GCSE AQA Graphics
Further Research
Issues
Materials
Manufacturing Specification
Page 1
• Title:
– Further Research
– ½ page per part
Further Research
• Comment on each part of your game:
– Counters, box, box graphics, cards, instructions, tray/insert & board
Part
Prototype
Material
Real World
Process
Material
Process
Counters
Acrylic
Laser cut
ABS
Injection moulded
Box
600 micron card
Laser cut
600 micron card
Die cut
Box graphics
Paper stuck onto
the card
Digital printing
– 80gsm
Direct onto the card Paper
Gravure
Cards
Paper
Digital printing &
Encapsulation
Card (coated, or spray
varnished)
Gravure
Instructions
Paper
Digital printing &
Encapsulation
Coated paper
Gravure / offset
lithography
Tray/insert
600 micron card
Laser cut
HIPs
Vacuum forming
Board
Board backing fabric, 2mm grey board with
paper. Digital printed graphics.
Board backing fabric, 2mm grey board with
coasted paper. Gravure printed graphics.
• What materials and process would you use for your prototype and why?
• What materials and process would you use in the real world?
Layout
NAME
Brief and Survey
Issues
•
•
•
•
Social
Moral
Environmental
Sustainability
• Around the product, materials and
manufacture methods chosen.
Social, cultural, moral,
environmental, economic and
sustainability issues
AQA Graphic Products
Moral
• A designer may not want their designs to be
used to promote products that have potential
drawbacks for the consumer. An example of
this could be fast food or sweets that, with
excessive consumption, could result in long
term health damage.
• Moral factors may influence a designer's
choice of materials. For example, using
recyclable materials
Social
• Users need to be considerate in the use of their
product
– Noise from MP3 players / phones etc
• Users may stop being socialable / be more socialable
– Listening to headphones instead of speaking to each other
– Playing a game users may intereact with echother more
• Designers need to be aware of the impact of their
product and design products appropriately.
• Other social issues are:
– The aging population
– Obesity
– Smoking and alcohol use
Cultural
• Designers should be aware that some images
and text can cause offence. This can be
because they contradict people's religious or
cultural beliefs.
• Globalisation has exposed more people to
different cultures, and this has inspired
designers' work.
Economic
• Designers want people to buy their product
and for their product be desirable. They need
to consider peoples incomes.
• A consumer may want to buy a product, but
may not be able to afford it
• A manufacturer may find it cheaper to make
the product elsewhere.
Environmental / sutainability
• Designers have a responsibility to work in a way that reduces
the environmental impact of a product.
• Raw Materials
– Paper and card are made from cellulose fibre from wood, old rags or
old paper. Care needs to be taken to ensure that wood is from
sustainable forests. The processes of making paper may produce
waste.
• Manufacturing
– Inks and solvents used in manufacturing processes may be harmful
unless used and disposed of correctly.
• Products
– Products and packaging can cause large amounts of waste if they are
thrown away. However, many kinds of graphics waste can be recycled.
Environmental / sutainability
• Rethink - How can the product do the job better? Is the product energy
efficient? Has the product been designed for disassembly?
• Reuse - Which parts of the product could be used again? Has the product
got another use without having to process it?
• Recycle - Which parts of the product can be recycled? Is this information
clear on the packaging?
• Repair - Which parts might need to be replaced? Which parts might fail
with use or over time? How easy would it be to replace parts?
• Reduce - Are there any parts in your product that are not needed? How
can the amount of material be reduced? How could you simplify your
product?
• Refuse - Is your product really needed? Have you thought about the
people who might be making your product - are they treated fairly (pay,
living and working conditions etc)?
Environmental / sutainability
• Built in obsolescence is when a product is designed and made
with parts that are known to fail after a specific time. This
means a new part or a new product will have to be bought to
replace it.
• Designs that try to reduce waste will avoid built in
obsolescence.
Moral, social and ethical issues
• It is the responsibility of the designer to consider
the moral, social and cultural aspects of their
design
• It is the responsibility of the consumer to justify
and feel comfortable with their choice when
purchasing a product.
Is it ever right to:
• use child labour?
• develop cosmetics through testing on animals?
• breed, grow and sell genetically modified crops?
• demand products that encourage deforestation?
• transport day to day items on a global basis?
• use heavy pollutants in a products manufacture?
Ethical trading
To trade ethically you must at least:
• ensure safe working standards and procedures in
the factories
• set out fair pay and working conditions for
employees
• act upon the impact of production on the local
environment
• assurances that the trading procedures are sound
can be gained from the presence of the fair trade
symbol.
Mark Scheme
• The implications of a wide range of issues
including social, moral, environmental and
sustainability, are taken into consideration and
inform the development of the design
proposals
Layout
Social
Moral
Environmental
Sustainability
NAME
Brief and Survey
Page 2
• Title:
– Testing & Manufacturing Specification
– ½ page per part
Testing
•
•
•
•
Choose you materials
Test them
Take photos of the result
Write about:
– How well has it performed in that test (or not)
– Give it a score
• At the end comment what each would be
would be good for
Tests
•
•
•
•
•
•
Wear
Ease of cutting (different types of cutting)
Ease of creating
Water resistance
Appearance / aesthetics
Others?
Testing
I will… (what you plan to do)
1. Say what you plan to
do and why
2. Do the table with
results and comments
(WITH PHOTOS of
results)
3. Underneath the table
comment what each
material would be
good for and why
Material
Photos
600 micron
card
Take
photos of
all 4 tests
together in
1 photo
Tests
Wear
Ease of cutting (different
types of cutting)
Ease of creating
Water resistance
Appearance
Acrylic
Test 1
Test 2
Write
about
the
results
6/10
Paper
Encapsulated
paper
Paper with
coverseal
Grey board
Board
backing
fabric
Comments on materials chosen for purpose here
Test 3
Test 4
Layout
Comments on materials chosen for purpose here
NAME
Brief and Survey
Mark Scheme
• Appropriate materials and components
selected with full regard to their working
properties
Layout
Materials
1.1
1.2
etc
Processes
2.1
2.2
Finishes
3.1
Components
4.1
Joining
5.1
NAME
Brief and Survey
Mark Scheme
• Fully detailed and justified
product/manufacturing specification taking
full account of the analysis undertaken
Manufacturing Specification
• Headings:
–
–
–
–
–
Materials
Processes
Finishes
Components
Joining
Board – 2mm grey board, board backing fabric, graphics
Counters – acrylic
Cards/instructions – paper encapsulated
Box – 600 micron card, graphics stuck on, coversealed
Board – by hand (scissors & craft
knives) / Adobe Photoshop
Counters – laser cut
Cards/instructions – Adobe
Photoshop, cut, encapsulated
Box – 2D Design & laser cut, Adobe
Photoshop & printed, coversealed
Spray mount
Tensol cement (3D counters)
• It must be detailed and justified
– How you will make YOUR game.
Cover seal
Acrylic – self finishing
Board backing fabric
Encapsulation
Dice
Comments on materials chosen for purpose here