MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY Dr. Michael P. Gillespie CATEGORIES OF MEDICAL TERMS Descriptive – descriptive medical terms describes the shape, size, color, function etc. of the anatomical structure. Eponyms – literally “putting a name upon” - are used to honor someone who first discovered or described an anatomical structure, diagnosed a disease, or developed a medical instrument or procedure. Eponyms give no useful information about what the item is or where it is located. OBJECTIVES Analyze words by dividing them into component parts. Relate the medical terms to the structure and function of the human body. Do not simply memorize terms. Break words up into their component parts. The medical terms will be easier to understand if you know their context in health and disease processes. Be aware of spelling and pronunciation problems. Some medical terms are pronounced alike, but spelled differently (i.e. ilium and ileum). Some medical terms are similar and a mispronunciation can lean to a misunderstanding (i.e. urethra and ureter). ELEMENTS OF MEDICAL TERMS Root – the root is the foundation of the word. All medical words have one or more roots. Prefix – word beginning. Usually identifies some subdivision or part of the central meaning. Suffix – word ending. Modifies the central meaning. Combining vowel – usuallu an “o”. Links the root to a suffix or another root. Combining form – combination of the root plus the combining vowel. 3 GENERAL RULES 1. Read the meaning of the medical terms from the suffix back to the beginning of the term and across. 2. Drop the combining vowel (usually o) before a suffix beginning with a vowel: gastritis not “gastroitis”. 3. Keep the combining vowel between two roots: gastroenterology, not “gastrentology”. COMMON PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES Itis = inflammation (tonsillitis, appendicitis, hepatitis) Osis = abnormal condition (cyanosis) Ectomy = to cut out [remove] (appendectomy, tonsillectomy) Otomy = to cut into (tracheotomy) Ostomy = to make a [mouth] (colostomy) A / an = without / none (anemia, areflexia) COMMON PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES Micro = small (microscopic) Macro = large (macroscopic) Mega / megaly = enlarged (megacolon, organomegaly) Scopy / scopic = to look / observe (colonoscopy) Graphy / graph = recording an image (mammography) Gram = the image (mammogram) Ology / ologist = study / specialize in (cardiologist, rheumatology) WORD ROOTS FOR ORGANS Root Meaning Example Stomato Mouth Stomatitis Dento Teeth Dentist Glosso / linguo Tongue Glossitis, lingual gland Gingivo Gums Gingivitis Encephalo Brain Encephalitis Gastro Stomach Gastritis Entero Intestine Gastroenteritis Colo Large intestine Colitis, megacolon WORD ROOTS FOR ORGANS Root Meaning Example Procto Anus / rectum Proctitis, proctologist Hepato Liver Hepatitis, hepatomegaly Nephro / rene Kidney Nephrosis, renal Orchiso Testis Orchiditis Oophoro Ovary Oophorectomy Hystero / metro Uterus Hysterectomy, endometritis Salpingo Uterine tubes Hysterosalpingogram Dermo Skin Dermatitis WORD ROOTS FOR ORGANS Root Meaning Example Masto / mammo Breast Mammography, mastectomy Osteo Bones Osteoporosis Cardio Heart Electrocardiogram Cysto Bladder Cystitis Rhino Nose Rhinitis Phlebo / veno Veins Phlebitis, phlebotomy Pneumo / pulmo Lung Pneumonitis, pulmonologist Hemo / emia Blood Hematologist, anemia