Environmental Profiling and EN15804
EPDs
Andrew Dutfield
Centre for Sustainable Products
Flooring Sustainability Partnership 14th March 2013
Part of the BRE Trust
Overview of Presentation
– The Environmental Profiling Process
– Cross listing against existing certificates
– Listing on Green Book Live
– EN15804 EPD
How BREEAM Assessments feed through to the product
level
Generic Building Type
Commercial
Building level (element specification)
Education
Ground floor
Healthcare
Upper floor
Roof
Retail (fashion
and durability)
External wall
Window
Internal Wall
Residential
Floor finishes
Insulation
Industrial
Product level (product
specification)
Landscaping
Cradle to grave life cycle assessment using BRE Environmental Profiles
Methodology
Overview of BREEAM credits
Minimum Standards
Energy
Management
Health & Well-being
Water
Waste
Land Use & Ecology
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
Energy
Water
Materials
Transport
Waste
Pollution
Health & Well-being
Management
Land Use & Ecology
Innovation Credits
·
·
Exemplary Performance Requirements
Approved Innovation Credits
Category Scores
Tradable Credits
Environmental Weighting
·
·
·
·
·
·
Final Score
Pass
Good
Very Good
Excellent
Outstanding
≥ 30
≥ 45
≥ 55
≥ 70
≥ 85
BREEAM Materials Credits
Credit
Name
Max no credits
available
Mat 01
Life Cycle Impacts
6
Mat 02
Hard landscaping & Boundary Protection
1
Mat 03
Responsible Sourcing of Materials
3
Mat 04
Insulation
2
Mat 05
Designing for Robustness
1
BRE Environmental Profile
Type III Environmental Product
Declarations (EPD) based on following
standards:
– ISO 14040:2006 and ISO 14044:
2006 Life Cycle Assessment
– ISO 14025: 2006 Type III
Environmental Labels
– ISO 21930: 2007 Environmental
Product Declarations for
Construction Products
The BRE Global Environmental Profiles Process
Certification
only
Application and
Proposal
Client and BRE
Data collection
Client
Data review
BRE with Client
support
Verification site visit
Client and BRE
Producing the
Environmental Profile
Certification
only
Annual Verification
BRE
Client and BRE
What’s behind an Environmental Profile?
Factory Data
– Outputs
– Inputs
– Energy
– Transport
– Emissions
– Waste
Overview
Deriving the underlying data: Life Cycle Assessment
Cradle to grave
Production
Construction
Use
End of life
Overview
Calculating a single indicator: Ecopoints
Impacts
Analysis
Normalisation
Weighting
Ecopoints
BRE Impact Categories
Units
Climate change
Kg CO2 eq. (100 yr)
Water extraction
m3 water extracted (gross)
Mineral resource extraction
Tonnes of mineral extracted
Stratospheric ozone depletion
Kg CFC-11 eq.
Human toxicity
Kg 1,4 dichlorobenzene (1,4-DB) eq.
Ecotoxicity to fresh water
Kg 1,4 dichlorobenzene (1,4-DB) eq.
Nuclear waste (higher level)
mm3 high level waste
Ecotoxicity to land
Kg 1,4 dichlorobenzene (1,4-DB) eq.
Waste disposal
Tonnes of solid waste
Fossil fuel depletion
MJ
Eutrophication
Kg phosphate (PO4) eq.
Photochemical ozone creation
Kg ethene (C2H4) eq.
Acidification
Kg sulphur dioxide (SO2) eq.
Normalisation
– The impact of
one European
citizen per year
Environmental Issue
Climate Change
12.3 t CO2 eq. (100 yr)
Water extraction
377m3
Mineral extraction
– Allows direct
comparison of
impacts
Impact
Stratospheric ozone depletion
24.4 tonnes
0.217 kg CFC-11 eq.
Human toxicity
19.7 t 1,4-DB eq.
Ecotoxicity to fresh water
13.2 t 1,4-DB eq.
Higher level nuclear waste
Ecotoxicity to land
Waste disposal
Fossil fuel depletion
23700 mm3
123 kg 1,4-DB eq.
3.75 tonnes
6.51 toe
Eutrophication
32.5 kg PO4 eq.
