An Urban Territory: The Metropolis
A Metropolis and Its Issues
Chapter 1
Pages 14 - 48
Terms to Know and Define

1. URBAN

9. CONCENTRATION

2. METROPOLIS

10. IMMIGRANT

3. MULTI-ETHNICITY

11. DOWNTOWN

4. HOUSING CRISIS

12. SMOG

5. TERRITORY

13. CONSUMPTION

6. SUBURB

14. DISEASE

7. POPULATION

15. CITY

8. MIGRATE

16. INFRASTRUCTURE

17. URBAN SPRAWL
Greater Montreal Area (GMA)
*Notes*
Page 17

Question D 
Where is the GMA located in relation to Quebec as
a whole? How is this an advantage?

Answer D 
The GMA is located in southern Quebec and
Montreal is also close to the St. Lawrence River &
the
USA.
Some advantages are:
- money from tourism (USA)
- convenient for ships to come into the ports
(trading / economy / jobs)
- Climate is _____________

Question E)
What characteristics of the GMA territory
have been favourable to its development?

Answer E)
- We live near different bodies of water.
- We have fertile soil and a flat landscape.
- We also have a favourable climate for
agriculture.
*Notes*
Page 17 … continued
Question F/G) 
- What is urban sprawl, and how has this
occurred in the GMA area over the past 50
years?
Answer 
- Urban Sprawl is the expansion of the
city into the suburbs. In the past 50 years,
Montreal has spread into Laval and the
South shore.
Page 18-19 (What do you think?)
Question 
How many people live in the Greater Montreal
Area?
Answer 
3.5 million people live in the GMA …(2013 = 3.8 million)
Question 
What are the characteristics of this population?
Answer 
Other than French (56%) and English (26%), the
most common people who live here are Italian,
Spanish, Chinese, and Arabic. (Multi-Ethnic)
Homework

Write down how to say “Hello. How are
you?” in your mother tongue. / language
of choice

Have a look at map # 6!

Now look at the next slide!
What observations can you make
about this population density map?
(write your observations in your notebook)
Page 21 #B

Question B 
In the Greater Montreal Area, where are the industrial areas
concentrated?

Answer B
The Industrial areas are mostly near Lake St. Louis, a.k.a.
near highways, tunnels, some are near water, near residential
areas, near shopping, near suburbs.

Question B 
What about the commercial & residential areas?

Answer B 
- The commercial areas are mostly near the St. Lawrence River
a.k.a. also near homes and the center of Montreal (Downtown).
- The residential areas are all over the GMA.
Let’s Read Pages 22-28!
As we read and discuss, I would like you to
write down:

TWO interesting facts for Drawing Power (pgs. 22-25)

TWO interesting facts for A Metropolis With
International Influence (pgs. 26-28)

Make sure to TITLE your facts:
“Drawing Power”: Pgs.22-25
“A Metropolis with International Influence”: Pgs. 26-28
Page 22-25: Interesting Facts!
Drawing Power (pgs 22-25)

1) There are over 50 libraries in Montreal

2) There are over 120 religious facilities in Mtl

3) About 9 000 000 people travel through
Trudeau Airport each year

4) There are approximately 20 hospitals in Mtl.
Page 26-28: Interesting Facts!
A Metropolis With International Influence

1) Our PORT is the largest in N.A.

2)Montreal has over 70 international organizations
(Example: UNESCO)

3) Montreal has 2 international Airports

4) Many international companies come from close by
(Example: USA = 53% of international business)
Homework (Due Tuesday, Oct. 15th)
 Read
pages 30 – 33
 Answer questions A + B
(found on pg. 33)
 Read
pages 34 – 35
 Answer questions A + B
Instructions:
1 – Date your page
2 – Label Questions and Answers
3 – Includes Titles (underline)
4 – Copy questions carefully, skip a line, & write down the
answer
5 – Leave space in between questions for corrections
6 – Write answers neatly in PENCIL
Issue #1: Getting around in Montreal
Page 32-33

Question A
Why are there traffic trouble spots in certain
places in the GMA? Where are these trouble spots?

Answer A
There are traffic trouble spots in certain places in the
GMA because in Mtl. a lot of people use cars and they need
to get to different spots at the same time. The trouble spots
are mostly located in the urban areas (bridges, near schools,
hospitals, highways, etc)
Issue #1: Getting around in Montreal
Page 32-33 (continued)
 Question B 
Among the causes mentioned, which are particular
to certain days or times? Which are constant?