COMBINING FORMS, SUFFIXES, AND PREFIXES Combining Form Meaning abdomin/o abdomen adip/o anter/o bol/o fat front to cast (throw) COMBINING FORMS, SUFFIXES, AND PREFIXES Combining Form Meaning cervic/o neck (of the body or uterus) cartilage color coccyx (tailbone) chondr/o chrom/o coccyg/o COMBINING FORMS, SUFFIXES, AND PREFIXES Combining Form Meaning crani/o cyt/o dist/o dors/o skull cell far, distant back portion of the body COMBINING FORMS, SUFFIXES AND PREFIXES Combining Form Meaning hist/o ili/o tissue ilium (of the pelvic bone) groin nucleus inguin/o kary/o COMBINING FORMS, SUFFIXES, AND PREFIXES Combining Form Meaning later/o lumb/o medi/o nucle/o side lower back middle nucleus COMBINING FORMS, SUFFIXES, AND PREFIXES Combining Form Meaning pelv/i poster/o proxim/o sacr/o pelvis back, behind nearest sacrum COMBINING FORMS, SUFFIXES, AND PREFIXES Combining Form sarc/o spin/o thel/o thorac/o trache/o Meaning flesh spine, backbone nipple chest trachea, windpipe Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes Combining Form umbilic/o ventr/o vertebro viscer/o Meaning navel, umbilicus belly side of the body vertebra(e), backbone internal organs COMBINING FORMS, SUFFIXES, AND PREFIXES Combining Form Meaning ana- up cata- down epi- above hypo- below inter- between meta- change COMBINING FORMS, SUFFIXES, AND PREFIXES Suffix Meaning -eal pertaining to -iac pertaining to -ior pertaining to -ism process, condition -ose pertaining to, full of -plasm formation -somes bodies -type picture, classification PRONUNCIATION GUIDE REVIEW ā as in āpe ē as in ēven ī as in īce ō as in ōpen ū as in ūnit ă as in ăpple ĕ as in ĕvery ĭ as in ĭnterest ŏ as in pŏt ŭ as in ŭnder COMBINING FORMS AND TERMINOLOGY Combining Form angi/o aort/o arter/o arteri/o ather/o atri/o Meaning vessel aorta artery artery yellowish plaque atrium COMBINING FORMS AND TERMINOLOGY Combining Form brachi/o cardi/o cholesterol/o coron/o cyan/o myx/o Meaning arm heart cholesterol heart blue mucus COMBINING FORMS AND TERMINOLOGY Combining Form ox/o pericardi/o phleb/o sphygm/o steth/o thromb/o Meaning oxygen pericardium vein pulse chest clot COMBINING FORMS AND TERMINOLOGY Combining Form valvul/o valv/o vas/o vascul/o ven/o, ven/i ventricul/o Meaning valve valve vessel vessel vein ventricle REVIEW SHEET COMBINING FORMS Combining Form angi/o aort/o arter/o arteri/o ather/o atri/o Meaning vessel aorta artery artery yellowish plaque atrium REVIEW SHEET COMBINING FORMS Combining Form Meaning brachi/o cardi/o cholesterol/o coron/o cyan/o myx/o arm heart cholesterol heart blue mucus REVIEW SHEET COMBINING FORMS Combining Form ox/o pericardi/o phleb/o pulmon/o rrhythm/o sphygm/o steth/o thromb/o Meaning oxygen pericardium vein long rhythmn pulse chest clot REVIEW SHEET COMBINING FORMS Combining Form Meaning valvul/o valv/o vas/o vascul/o ven/o, ven/i ventricul/o valve valve vessel vessel vein ventricle REVIEW SHEET SUFFIXES Suffix -constriction -dilation -emia -graphy -lysis -megaly Meaning narrowing widening; stretching; expanding blood condition process of recording breakdown; separation; destruction; loosening enlargement REVIEW SHEET SUFFIXES Suffix Meaning -meter measure -oma -osis -plasty -sclerosis -stonosis -tomy tumor; mass; fluid collection condition; usually abnormal surgical repair hardening tightening; structure process of cutting REVIEW SHEET PREFIXES Prefix a-, an Meaning no; not; without