 1” x 6.5” for
mosquitoes to lay their eggs on, and pellets as
larvicide.
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Tumbler
•The OL-Trap’s ovicidal and larvicidal effect
prevent the next generation of mosquitoes from
reaching adulthood, thus curbing the Aedes
mosquito population.
Paddle
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DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
Pellets
38
HOW THE OL-TRAP WORKS?

The idea is to attract mosquitoes particularly the
Aedes aegypti and albopictus (dengue carrier) to lay
their eggs on the lawanit paddle.

The trap creates optimum conditions for this species
to lay its eggs: stagnant, clean, clear water, dark
area and damp rough surface.
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
The eggs will either be trapped in the lawanit paddle
or find its way into organic solution, where they are
killed before transforming into adults.
Eggs
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Larvae
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Distribution of OL Trap
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CLASSROOM
1 OL Trap –indoor
and
1 OL Trap-outdoor
CLASSROOM
1 OL Trap –indoor
and
1 OL Trap-outdoor
CLASSROOM
1 OL Trap –indoor
and
1 OL Trap-outdoor
CLASSROOM
1 OL Trap –indoor
and
1 OL Trap-outdoor
SCHOOL
CLASSROOM
1 OL Trap –indoor
and
1 OL Trap-outdoor
1 OL Trap indoor
1 Tumbler (Black
Container)
1 sachet of pellet per week
1 pc paddle per month
1 OL Trap outdoor
CLASSROOM
1 Tumbler (Black
Container)
1 sachet of pellet per
week
1 pc paddle per month
Servicing the OL Trap
• OVITRAPS are installed and serviced
every seven days in locations where
transmission of dengue is probable


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



8 April 2015
nursery schools
pre-schools
elementary schools
Hospitals
community with confirmed dengue cases
Ovitrap Index = > 10%
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Before OL Trap Installation
• Clean-up all possible breeding sites/containers found
inside/outside the classrooms – DO SEARCH and DESTROY
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Artificial containers
(man-made)
1. Flower vases and pot plates
2. Pails, water-storage jars, basins
3. Discarded receptacles
4. Choked roof gutters
5. Gully Traps
6. Unused toilet bowls and cisterns
7. Aircon Tray and dish rack tray
8. Concrete drains
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Natural containers
1. Tree Holes, bamboo stumps
2. Leaf axils, fallen leaves
3. Ground Depressions
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Where to set up the DOST OL-Trap?
A. Indoor:




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
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Under the sink
Corner of the room
Under the cabinet
Under the bed
Inside the comfort room
B. Outdoor (covered area):
 Corner of the classroom
 Near vegetation
 Piles of woods/hollow
blocks
 Garden
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Setting the OL Trap
• Step 1
 Fill
the plastic tumbler with tap
water up to the lined mark just
above the DOST logo (~250 ml)
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Setting the OL Trap
• Step 2
 Pour
one pack OL pellets
into the plastic cup
 Stir thoroughly to ensure
pellets are dissolved
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Setting the OL Trap
• Step 3
 Place
the lawanit stick in the
solution with the rough
surface facing up
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Setting the OL Trap
• Step 4
 Place
1 cup each inside
and outside the classroom
in a low-lying and dark area
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 If outside, protect from direct
sunlight and rainfall
 Take care not to spill the
contents
 Keep out of reach of children
and animals
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Setting the OL Trap
• Step 5
 Collect
trap and note for
the following on the seventh (one
week after installation (every
Monday) day
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
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 Eggs on the paddle
 Live larva/pupa
 The presence of even one
larvae indicates a positive trap
Record in the OL Trap
Monitoring Sheet (3 copies)
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Setting the OL Trap
• Step 6
 Repeat
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steps 1-5 every 7 days
 Set and collect the traps every Monday
 Finalize report every Tuesday
Note: If collection period falls on a holiday, please
collect traps a day before
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Cleaning the Trap
• Vigorously brush-off into
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the solution eggs stuck
into the lawanit creases
• Kill the larva/eggs by
pouring hot water into
the black tumbler
• Dispose contents
properly by pouring
contents on dry ground
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Identifying a POSITIVE/NEGATIVE Trap
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Presence (+)/ absence (-)
of eggs in the paddle
Presence (+)/ absence (-) of larvae
in the container/tumbler with water
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An OL Trap is positive or negative if;
Paddle
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Tumbler
RESULT
Positive (+) Positive (+)
=
POSITIVE (+)
Positive (+) Negative (-)
=
POSITIVE (+)
Negative (-) Positive (+)
=
POSITIVE (+)
Negative (-) Negative (-)
=
NEGATIVE (-)
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OL Trap Monitoring Sheet
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Click
here
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Filling Out of Monitoring Sheet
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Click
Here
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Prevention / Control
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School Assemblies
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School Dengue Brigade
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Search and Destroy Activities
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Brigada Iskwela
(School Clean-ups)
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Installation of Long-lasting
Insecticide-treated Nets (LLINs)
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Space-spraying Activities
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“Dengue prevention and control
rests primarily on the people who live
in the houses where the problems
occur and by the people who help
create the mosquito larval habitats
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by their lifestyles.”
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