3D Printing
An introduction to 3D Printing in
schools and its benefits
What is 3D Printing?
3D Printing is a form of Additive
Manufacturing or Rapid Prototyping.
Its unique in its was by adding layer upon
layer to build an object as apposed to
subtractive manufacturing where the
object is built by breaking down a
component. Simular to blacksmiths or
routing or drilling.
3D Printing uses a digitally drawn object
in 3 Dimensions and slices the object into
layers.
It then adds these layer by layer to build
the object.
Fact: 3D Printing was first invented by
Chuck Hull in 1984
What forms of 3D Printing are available?
There are many forms of 3D Printing
today.
FDM (Fused Deposition Modelling)
SLA (Stereo-lithography Printing)
DLP (Digital Light Processing)
The most common type of 3D Printing
available today for consumers is FDM
printing.
Due to its low cost designs and
affordability its made its way rapidly in
the past 5 years into the market place.
A close second would be the SLA and
DLP printing thanks to some
manufacturers such as Pirate3D and B9
Creator.
This presentation will focus on FDM
based printers.
How does 3D Printing work?
FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling)
works by layering a compounds often
plastic on top of each other to form an
object
The process starts from a 3D
File/Object (STL file) rendered in a
software program capable of drawing
3D Objects.
The Object is then broken up into
layers using a slicing program the most
simplest is Makerware.
Once the object has been sliced and
rendered into a bunch of robotic
actions the printer gets to work and
lays the plastic down layer by layer.
One layer at a time the printer will lay
the compound (plastic) down ontop of
each other to build and object.
3D Printing Time-lapse Video
This is a video of an actual 3D Printer in time-lapse. Leapfrog Creatr Printer.
What Dangers are involved Surrounding 3D Printing?
Studies to date are not conclusive.
However there are some key things I
think its worth noting.
-
-
Operate your 3D Printer in an area
that has up to 10 air changes a day.
Do not touch the hot end whilst in
operation.
Always turn your machine off before
attempting any maintenance or
repairs.
Fumes expelled (Ultrafine Particles)
from the printer although noticeable
are no dangerous than the fumes we
breath in daily.
The objects you create could be
dangerous.
These are not facts they are just an
opinion.
A full report can be downloaded from the
following resource Download Link
What Materials Can you Print With?
The materials we are going to mention
here are just some of the many
materials available to 3D Print with.
In particular these materials focus on
the FDM Printing method.
- PLA
- ABS
- Laywoo-D3
- Bendlay
- PVA
- T-Glass Nylons (FDA Approved)
- Conductive
Tglass – Taulman - Nylons
Conductive ABS is a blend of ABS, carbon fiber, carbon black
Strength
- First,like
asbutadiene
it’s a taulman3D
industrial
line, it flexibility,
has to be
ABS
or
styrene
strength,
Bendlay
- Alcohol
Clear
Polycarbonate
Polyvinyl
used
a- It's
PLA,
or acrylonitrile
Polylactic
Acid,
is aismasterbatch.
biodegradable
plastic
with
lot of
LAYWOO-D3
is conductive
afilament
wood-based
3Das
printing
filament
byaainventor
and
permanent
Resulting
in
flat
black,
strong
and
we,
along
with
our
local
testers
and
some
selected
machinability,
and
higher
temperature
resistance
make
it
a
Printing
BendLay
is very
nice
print between
support
material
forit PLA
It
isand
features
that
make
great
for
3D
printing
-- to
it doesn't
giveoften
off215°
Kai
Parthy
intended
for
theprints.
RepRap
(possibly)
similar
with
littletemperature:
shine.
industrial
testers,
are
very
pleased
with
the
strength
of
tpreferred
plastic
and in
professional
applications.
to
240°C
water
soluble.
Itfor
willengineers,
disolve
a much.
fumes
like
ABS
does,
or warpfaster
nearly
as
also really
machines.
It is 40%
recycled
wood
with
bindingIt's
polymers
for the
glase.
Especially
with
the
larger
nozzles
used
on
industrial
The
hot
plastic
smell
deter
some
as
does
the
While
high speed,
bestdissipative,
layer adhesion
can beofunits.
heated
agitated
bath.
shiny.
remainder.
It
can printing
be
usedwith
for
antistatic,
static
conduction
Temperature
- Optimum
temperature
is aboutrequirement
212c to 224C,
plastics
petroleum
based
origin.