brady- slow de- lack of; down; less; removal of dys- bad; painful; difficult; abnormal endo- in; within hyper- above; excessive REVIEW SHEET PREFIXES Prefix Meaning hypo- deficient; below; under; less than normal inter- between peri- surrounding tachy- fast tetra- four tri- three COMBINING FORMS AND TERMINOLOGY Combining Form bas/o chrom/o coagul/o cyt/o eosin/o erythr/o Meaning base color clotting cell red, dawn, rosy red TERMINOLOGY Combining Form granul/o hem/o hemat/o hemoglobin/o is/o kary/o Meaning granules blood blood hemoglobin same, equal nucleus COMBINING FORMS AND TERMINOLOGY Combining Form leuk/o mon/o morph/o myel/o neutr/o nucle/o Meaning white one, single shape, form bone marrow neutral nucleus TERMINOLOGY Combining Form phag/o poikil/o sider/o spher/o thromb/o Meaning eat, swallow varied, irregular iron globe, round clot SUFFIXES -apheresis -blast -cyte -cytosis -emia -globin -globulin -lytic -oid -osis -penia -phage -philia -phoresis -poiesis -stasis REVIEW SHEET COMBINING FORMS Combining Form Meaning bas/o chrom/o coagul/o cyt/o eosin/o erythr/o base color clotting cell red, dawn, rosy red REVIEW SHEET COMBINING FORMS Combining Form Meaning granul/o hem/o hemat/o hemoglobin/o is/o kary/o granules blood blood hemoglobin same, equal nucleus REVIEW SHEET COMBINING FORMS Combining Form Meaning leuk/o mon/o morph/o myel/o neutr/o nucle/o white one, single shape, form bone marrow neutral nucleus REVIEW SHEET COMBINING FORMS Combining Form Meaning phag/o poikil/o sider/o spher/o thromb/o eat, swallow varied, irregular iron globe, round clot Combining Forms, Prefixes, and Terminology COMBINING FORMS Combining Form immun/o lymph/o lymphaden/o splen/o thym/o tox/o Meaning protection lymph lymph node spleen thymus gland poison Combining Forms, Prefixes, and Terminology PREFIXES Prefix Meaning ana- again, anew inter- between REVIEW SHEET COMBINING FORMS Combining Form Meaning axill/o armpit cervic/o neck; cervix (neck of uterus) immun/o immune; protection; safe inguin/o groin lymph/o lymph lymphaden/o lymph gland (node) REVIEW SHEET COMBINING FORMS Combining Form splen/o thym/o tox/o Meaning spleen thymus gland poison REVIEW SHEET SUFFIXES Suffix -cytosis -edema -globulin -megaly -oid -pathy Meaning condition of cells; slight increase in numbers swelling protein enlargement resembling disease; emotion REVIEW SHEET SUFFIXES Suffix -penia -phylaxis -poiesis -stitial -suppression Meaning deficiency protection formation to set; pertaining to standing or positioned to stop REVIEW SHEET PREFIXES Prefix ana auto hyper inter retro Meaning up; apart; backward; again; anew self; own above; excessive between behind; back; backward COMBINING FORMS COMBINING FORMS Combining Form adip/o albin/o caus/o cauter/o cutane/o derm/o/ Meaning fat white burn, burning heat, burn skin skin COMBINING FORMS COMBINING FORMS Combining Form dermat/o diaphor/o erythem/o erythemat/o hidr/o ichthy/o Meaning skin profuse sweating redness redness sweat scaly, dry COMBINING FORMS COMBINING FORMS Combining Form kerat/o leuk/o lip/o melan/o myc/o onych/o Meaning hard, horny tissue white fat black fungus nail COMBINING FORMS COMBINING FORMS Combining Form Meaning phyt/o pil/o py/o rhythid/o seb/o squam/o plant hair, hair follicle pus wrinkle sebum scalelike COMBINING FORMS COMBINING FORMS Combining Form steat/o trich/o ungu/o xanth/o xer/o Meaning fat hair nail yellow dry COLORS REVIEW SHEET