Answer B 
There is constant traffic during rush hour,
summer = construction,
severe weather = snow removal,
July 1st = moving day,
holidays = shopping, visiting family, etc.
Other Modes of Transportation!
Solutions to the problem of getting around
Pages 34 +35
Question A 
Which modes of transportation, besides cars, are
available to residents of the island of Montreal?
Northern and Southern rings?
Answer A 
Besides cars you can use public
transportation, such as the metro,
buses, commuter train = AMT, Bixi
bikes, taxis, etc.
Solutions to the problem of getting around
Pages 34 +35 (continued)
Question B 
In your opinion, why is public
transit used more on the island of
Montreal than elsewhere in the GMA?
Answer B
There is more service in the heart of
Montreal compared to the other
parts of the GMA because …
(ANSWERS WILL VARY)
Other Modes of Transportation
MODES OF
TRANSPORTATION
METRO
ADVANTAGES
DISADVANTAGES
-Lotsthe
of space
- Fast
-Can be dirty –Crowded
What are
advantages
and disadvantages
of each of
-No pollution -attached to mall
-Strangers – Sometimes late
the modes
of transportation
used
in Montreal?
-No traffic
– cheaper than car –
-Doesn’t
bring you to door
-Travel far – warm in winter
-Breakdowns –lines don’t go to
suburbs
-Bus lanes on highways
- Options for different fares
-Cheaper than cars – EXPRESS BUS
–
-Traffic – Crowded - Has to STOP
-Pollution - Late
-Dirty - Strangers
BIXI BIKE
-Can go around traffic
-Environmentally Friendly
-Healthy - Cheaper than car
- 1st fifteen mins are free
-You have to deal with cars
(dangerous)
- Don’t come with helmets
- germs! - weather!! – expensive
deposit
AMT TRAIN
-Fast
- no worries about parking
-Air-conditioned
-Breakdowns
- Bad scheduling (on weekends)
TAXI
-Good when in a hurry
- 24 hrs service - Have your own
-Expensive!!
-Drivers can be bad
BUS

Make A Chart!!!
Let’s read pages 36-37 together!
I need 5 readers!
HOMEWORK (DUE WEDNESDAY)
1) Finish TRANSPORTATION chart!
-----------------------------------------------2) Pg. 38 (white bubble on left). Try to
answer the question: What problems
will this family face in its search for
housing? Why?
 Question

What problems will this family face
in its search for housing? Why?
 Answer 
The problems this family will face:
1) Finding a house they can afford
2) Finding a place big enough
3) Finding a place where heat & electricity are
including.
4) No $ for extra events, expenses, etc...
5) Rent increases will be bad
Amenities

Any feature that provides comfort &
convenience.

Microwave, Washing Machine, Stove,
Fridge, Dryer, Pool
Understanding Apartment Sizes in Montreal
a 3½ = is a 1-bedroom apartment
 a 4½ = is a 2-bedroom apartment
 a 5½* = is a 3-bedroom apartment

How does it work?
bedroom
=1
living room = 1
kitchen
=1
bathroom = ½
TOTAL = 3 ½
bedroom
=3
living room = 1
kitchen
=1
bathroom = ½
TOTAL = 5 ½
Issue #2: Finding Housing in Montreal
Pages 38 - 43

(Page 39) Question A 
What observations can you make by comparing the costs of housing
units in different parts of Montreal? What are the impacts of these costs?
Answer A 
Most of the time it costs more to live in the heart
of Montreal than the northern & southern rings.The
closer you are to resources (metro, buses, banks, grocery
stores, etc.) the higher the rent.

The impact is that families move off-island.This
increases traffic. More schools need to be created offisland (this affects Mtl. schools!)
Issue #2: Finding Housing in Montreal
(continued)
(Page 39) Question B 
Why do many tenants in the city of Montreal have trouble
finding housing at a cost within their budget?


Answer B 
1. It costs more to live in the big city.
2. Big families need a lot of space and in Montreal,
spacious apartments/houses =
(expensive).
3.There isn't enough cheap housing for lowincome families.
4. Mtl = big city = LOTS of ppl. want to live here!
Issue #2: Access to Housing
Pages 40 - 41
(Page 41) Question B 
Why do some people have trouble finding housing
in Montreal?


Answer B 
1. Prices have increased considerably
(Over 66% of tenants in Mtl. use over 50% of
their paycheck to pay rent)
2.There is very little housing available
(Vacancy = less than 1%)
Issue #2: Access to Housing (continued)
(Page 41) Question D 
In your opinion, what are the reasons that some people
choose to live in the suburbs rather than a big city?


