Sustainable transport
Stockholm as an example
Gustaf Landahl
City of Stockholm
Emissions of carbon-dioxide
Greenhouse gas emissions per person in Stockholm
Tonnes CO2-ekv per capita
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
5,4
4,5
4,0
3,0
Fossil fuel free
1990
2000
Real Development
2005
2015
2050
Goals
Emissions from transport
(thousand tonnes CO2 ekv)
1 000
800
600
400
200
0
2000
2005
Rail
Flight
2010
Working machinery
Shipping
2015
Road
Sustainable mobility
by Carrots & Sticks!
Sticks
Carrots

Environmental zones 
for lorries and busses
Improved facilities for
cyclists

Congestion taxation

Attractive public
transport

New ways of transport
– Car-sharing clubs
– Better information
– Adaptive traffic
signals

Goods logistics

Clean vehicles
Facilitate for cyclists
 Safety
–
–
–
–
–
cycle paths
Good crossings
B&R, parking, rain shelters
Free air compressors
City-bikes
Attractive public-transport
Marketing
 free tickets for special groups i:e
new citizens
 trip-guarantees
 Real-time information
 smart-cards
 78 % market share in rush-hour
Vehicles
 Metro and commuter trains run on
green electricity
 Fossil fuel free busses:
 50% by 2011
 100 % by 2020
Car, cycle and public transport to
the inner city
Thousand of commuters per weekday
180
160
140
120
Cyclists
Cars
Public transport
100
80
60
40
20
0
19
98
19
99
20
00
20
01
20
02
20
03
Year
20
04
20
05
20
06
20
07
Goods distribution
O-central old town
win-win-win
– Better accessibility
– Better city environment
– Better for the customers
Provider
Before
Customer
Goods distribution
 Logistic centre building
material
Provider
After
– Less transport, better environment,
lower costs
– require an active partner
– Can be supported by incentives
Customer
Congestion-charging zone
Definition of a clean vehicle
Local
Emissions
(PM, NOx)
Biodiesel
Diesel
Petrol
LPG
Petrol
E 95
Biogas
H2, electricity
(water
power)
E85
(electric
hybrid)
CNG
electricity
(EU mix)
Global effect
(CO2)
Source: Miljöfaktabok för bränslen, IVL
Svenska miljöinstitutet 2001
Emissions of GHG in a LCA perspective
Source: EU JRC/CONCAWE 2007
Market share of clean vehicles cars in
Stockholm
40%
Citycars
35%
Target
2010*
30%
25%
E85
Methane
20%
Electric and Hybrid
15%
Sweden in total, Sw
Transport Agency
10%
Sweden in total
Bilsweden
5%
0%
09-sep
2008
2007
2006
www.miljobilar.stockholm.se
2005
MILJÖFÖRVALTNINGEN
2004
2003
2002
2001
MILJÖBILAR I STOCKHOLM
*(Stockholms Miljöprogram 2008-2011)
SIDAN 15
Conclusions


Both Carrots and sticks are needed
to create sustainable transport
Introducing new technologies can be
driven by creating a demand
–


Incentives are sometimes needed to
start the market
Local governments can
–
–
–

Public procurement can have a large
impact
Help citizens chose climate smart
Lead the way with real action
Influence national government for a
agreement in Copenhagen
EU should recognize renewable
fuels as a part of the solution
THANK YOU !
Gustaf Landahl
gustaf.landahl@miljo.stockholm.se
+ 46 8 508 28 916
www.stockholm.se
www.trendsetter-europe.org
www.best-europe.org
Oil and gas production
Source:Colin Campbell 2004