COMBINING FORMS Combining Form adip/o albin/o caus/o cauter/o cutane/o derm/o Meaning fat white burn, burning heat, burn skin skin REVIEW SHEET COMBINING FORMS Combining Form dermat/o diaphor/o erythem/o erythemat/o hidr/o ichthy/o Meaning skin profuse sweating redness redness sweat scaly, dry REVIEW SHEET COMBINING FORMS Combining Form kerat/o leuk/o lip/o melan/o myc/o onych/o Meaning hard, horny tissue white fat black fungus nail REVIEW SHEET COMBINING FORMS Combining Form phyt/o pil/o py/o rhythid/o seb/o squam/o Meaning plant hair, hair follicle pus wrinkle sebum scale-like REVIEW SHEET COMBINING FORMS Combining Form steat/o trich/o ungu/o xanth/o xer/o Meaning fat hair nail yellow dry REVIEW SHEET SUFFIXES Suffix -algia -derma -esis -lysis -ose Meaning pain skin condition breakdown; separation; destruction; loosening full of; pertaining to; sugar Review Sheet SUFFIXES Suffix -osis -ous -plakia -plasty -rrhea Meaning condition, usually abnormal pertaining to plaque surgical repair flow; discharge VOCABULARY adenoids alveolus (alveoli) apex of the lung base of the lung brochioles bronchus (bronchi) carbon dioxide VOCABULARY cilia diaphragm epiglottis expiration glottis hilum inspiration larynx VOCABULARY lobe mediastinum nares oxygen palatine tonsil paranasal sinus parietal pleura VOCABULARY pharynx pleura pleural cavity pulmonary parenchyma respiration trachea visceral pleura COMBINING FORMS AND TERMINOLOGY Combining Form adenoid/o alveol/o bronch/o bronchi/o bronchiol/o capn/o Meaning adenoids alveolus, air sac bronchial tube bronchus bronchiole, small bronchus carbon dioxide COMBINING FORMS AND TERMINOLOGY Combining Form coni/o cyan/o epiglott/o laryng/o lob/o mediastin/o Meaning dust blue epiglottis larynx, voice box lobe of the lung mediastinum COMBINING FORMS AND TERMINOLOGY Combining Form nas/o orth/o ox/o pector/o pharyng/o phon/o Meaning nose straight, upright oxygen chest pharynx, throat voice COMBINING FORMS AND TERMINOLOGY Combining Form phren/o pleur/o pneum/o pneumon/o pulmon/o rhin/o Meaning diaphragm pleura air, lung lung lung nose COMBINING FORMS AND TERMINOLOGY Combining Form sinus/o spir/o tel/o thorac/o tonsill/o trache/o Meaning sinus cavity breathing complete chest tonsils trachea, windpipe COMBINING FORMS, SUFFIXES, AND TERMINOLOGY SUFFIXES Suffix Meaning -ema -osmia -pnea -ptysis -sphyxia -thorax condition smell breathing spitting pulse pleural cavity, chest REVIEW SHEET COMBINING FORMS Combining Form Meaning adenoid/o alveol/o bronch/o bronchi/o bronchiol/o capn/o adenoids alveolus; air sac; small sac bronchial tube bronchial tube bronchiole carbon dioxide REVIEW SHEET COMBINING FORMS Combining Form Meaning coni/o cyan/o epiglott/o laryng/o lob/o mediastin/o dust blue epiglottis larynx (voice box) lobe mediastinum REVIEW SHEET COMBINING FORMS Combining Form Meaning nas/o orth/o ox/o pector/o pharyng/o phon/o nose straight oxygen chest throat (pharynx) voice; sound REVIEW SHEET COMBINING FORMS Combining Form Meaning phren/o pleur/o pneum/o pneumon/o pulmon/o rhin/o diaphragm; mind pleura lung; air; gas lung; air; gas lung nose REVIEW SHEET COMBINING FORMS Combining Form Meaning sinus/o spir/o tel/o thorac/o tonsill/o trache/o sinus to breathe complete chest tonsil trachea (windpipe) REVIEW SHEET SUFFIXES Suffix Meaning -ema -osmia -pnea -ptysis -sphyxia -thorax condition smell breathing spitting pulse chest; pleural cavity