COLONIALISM IN SOUTH AMERICA:
CASE STUDY- ECUADOR
WHAT IS COLONIALISM?
•“A policy by which a nation maintains or extends its
control over foreign dependencies”
•During the 15th Century the major powers of Europe
were trying to expand their territories, this was most
easily done by taking over regions which were not
already claimed by European nations
•The US started as an English colony,
•What two countries started colonizing South
America?
PIZARRO IN SOUTH AMERICA
•Pizarro’s first encounter with
the Americas was in 1502
•In 1513 he crossed the Isthmus
of Panama with Vasco Nunez
Balboa
•In 1524 Pizarro made his first
attempt at exploring South
America
•After several negative
encounters with native people
and lack of supplies the
voyage turned back to Central
America
What does this picture tell us about
Pizarro?
•In 1526 Pizarro made a
second attempt
•180 men
•Reached the Atacames in
Ecuador
•Found the Incan Empire
•1532 Pizarro and his men
approached Atahualpa, the
Incan leader- he refused their
presence
•Atahualpa is held captive
•Atahualpa is executed after
he refused to convert to
Catholicism, and for the
murder of his brother.
•One year later the Spanish
have almost complete control
over Ecuador
EFFECTS OF COLONIALISM IN ECUADOR
Action:
Result:
•Disease kills up to 58:1 person •Loss of stability
•Spanish is introduced
•Fewer people speak the
native language after one
generation
•Catholicism is introduced
•Shamanism is seen as sin
•Peninsulars take over
government
•Native people have no say
over their nation
•Nations become producers for
Spain
•Nations lose economic
autonomy
•Plantation style agriculture
•Workers see almost no benefit
from their work
•Culture is assimilated
•Spanish way of life is prized
END DAY 1
CULTURES AROUND THE WORLD
What is Culture?
Symbols
Rituals
Practices
Values
•
•
•
•
Music
Foods
Folk Art
Pop Art
Traditional
• Economy
• Hierarchy
• Politics
Social
Government
CULTURAL INSTITUTIONS
• Family
• Gender
Role
• Religion
WHAT HAPPENS WHEN TWO
CULTURES COLLIDE?
Cultural Imperialism- when a dominant culture suppresses another culture
Cultural Convergence- when both cultures survive together
Cultural Assimilation- when one culture adopts the ways of another culture
Give Examples of each: