Diabetes Risk
Signs, symptoms, and prevention tips
Let’s Learn:
What is
diabetes?
3 types
Prediabetes
Risk factors
Decrease
your
chances
Quiz
What is Diabetes
?
Who are you and why are you
messing with my metabolism?
Diabetes
A Metabolic Disease
Diabetes
is a word
for a group of
various metabolic
diseases
that result in high
blood sugar.
People
get high
blood
sugar
because their
body can’t
produce insulin
or
because their
body “no longer
knows what to do”
with the insulin it
produces.
Know Your Glucose Numbers
Vocabulary Points!
• Insulin is a chemical that turns glucose
into energy.
• Glucose is a simple sugar that is useful
to your body.
When you test your blood sugar, you are testing
the level of glucose in your blood
The Three Types of Diabetes
Very different musketeers
1. Type I Diabetes
Also known as juvenile
diabetes, this form of
diabetes is often
diagnosed in young
people.
With type I diabetes, the
body starts destroying
pancreatic cells -particularly the ones that
make insulin.
2. Type II Diabetes
This is the most
common kind of
diabetes and
used to be
called adultonset diabetes.
Type II diabetes
begins when
certain cells in
fat, muscle, and
liver tissue stop
processing
insulin correctly.
After those cells stop processing insulin,
the pancreas become unable to produce
enough insulin to meet the new demand.
3. Gestational Diabetes
Generally caused
by hormones, this
type of diabetes
sometimes affects
women who are
near the end of
their pregnancies.
Gestational
diabetes usually
disappears after
the baby is born,
leaving the
mother at a
greater risk of
developing type II
diabetes later in
life.
There’s also a sneaky additional cousin of diabetes…
Pre-Diabetes
If your glucose level is high, but not high enough
to make you diabetic, then you have pre-diabetes.
Lower your risk of getting diabetes by adjusting
your diet and exercising more.
If you have pre-diabetes, check your blood
glucose levels every year.
How Do I Know if I’m at Risk?
A little knowledge is actually a great thing.
Diabetic Risk Factors
Friends don’t let friends ignore warning
signs
Risk factors can be
grouped into three
general
categories…
• Family
• Medical
• Lifestyle
Get tested for
diabetes if at least
one of the following
risk factors applies
to you.
Family Risk Factors
No diabetic is an island
If one of your family members
has type II diabetes, you are
more at risk of getting it
yourself.
Family background matters
too. Pacific Islanders, Asian
Americans, African
Americans, and
Hispanics/Latinos all have a
greater risk of becoming type
II diabetics.
Medical Risk Factors
Sticks and stones may break your bones,
but what about your glucose levels?
You are 45 or older.
Your blood pressure
is 140/90 or higher.
You are at risk of
getting type II
diabetes if…
Your BMI is 25 or higher.
You have high glucose levels.
Medical Risk Factors
Sticks and stones may break your bones,
but what about your glucose levels?
Your HDL cholesterol is lower
than 35
Your triglyceride level is higher
than 250.
You are at risk of
getting type II
diabetes if…
You have polycystic ovary
syndrome.
You have dirty skin that won’t
come clean.
Lifestyle Risk Factors
All rest and no activity could
make Jack a diabetic boy
If you are
obese
and/or
exercise less
than three
times a week,
your chances
of getting
type II
diabetes
increase
dramatically.
Symptoms of Diabetes
If life gives you glucose, make insulin!
Be on the lookout if you
notice increases in thirst,
hunger, fatigue, and
urination.
More serious signs that
you may have type II
diabetes include blurred
vision, weight loss, and
body sores or skin rashes.
How Can I Decrease My
Chances of Getting Diabetes?
An ounce of prevention is worth
more than a pound of cure.
No Diabetes for You!
All’s fair in diet and exercise
Eat healthy
Increase your consumption of
fruits, vegetables, whole grains,
and beans.
Decrease your consumption of
sugar, fat, and sodium.
Eat Healthy
Good things come to those who eat their
vegetables
Examine the types and quantities of the
food you eat.
You don’t have to cut out fat and sodium,
just reduce your servings. Keep your fat
consumption below 56 grams/day and your
sodium consumption below 2000 mg/day.
Keep a daily food journal.
No Diabetes for You!
All’s fair in diet and exercise
Be active in some way
EVERY day
Start small if you need
to, but be sure to be
active as often as you
can.
Exercise More Often
A jog a day keeps the diabetes away
Walking, jogging,
skipping, or frolicking are
all great ways to start a
new exercise regimen.
Shoot for getting at
least 30 minutes of
exercise for 5 days
each week.
Great News!
to significantly
lower your risk
of getting type
II diabetes!
you only need
to lose 5-7%
of your
overall weight
in order
If you are overweight,
Diabetes Review for Everyone!
Aren’t you glad it isn’t just
“Diabetes for Everyone?”
Quick Quiz -- Part One
• ____ is a chemical that turns glucose
into energy.
* Diabetes
* Pancreas
* Insulin
* Fructose
• True or false: People get high blood
sugar when they can’t produce or
process insulin.
Quick Quiz -- Part Two
• Which of the following is NOT a
symptom of diabetes?
* Increased urination
* Blood clots
* Weight loss
* Skin rashes
• True or false: There is a cure for type II
diabetes, but not for type I or gestational
diabetes.
Quick Quiz -- Part Three
• If you are obese, your chances of
getting diabetes _____.
* Decrease
* Increase
* Stay the same
* Don’t matter
• True or false: If your blood pressure is
140/90 or higher, you should be tested
for diabetes.
Quick Quiz -- Part Four
• If you want to decrease your risk of getting
diabetes, you should be active ____.
* Rarely
* When it is sunny
* Every other day
* Every day
• True or false: You should increase your
consumption of fruits, vegetables, and beans in
order to decrease your risk of contracting
diabetes.
We Quizzed You -Now You Can Quiz Us
Do you have any questions?
For More Information:
•
•
•
•
•
American Diabetes Association –
www.diabetes.org
Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation International –
www.jdrf.org
National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention –
www.cdc.gov/diabetes/
National Diabetes Education Program –
http://ndep.nih.gov/
National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse –
http://www.diabetes.niddk.nih.gov