COMBINING FORMS, SUFFIXES, AND TERMINOLOGY Examples of Combining Forms Combining Form Meaning Terminology bucc/o cheek buccal mucosa celi/o belly, abdomen celiac dent/i tooth dentibuccal esophag/o esophagus esophageal sialaden/o salivary gland sialadenitis COMBINING FORMS, SUFFIXES, AND TERMINOLOGY Examples of Suffixes Suffix Meaning Terminology -ase enzyme lipase -chezia defecation hematochezia -iasis abnormal condition choledocholithiasis -prandial meal postprandial SUFFIXES -ectasis, -ectasia -emesis -lysis -pepsia -phagia -plasty -ptosis -ptysis SUFFIXES -rrhage, -rrhagia -rrhaphy -rrhea -spasm -stasis -stenosis -tresia SUFFIXES Suffixes that are also terms: emesis (emetic) lysis spasm stasis stenosis COMBINING FORMS AND TERMINOLOGY bucc/o cec/o celi/o cheil/o chol/e cholangi/o cholecyst/o choledoch/o col/o colon/o COMBINING FORMS AND TERMINOLOGY dent/i duoden/o enter/o esophag/o gastr/o gingiv/o gloss/o gluc/o glyc/o hepat/o herni/o ile/o COMBINING FORMS AND TERMINOLOGY jejun/o labi/o lingu/o lip/o lith/o odont/o or/o palat/o pancreat/o proct/o COMBINING FORMS AND TERMINOLOGY pylor/o rect/o sialaden/o splen/o steat/o stomat/o REVIEW SUFFIXES -ase -centesis -chezia -ectasia -ectasis -ectomy -emesis -emia -genesis enzyme surgical puncture to remove fluid defecation; elimination of wastes stretching; dilation; expansion stretching; dilation; expansion removal; excision; resection vomiting blood condition producing; forming REVIEW SUFFIXES -graphy -iasis -lysis -megaly -orexia -pathy -pepsia -phagia process of recording abnormal condition breakdown; separation; destruction; loosening enlargement appetite disease; emotion digestion eating; swallowing REVIEW SUFFIXES -prandial -plasty -ptosis -ptysis -rrhage -rrhagia -rrhaphy -rrhea meal surgical repair droop; sag; prolapse; fall spitting bursting forth (of blood) bursting forth (of blood) suture flow; discharge REVIEW SUFFIXES -scopy -spasm -stasis -stenosis -stomy -tomy -tresia visual examination sudden contraction of muscles stop; control; place tightening; stricture new opening (to form a mouth) process of cutting opening Combining Forms, Suffixes, Prefixes, and Terminology GLANDS Combining Form Meaning aden/o gland adren/o adrenal glands adrenal/o adrenal glands gonad/o sex glands (ovaries, testes) pancreat/o pancreas parathyroid/o parathyroid gland Combining Forms, Suffixes, Prefixes, and Terminology GLANDS Combining Form pituitar/o hypophysis thyr/o thyroid/o Meaning pituitary gland; thyroid gland thyroid gland Combining Forms, Suffixes, Prefixes, and Terminology RELATED FORMS Combining Form andr/o calc/o, calici/o cortic/o region crin/o dips/o estr/o gluc/o, glyc/o Meaning male calcium cortex, outer secrete thirst female sugar Combining Forms, Suffixes, Prefixes, and Terminology GLANDS Combining Form home/o hormon/o kal/I lact/o myx/o natr/o Meaning sameness hormone potassium (an electrolyte) milk mucus sodium (an electrolyte) Combining Forms, Suffixes, Prefixes, and Terminology GLANDS Combining Form phys/o somat/o ster/o toc/o toxic/o ur/o Meaning growing body solid structure childbirth position urine Combining Forms, Suffixes, Prefixes, and Terminology SUFFIXES Suffix -agon -emia -in, -ine -tropin -uria Meaning assemble, gather together blood condition a substance stimulating the function of urine condition Combining Forms, Suffixes, Prefixes, and Terminology PREFIXES Prefix eu hyper hypo oxy pan tetra