WASTE
SEGREGATION
Daiva Atmanaviciene
Egle Biciute
Contents:
- Is it a problem in our countries?
- why segregate?
- waste categories
- where to start?
- how to do that?
- do’s & don’ts
IS IT A PROBLEM IN OUR COUNTRIES?
Municipal waste
generated
Landfilled
(%)
Incinerated
(%)
Recycled (%)
Composted
(%)
(kg per person)
Denmark*
673
3
54
23
19
Germany*
583
-
38
45
17
EU average
503
37
21
24
14
Bulgaria
410
99
-
-
0
Turkey*
386
85
-
-
1
Lithuania
381
86
-
3
2
Romania
365
79
-
1
-
Poland
315
61
1
15
7
European Union Municipal Waste Statistics 2010
(Eurostat data)
WHY SEGREGATE?
For Individual homes
• Better management of household
waste
• Eco-friendly image generates respect
among peers
• Practical education of children on
topics such as materials, recycling,
decomposition
For Community
• Eco-friendly image;
•Community generates respect among
peers
• Reduced expense for disposal of solid
waste
• Income generation through sale of
recyclables
For Community & Society
• Better management of household
waste
• Increased recycling of plastics,
paper etc
• Hazardous waste kept out of
landfill
• Employment generation in
recycling industry
The life story of our garbage if you do not recycle
3
1
2
Finally, dumped in waste
dump
on the outskirts of the
city
Its birth – in dustbins
from our home
A. If we dump it
Toxic material in waste goes into our
ground water.
Disease bearing bacteria breed in the
garbage. 1 cubic meter of garbage
breeds 7.5 lakh flies.
B. If we burn it
Picked up in
an auto,
transferred to
a truck
Dioxins
Or burnt
CO, CO2, NO2
Toxic gases are emitted, that we
breathe in
Cause Cancer, Respiratory
diseases.
Cause birth defects in new born
when inhaled by
pregnant mother.
Furans
MOST OF OUR GARBAGE IS
ALMOST IMMORTAL!!!
Decomposition times
Banana Peel:
Paper / cardboard:
3-4 weeks
2 months
Steel Can:
50 years
Plastic Bags :
20-1000 years
Glass:
1 million years
What do you change?
…to This
wet waste
dry waste
composting
recycling
sanitary waste
hazardous & e-waste
incineration
recycling/safe disposal
Waste Categories
Wet Waste
Sanitary Waste
Debris/Inert
Dry Waste
Hazardous/ e-waste
Where to start?
You have start at home
Wet Waste
Sanitary Waste
Dry waste
Hazardous/ e-waste
Debris/Inert
Collect in a pedal bin lined
with newspapers. DO NOT
USE PLASTIC BAGS.
Collect in newspaper bag
kept in bathroom
Collect in a bag in the
kitchen/utility
Collect small items
in a cover
Collect in a bin in
the utility
DAILY
DAILY
WEEKLY
QUARTERLY
PERIODIC
What is NOT Wet Waste
What is Wet Waste?
 Vegetable/Fruit waste
x Soiled food covers
 Food waste except very oily waste
x Sanitary Waste such as napkins and diapers
 Tea leaves/Coffee powder
x Cigarette butts
 Garden trimmings/leaves
x Watery stuff (drain away the liquid from sambhar/curry
before disposing it for composting)
 Flowers
 Pencil shavings
x Bits of plastic (cut pieces from your milk covers can harm
biogas/composting process)
 Match Sticks
x Dead animals (rats, cockroaches etc.)
 Shredded Newspaper
x Weeds and diseased plants from the garden
 Soiled Tissue Paper
Watery
Sambhar
/Rasam/Curr
ies. Drain
liquid before
disposal
Take-way container
with yoghurt
Coconut
Shells
(collect
separately .
Can be used
as fuel)
Home Composting Options
Use Compost …
Did you know: A firm in Bangalore has an order from Japan to export
2500 tonnes of compost to enrich the coastal areas devastated by 2011
tsunami.
http://www.bangaloremirror.com/index.aspx?page=article&sectid=1&conten
tid=201201192012011905082181299adafb5
- As a Fertilizer
- As a Soil Conditioner
- For Soil erosion control
More :
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uses_of_compost
What is Dry Waste?
Plastics, Metal
Paper











•
Plastic bags
Plastic bottles
Plastic packaging
Broken toys
Bubble wrap
Aluminum cans/foil
Metal bottle caps
Take-away containers*
Food packets*
Pickle packs*
Milk Sachets*
DUMP LITTER
containers of paint, coolant;
• grease, oil, pollution, dirty packaging;
• plastic toy;
• CD, DVD;
• toothbrush;
• packets of crisps.








Tickets
Bills & statements*
Envelopes & Covers
Notices
Pamphlets
Paper wrappers
Computer Printouts
Paper plates
DUMP LITTER
the wallpaper;
• used paper
handkerchiefs,
napkins, paper
towels;
• glossy paper.
http://www.zaliojilietuva.lt/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/5.jpg
Glass
 Glass bottles & Jars
 Incandescent Bulbs,
 Broken glass
DUMP LITTER
porcelain breakage;
mirror shards;
spectacle lenses;
broken car windshield;
crystal;
pottery shards;
glass drug vials.
Textiles
footwear;
clothing;
blankets;
bedding;
curtains
What is NOT Dry Waste
x Wet waste (yuck! ruins the waste carefully segregated by others)
x Sweeping dust, wood waste etc. (dispose with debris waste or with wet waste)
x Human/Animal hair (it’s of course dry but sadly not recyclable, dispose with
sanitary waste)
x Soiled food covers/containers (rinse and dry them before disposing with dry
waste)
x Sanitary Waste such as napkins and diapers (dispose used/unused diapers etc.
with sanitary waste)
x Cigarette butts
Do not dispose take
away containers with
food.
Dispose food in Wet Waste
bin, rinse and dry the
container/cover and before
disposing with dry waste
Do not dispose Human
or pet- hair with dry
waste. Dispose these in
Sanitary Waste
Do not dispose ear buds,
waxing strips etc with Dry
Waste. These should go with
Sanitary Waste.
Dry Waste Sorting at Home
Once a week sort dry waste collected in your bag into
Plastic, Paper, Metal & Others. Dispose to common dry
waste collection
What is Haz/E-Waste?
 Paints
 Automobile Lubricants
 Dry Cells (Batteries)
 Car /2-wheeler batteries
 Fluorescent Lamps
 Mobile
 Chargers
 Computer peripherals
 CDs
 …anything with a plug
Hazardous Waste
IN CONCLUSION (WHY AND HOW?)
In sum
We cannot kill our
garbage by dumping or
burning it.
We can only Recycle it.
To recycle we need to
segregate at the source,
which is our homes.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wetdyfTQVyg
Recyclanthem
Cans and bottles, don’t throw it away,
Paper, plastic don’t throw it away,
Recycle and Recycle,
Let’s all try and recycle.
We’re on a mission to save the
world,
Doesn’t matter if you’re a boy or a
girl,
Don’t put it off and don’t hesitate,
Because tomorrow …. may be too
late.
17