Photochemical ozone creation
21.5 kg C2H4 eq.
Acidification
71.2 kg SO2 eq.
Weightings
Weighting
(%)
– Required to achieve
relative importance
Environmental Issue
– ..and for a single score
Climate Change
21.6
– Created by a panel of 10
European experts.
Water extraction
11.7
Mineral extraction
9.8
– Peer reviewed
Stratospheric ozone depletion
9.1
– Geographically specific to
Europe
Human toxicity
8.6
Ecotoxicity to fresh water
8.6
Higher level nuclear waste
8.2
Ecotoxicity to land
8.0
Waste disposal
7.7
Fossil fuel depletion
3.3
Eutrophication
3.0
Photochemical ozone creation
0.20
Acidification
0.05
– Basis of BRE Ecopoints
100 Ecopoints = impact of
1 EU citizen per year
How Ecopoints transfer to A+ to E ratings
Functional unit
E
D
Ecopoints for Floor Finishing Options
C
2
Ecopoints per m
m2
2.5
2
B
1.5
1
0.5
A
0
1
6
11
16
21
26
31
36
years
Point of installation
41
46
51
56
61
A+
Ecopoint scale
– Different scale of ecopoints for each building element, and sometimes
different scales for each building type
– Based on generic profiles
Healthcare
Offices
Education
A+
A+
A
A+
A
B
B
A
C
B
C D
E
D
E
C
D
E
Ecopoints per m2
What do you get from an Environmental Profile?
Certificate
Environmental
Product
Declaration
Environmental
Profiles Report
What don’t you get from an Environmental Profile?
Qualitative Impacts
Physical Properties
- Responsible sourcing
- Thermal properties
- Social impacts
- Acoustic properties
Economic Impacts
- Life cycle costing
Emissions In-situ
- IAQ and VOCs
Benefits of an Environmental Profile
• Green Guide Rating can be used to
compare:
– Materials with similar functions
– Specifications with similar functions
– Building designs over their expected
lifetimes
• Credits in BREEAM
• Product differentiation
• Competitive advantage
• Open new markets
Cross-listing against Existing Certificates
Criteria for cross-listing:
– The product to be cross-listed against must
have an existing Environmental Profile
Certification.
– The product to be cross-listed must have no
additional manufacturing by the owner or by the
company buying in the product. (It is the same
product that has been certified e.g. re-branded
with a different name)
– Cross listing is dependent upon valid
certification of original product.
Future Update to EN 15804
BRE Methodology update/alignment
ISO
14040
14044
14025
ISO
21930
EN 15804
BRE
Methodology
EN 15804
BRE Methodology update/alignment
Cradle to grave
Cradle to gate with options
(Optional)
(Optional)
(Optional)
Cradle to gate
Production
A1-3
Construction
A4-5
Use
B1-7
End of life
C1-4
Reuse
Recycling
Recovery
D
Variants of EPD
Average
product
Or
Manufacturerspecific
product
Product range
Or
Productspecific
Declared unit
Or
Functional unit
Business to
business
Or
Business to
consumer
Creating an EPD
Data collection
Data review
LCA, modelling
Verification
Publication of EPD
Creating an EPD
Data collection
Data review
LCA, modelling
Verification
Publication of EPD
Client (and LCA Practitioner)
LCA Practitioner, with
client support
LCA Practitioner
Independent verifier
Programme Operator
What does an EPD contain?
As required by the Standards:
Owner, operator, validity
Type of EPD, information
modules covered
Product details
Scenarios, calculations & results
Any other relevant product
information
Results of LCA
Damage to
environment
Climate
Change,
Acidification,
Eutrophication,
etc.
Waste & other
output flows
Hazardous
waste,
Materials for
reuse and
energy
recovery, etc.
Resource use
Renewable and
non-renewable
resources,
Water
consumption,
etc.
but
currently
excludes
toxicity…
Information Transfer Matrix
Summary, aspects of note
– Ownership
– Comparability
– Usage scenarios
– Reference Service Life
– Verification
– Sample of BRE’s EN 15804 EPD:
Thank you
Andrew Dutfield
dutfielda@bre.co.uk