tri Meaning good, normal excessive, above deficient, below rapid, sharp, acid all four three REVIEW SHEET COMBINING FORMS Combining Form Meaning aden/o gland adren/o adrenal glands adrenal/o adrenal glands andr/o male calc/o, calici/o calcium cortic/o cortex, outer region REVIEW SHEET COMBINING FORMS Combining Form crin/o dips/o estr/o gluc/o, glyc/o gonad/o home/o Meaning secrete third female sugar sex glands (ovaries, testes) sameness REVIEW SHEET COMBINING FORMS Combining Form Meaning hormon/o kal/i electrolyte) insulin/o lact/o myx/o natr/o hormone potassium (an insulin milk mucus sodium (an electrolyte) REVIEW SHEET COMBINING FORMS Combining Form pancreat/o parathyroid/o phys/o pituitar/o somat/o ster/o Meaning pancreas parathyroid gland growing pituitary gland; or hypophysis body solid structure REVIEW SHEET COMBINING FORMS Combining Form Meaning thyr/o thyroid/o toc/o toxic/o ur/o thyroid gland thyroid gland childbirth position urine REVIEW SHEET SUFFIXES Suffix -agon -emia -in, -ine -tropin -uria Meaning assemble, gather together blood condition a substance stimulating the function of urine condition REVIEW SHEET PREFIXES Prefix eu hyper hypo oxy pan tetra tri Meaning good, normal excessive, above deficient, below rapid, sharp, acid all four three COMBINING FORMS COMBINING FORMS alveol/o cac/o carcin/o cauter/o chem/o cry/o cyst/o fibr/o follicul/o fung/i medull/o mucos/o mut/a mutagen/o onc/o papill/o pharmac/o plas/o ple/o polyp/o prot/o radi/o sarc/o scirrh/o xer/o SUFFIXES -blastoma -genesis -oma -plasia -plasm -suppression -therapy PREFIXES anaapobrachyepimetatele- TERMINOLOGY — BONES GENERAL TERMS COMBINING FORMS Combining Form calc/o calci/o kyph/o lamin/o lord/o lumb/o Meaning calcium calcium posterior curvature in thoracic region lamina curve loins, lower back TERMINOLOGY — BONES GENERAL TERMS COMBINING FORMS Combining Form myel/o orth/o oste/o scoli/o spondyl/o vertebr/o Meaning bone marrow straight bone crooked vertebra vertebra TERMINOLOGY — BONES GENERAL TERMS SUFFIXES Suffix -blast -clast -listhesis -malacia -physis -porosis -tome Meaning embryonic cell to break slipping softening to grow pore, passage instrument to cut TERMINOLOGY — BONES TERMS RELATED TO SPECIFIC BONES COMBINING FORMS Combining Form acetabul/o calcane/o carp/o clavicul/o cost/o crani/o Meaning acetabulum (hip socket) calcaneus (heal) carpals (wrist bones) clavicle (collar bone) ribs cranium (skull) TERMINOLOGY — BONES TERMS RELATED TO SPECIFIC BONES COMBINING FORMS Combining Form femor/o fibul/o humer/o ili/o ischi/o malleol/o Meaning femur (thigh bones) fibula (smaller lower leg bone) humerus (upper arm bone) ilium (upper part of pelvic bone) ischium (part of pelvic bone) malleolus TERMINOLOGY — BONES TERMS RELATED TO SPECIFIC BONES COMBINING FORMS Combining Form Meaning mandibul/o maxill/o metacarp/o metatars/o olecran/o patell/o pelv/i mandible (lower jaw bone) maxilla (upper jaw bone) metacarpals (hand bones) metatarsals (foot bones) olecranon (elbow) patella (kneecap) pelvis TERMINOLOGY — BONES TERMS RELATED TO SPECIFIC BONES COMBINING FORMS Combining Form perone/o phalang/o pub/o radi/o scapul/o Meaning fibula phalanges (finger, toe bones) pubis radius scapula (shoulder blade) TERMINOLOGY — BONES TERMS RELATED TO SPECIFIC BONES COMBINING FORMS Combining Form stern/o tars/o tibi/o uln/o Meaning sternum (breastbone) tarsals tibia (shin bone) ulna (lower arm