Answer D 
People choose to live in the suburbs because it
costs less money for the same amount of land.
e.g. A house & yard "this size" in the suburbs
costs less than a house & yard of "the same size" in
the big city.
Living in the City!
ADVANTAGES
DISADVANTAGES
Near many schools
Parking can be a problem
Lots of different modes of
TRANSPORTATION
Not enough HOUSING
Downtown SHOPPING!
Higher TAXES
Closer to work!
Traffic
You don’t need a CAR!
Noise Pollution
Lots of DIVERSITY
Higher Crime Rate
Living in the Suburbs!
ADVANTAGES
DISADVANTAGES
Less NOISE pollution
Not as many choices (schools)
Less litter (cleaner)
More travelling
(to get to the city)
Cheaper HOUSING
Less PUBLIC TRANSIT
(more people have cars)
Less traffic in some places
Taxes can be lower
Less DIVERSE
Tenants, Landlords, & builders
Pages 42 - 43
What do you think? Question  What do tenants want? What
about landlords and contractors?

Builders want …
1) …
2) people to stop …
3) …

Tenants want …
1) More …
2) governments to …
3) More …
Landlords want … 
1) …
2) …
Tenants, Landlords, & builders
Pages 42 - 43
What do you think? Question  What do tenants want? What
about landlords and contractors?

Builders want …
1) social housing groups to stop giving builders a bad
reputation (stop harassing & vandalizing).
2) people to stop being frustrated with developers since
there is little low-cost housing because of government
cuts to social housing.
3) their right, to choose the type of housing they want to
build, to be respected.

Tenants want …
1) more social housing, affordable rent, & more
help for low-income families.
2) governments to force landlords to
renovate/fix-up their rental properties.
3) more understanding landlords (e.g. single
parents)
Landlords want … 
1) governments to relax the laws concerning
rental properties so they have the right to set
the price for their rental properties w/out the
rental board interfering.
2) more understanding from the public about
the taxes they have to pay & renovations they
do.
Issue #3: Managing waste in Montreal!
What are we doing with our waste?
Look at the white box on the left of page 44 and
answer all 6 questions for next class!
Some terms!

1) Population Density

2) Public Transit

3) Tenant / Landlord

4) Landfill

5) Selective collection / Hazardous
Waste
Let’s read & discuss pages 44-45

Key Ideas
Tonnes of Waste (Pgs. 46 – 48)
•
Question A 
In what ways could the amount of
waste thrown away in garbage bags be
reduced?
•
Answer A 
People have to start reducing,
reusing, & recycling. Communities have
to start providing selective collection.
•
Question B 
How could this practice affect waste
management costs?
•
Answer B
The waste management costs ($)
would decrease & this money ($)could
be put towards more recycling, etc…
•
Question C 
Can hazardous waste be buried
with other waste of be incinerated?
Why?
•
Answer C 
Hazardous waste cannot be
buried w/ other waste or incinerated
because it carries the risk of polluting
the air & bodies of groundwater.
•
Question D 
In your opinion, why is it important
to recycle construction materials?
•
Answer D 
Discuss everyone’s opinion!
•
Question E 
Why is it difficult to open new
landfill sites near Montreal?
•
Answer E 
You need a lot of land, people don’t
want a landfill in their backyard, and there
are many laws that need to be respected
when looking for a site.
Terms to Know!
6 - Life Expectancy
7 - Level of Development
8 - Least-developed countries
9 - Developing countries
10 - Industrialized countries
11 - Gross domestic product (GDP)
12 - Literacy Rate
Remember:
 If you don’t
understand the definition
you find at first, you need
to look in another place
for a simpler definition.
13 - Shantytown
14 - Densely populated area
15 - Imbalance
16 - Latitude
17 - Longitude
18 - Urban Sprawl
19 - Economic development
20 - Infrastructure
Places to look:
- dictionary,
- textbook glossary,
- textbook pages (Unit 1),
& in your notes!
Unit 1, Chapter 2
Our World and its Issues
Let’s read and discuss A / B on pages 50 – 51
Pages 52 – 53

Answer C 
The levels of development of the parts
of the world located above the red line are
DEVELOPING & INDUSTRIALIZED.
Below the red line is DEVELOPING and
LEAST-DEVELOPED.
(exception = Argentina)
Homework

Inequalities within metropolises
Pgs. 54 - 55 Questions A to C

Urbanization & Urban Growth
Pages 56-57 A to E
Inequalities within metropolises
Pages 55 A-C
Question A
What types of dwellings are in the foreground of document 6? In the
background? What part of the population do you associate with each of these
types of dwellings?