The
additional
of abut
obtained
at 240°C
PLA
is harder
than
ABS,
more
brittle,
but that
doesn't
3D
printing
with
wood
is but
remarkable
enough,
butand
this interference
filament
electric
current
and
electromagnetic
screening
will print
down
to
207C
and
to about
235C. simply
heated
print
means
there
are
some
printers
Thermal
stable
as
PLA
(65
–up
70°C)
mean
that
it'sbed
easily
breakable
-- it's
actually
super
strong -has
the
ability
to
mimic
wood
grain
by
varying
the temperature
of
shielding.
FDA
approved
–
t-glase
is
specifically
made
of
FDA
approved
incapable
of
printing
ABS
with
any
reliability.
BendLay
is a modified
ABS,
and
can
be used
in
food-packaging
just
when
itAdoes
give,
it's
more
likely
to snap
thanproduces
bend.
the
print
head.
temperature
of
180
degrees
Celsius
a
Thethat
conductive
antistatic
ABS
has
excellent
mechanical
strength,
polymers
fordevices
direct food contact/containers. This includes cups
and
medical
And
itcolor
also
stays
flexible
for aCelsius
short
while
as it flow
cools,
which
light
and
245
degrees
produces
a darker
color.
impact
resistance,
dimensional
stability,
high
creep
and
other
liquid
storage
parts
as
well
asfrom
utensils.
Its
also
worth
noting
Lego
is made
this
type
of
plastic.
The
water
absorption
is only
30%
of
the
ABS
can
be
handy.
And
it that
doesn't
and
crack
on
larger
objects
After
printing,
the
“wood”
canwarp
be
cut,
ground,
and
painted.
resistance
and
excellent
heat
and
low
temperature
resistance
Environmental
While
t-glase
is
not
biodegradable
like
PLA, it
No stress
whitening
by bending
the
way ABS
can. Basically,
each is better for different kinds
is a material
that’s
considered 100% reclaimable. Thus the new
High
interlayer
adhesion
of
things,
and getting
comfortable with PLA will give you
“struders”
that
convert
failed
printswill
back
to usable
line
work
Solubleand
in brake
cleaner;
acetone
make
Bendlay
crumble
choice
flexibility.
perfectly with t-glase. If you have a “struder”, you can actually
mix in 12% of the total weight in discarded clear water bottles.
Clarity – like 645 nylon, t-glase’s clarity supports industry’s
requirements for non-destructive evaluation of 3D Printed parts.
Shrinkage - Very low shrinkage makes printing large flat
surfaces a breeze. And it easily prints to acrylic, glass, Kapton
and other platforms.
Bridging - Those of us that have printed with acrylics and
polycarbonates are always envious of their bridging capabilities
due to glass temperature. And the new t-glase is very
impressive at bridging.
Fumes - Unlike some lines, there are no odors or fumes when
3D Printing with t-glase.
What Software is Needed to use 3D Printers?
There are two main software programs
that you’ll require to be able to
produce 3D printable files.
•
The 3D Rendering/Drawing
program
1.
2.
3.
•
123D Autodesk Design
TinkerCAD
Any 3D CAD Program Capable of
exporting or saving as STL Files
The slicing program
1.
2.
Makerware
Replicator G.
In What Subjects or Curriculum areas can I use 3D Printers?
Technology
- Woodwork, Metal Work
- Textiles
Arts
- Music
- Graphics and Media
Science
- Chemistry, Physics
Maths
English
LOTE
Health & PE
Humanities
- History, Geography
Economics
- Accounting
Printing
in wood,
protypes
and
tooling
exercises
First
Printed
Bikini
– Fabricthe
and
Clothing
Designs
Printed
Instruments
PinholeMaps
Camera
Used
to Capture
World
in the
old ways
and
Topography
Fossil
Re-Producing
from
Scans
Printing
of
Bones
and
Body
Part
Replacements
Molecule
Visualisations
andweight
Modifications
Printed
Calculations
of rotations,
and mass
3D Printing Info Graphic
http://www.onlinedegrees.org/how-3d-printing-will-revolutionize-the-classroom/
Where to from here?
The Next Slide Show (From Paper to Object)
From the Idea a student has through to a physical object in their hands.