bone) TERMINOLOGY — JOINTS COMBINING FORMS Combining Form Meaning ankyl/o stiff arthr/o joint articul/o joint burs/o bursa chondr/o cartilage TERMINOLOGY — JOINTS COMBINING FORMS Combining Form Meaning ligament/o ligament rheumat/o watery flow synov/o synovial membrane ten/o tendon tendin/o tendon TERMINOLOGY — JOINTS SUFFIXES Suffix Meaning -desis -stenosis to bind, tie together narrowing Terminology — Muscles COMBINING FORMS Combining Form Meaning fasci/o fibr/o leiomy/o my/o facia fibrous smooth muscle muscle Terminology — Muscles COMBINING FORMS Combining Form myocardi/o myos/o plant/o rhabdomy/o Meaning heart muscle muscle sole of the foot skeletal muscle connected to bones Terminology – Muscles SUFFIXES Suffix Meaning -asthenia -trophy lack of strength development, nourishment Terminology – Muscles PREFIXES Prefix Meaning ab ad dorsi poly- away from toward back many, much VOCABULARY adnexa uteri amnion areola Bartholin glands cervix VOCABULARY chorion clitoris coitus corpus luteum cul-de-sac VOCABULARY embryo endometrium estrogen fallopian tube fertilization fetus VOCABULARY fimbriae follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) gamete genitalia gestation gonad VOCABULARY gynecology human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) hymen labia lactiferous ducts VOCABULARY luteinizing hormone (LH) mammary papilla menarche menopause menstruation VOCABULARY myometrium neonatology obstetrics orifice ovarian follicle ovary VOCABULARY ovulation ovum parturition perineum pituitary gland VOCABULARY placenta pregnancy progesterone puberty uterine serosa VOCABULARY uterus vagina vulva zygote Terminology: Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes COMBINING FORMS Combining Form Meaning amni/o amnion cervic/o cervix, neck chori/o chorion chorion/o chorion colp/o vagina Terminology: Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes COMBINING FORMS Combining Form Meaning culd/o episi/o galact/o gynec/o hyster/o cul-de-sac vulva milk woman, female uterus, womb Terminology: Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes COMBINING FORMS Combining Form Meaning lact/o mamm/o mast/o men/o metr/o milk breast breast menses, menstruation uterus Terminology: Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes COMBINING FORMS Combining Form my/o myom/o nat/i obstetr/o o/o Meaning muscle muscle tumor birth midwife egg Terminology: Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes COMBINING FORMS Combining Form oophor/o ov/o ovari/o ovul/o perine/o Meaning ovary egg ovary egg perineum Terminology: Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes COMBINING FORMS Combining Form phor/o salping/o uter/o vagin/o vulv/o Meaning to bear fallopian tubes uterus vagina vulva Terminology: Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes SUFFIXES Suffix -arche -cyesis -gravida -parous Meaning beginning pregnancy pregnancy to bear, bring forth Terminology: Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes SUFFIXES Suffix -rrhea -salpinx -tocia -version Meaning discharge uterine tube labor, birth act of turning Terminology: Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes PREFIXES Suffix Meaning dys- painful endo in intra multi- within in within many Terminology: Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes PREFIXES Suffix nulli- pre primi retro Meaning no, not, none before first backward REVIEW SHEET COMBINING