In the foreground there are many small homes, shanties, very close
together.

In the background there are tall buildings, (high-rise), mountains,

Shantytowns = there is a large, poorer population living in the
foreground.There seems to be a wealthier population living in the
background (skyscrapers, larger homes).
Shantytown in Brazil
Question B 
Among the various documents presented on
these two pages, which one helps you understand
poverty the best? Why?

Answer B 
Documents 7 helps us understand poverty
the best because there are many shanties, the
condition of the clothing, & they’re barely
wearing any shoes on their feet. Homes are
next to train tracks. **Also, the children are
not in school**.


Question C 
When you look at document 8, what observations can you make from the
data given for Bangladesh? Brazil? Canada?

Answer C 
- GDP Per Capita = Canadians earn the most / Brazilians earns an
average amount / ppl. From Bangladesh earn the least.
- Life Expectancy = Canadians live the longest and ppl. from
Bangladesh live the shortest lives in these three.
- Literacy Rate = 1 out of every 100 Canadians cannot read. Less than
half of the ppl. from Bangladesh can read.
- Percentage of urban population = Canada 80% of the population
lives in urban areas. Brazil 86% & Bangladesh 24%.
- Percentage of urban population living in shantytowns =
Urbanization & Urban Growth
Pages 56-57 A-E

Question A 
What parts of the world are the most urbanized?

Answer A 
- Mainly located on plains, near waterways, &
seacoasts.
- Eastern and Southeast Asia.
- N.A & S.A
- OCEANIA

Question B 
What is the most densely populated area in the world?
What is the level of development of the countries that are
part of it?
Answer B 
The most densely populated area in the
world is Eastern & Southeast Asia (on plains,
near waterways, & along seacoasts).

The level of development is average (made up
of developing countries) & low (made up of
least-developed countries).
Question C 
Why isn’t Montreal one of the world’s
largest population centres?

Answer C 
It is not one of the world’s largest
population centres because Mtl. only has
a population of 3.8 million and we need
at least 8.2 million inhabitants to qualify.

Question D 
Among the world’s 25 largest population centres in
2003, how many were located in developing countries?

Answer D 
13 of the largest population centres were
located in developing countries.

Question D 
In 2015, in what part of the world will most of the
L.P.C. be located?

Answer D 
In 2015, most of the L.P.C. will be located in
Eastern & Southern Asia.

Question E 
What observations can you make about the
development of the world’s urban population?

Answer E 
1. Asia is the most densely populated area in
the world & this will likely continue.
2. Cities are growing!
3. Cities with large populations have growing
economies ($$$)
4. Montreal, in the next few years, will still
not be one of the 25 L.P.C.
5. Most of the densely populated areas are
above the equator.

Homework
Urban Growth & Urban Sprawl
Pages 58-60 A – F
Urban Growth & Urban Sprawl

Question A 
What do you see in the foreground, In the middle
ground, and in the background of Document #6?

Answer A 
In the foreground, there are many cramped
shantytowns.
In the middle ground, there is more green & a
little more development.
In the background, there seems to be better
living conditions (bigger buildings)

Question B 
Compare Chicago with Sao Paulo. What observations can you
make about how these 2 cities developed?

Answer B 
Sao Paulo seems as though it developed in a rushed
time-frame without much organization.That may be why
there are many unstable homes / shantytowns.

The buildings in Chicago are not as cramped and have
better streets / roads.There seems to be better housing
as well.This probably means there was a lot of
organization and ppl. took their time to plan how to
develop the city carefully.

Question C 
Why is it hard to plan the development of big cities in
developing countries?

Answer C 
It’s hard because large amounts of ppl. just move in
because they need jobs.
Governments in developing countries often do not
have the financial means to construct roads, homes, etc..
properly or support the community.
There is virtually no planning & the population grows
rapidly as well.

Question D 
What living conditions often await new
arrivals in cities in developing countries?
Why?

Answer D 
- It is an average way of living.
-

Question E 
Why are the populations of big cities
increasing so much?

Answer E 
These cities may be popular because
of all the hopes that these cities hold
for better health care, education, jobs,
living conditions, etc…

Question F 
Why are the populations of rich countries
increasing less rapidly than those of developing
countries?

Question F 
The # of children a family has depends on
culture, way of life, tradition, etc... For example,
industrialized countries are having 1-2 children
per family & least-developed countries are
having 4-8 children per family.
Homework
Mega crossword on Thursday, Dec. 12th
+ questions on urban growth