FORMS Combining Form Meaning amni/o _________ cephal/o _________ cervic/o _________ chori/o, chorion/o _________ colp/o _________ REVIEW SHEET COMBINING FORMS Combining Form Meaning amni/o amnion cephal/o head cervic/o cervix, neck chori/o, chorion/o chorion colp/o vagina REVIEW SHEET COMBINING FORMS Combining Form culd/o episi/o galact/o gynec/o hyster/o Meaning cul-de-sac vulva milk woman, female uterus, womb REVIEW SHEET COMBINING FORMS Combining Form lact/o mamm/o mast/o men/o metr/o Meaning milk breast breast menses, menstruation uterus REVIEW SHEET COMBINING FORMS Combining Form Meaning my/o myom/o nat/i obstetr/o olig/o o/o muscle muscle tumor birth midwife scanty egg REVIEW SHEET COMBINING FORMS Combining Form oophor/o ov/o ovari/o ovul/o perine/o Meaning ovary egg ovary egg perineum REVIEW SHEET COMBINING FORMS Combining Form phor/o py/o salping/o uter/o vagin/o vulv/o Meaning to bear pus fallopian tubes uterus vagina vulva REVIEW SHEET SUFFIXES Suffix Meaning -arche beginning -cele hernia -cyesis -ectasis -ectomy pregnancy stretching, dilation removal, excision REVIEW SHEET SUFFIXES Suffix Meaning -flexion -genesis -gravida -itis -pareunia -parous flexible producing; forming pregnancy inflammation sexual intercourse to bear, bring forth REVIEW SHEET SUFFIXES Suffix Meaning -plasia development, formation -plasty surgical repair -ptosis dropping, sagging -rrhagia bursting forth (blood) -rrhaphy suture REVIEW SHEET SUFFIXES Suffix -rrhea -salpinx -scopy -stenosis -stomy Meaning discharge uterine tube visual examination tightening new opening REVIEW SHEET SUFFIXES Suffix Meaning -tocia -tomy -tresia -version labor, birth process of cutting opening act of turning REVIEW SHEET PREFIXES Prefix bi- dys endo in intra multi Meaning two painful within in within many REVIEW SHEET PREFIXES Prefix Meaning nulli oxy peri pre- no, not, none swift, sharp surrounding before REVIEW SHEET PREFIXES Prefix primi- pseudo retro uni Meaning first false backward one VOCABULARY bulbourethral gland (Cowper gland) ejaculation ejaculatory duct epididymis (pl. epididymides) flagellum fraternal twins VOCABULARY glans penis identical twins parenchyma penis perineum prepuce (or foreskin) VOCABULARY prostate gland scrotum semen seminal vesicle seminiferous tubules spermatozoon (pl. spermatozoa) VOCABULARY sterilization stroma testis (pl.: testes) testosterone vas deferens TERMINOLOGY Combining Form andr/o balan/o cry/o crypt/o epididym/o gon/o hydr/o orch/o, orchi/o, orchid/o Meaning male penis cold hidden epididymis seed water, fluid testis, testicle TERMINOLOGY Combining Form pen/o prostat/o semin/i sperm/o terat/o test/o varic/o vas/o zo/o Meaning penis prostate gland semen, seed spermatozoa, semen monster testis, testicle varicose veins vessel duct animal life TERMINOLOGY SUFFIXES Suffix Meaning -genesis formation -one hormone -pexy fixation, put in place -stomy new opening REVIEW SHEET Combining Form andr/o balan/o cry/o crypt/o epididym/o gon/o hydr/o orch/o, orchi/o Meaning male glans penis cold hidden epididymis seed water, fluid testis, testicle REVIEW SHEET Combining Form pen/o prostat/o semin/i sperm/o terat/o test/o varic/o vas/o zo/o Meaning penis prostate gland semen, seed spermatozoa, semen monster testis, testicle varicose veins vessel duct animal life REVIEW SHEET SUFFIXES Suffix Meaning -genesis formation -one hormone -pexy fixation, put in place -stomy new opening