Which of the following statements
about crime is TRUE?
I.
II.
III.
IV.
5
Official crime statistics
accurately reflect the amount
of crime in Canada.
Most organized criminals are
affiliated with the Italian Mafia.
Organized crime exists largely
to provide goods and services
demanded by “respectable”
members of the community.
Rates of murder and other
violent crimes have been
steadily rising for the past
twenty years.
25%
25%
25%
2)
3)
25%
0
0
1)
4)
Deviant behaviour
I.
is always serious in nature
and is clearly distinguishable
from nondeviant behaviour.
is relative because it varies
from place to place, time to
time, and from group to group.
is always recognized as such,
regardless of who’s doing it.
all of the above.
II.
III.
IV.
25%
25%
25%
2)
3)
25%
5
0
0
1)
4)
According to strain theory, the
cause of deviance is
I.
II.
III.
IV.
5
that people are unable to
obtain cultural goals through
accepted means, so they turn
to deviant means.
a weakening of the bonds
tying a person to conventional
society.
largely a function of individual
psychopathology.
attributed to frequent
association with other
deviants.
25%
25%
25%
2)
3)
25%
0
0
1)
4)
An example of “outer containments” as
described by Walter Reckless in his social
control theory is
I.
II.
III.
IV.
self-control.
a sense of
responsibility.
a supportive family.
resistance to
unlawful diversions.
25%
25%
25%
2)
3)
25%
5
0
0
1)
4)
The study by William Chambliss found that while the
“Saints” committed more offenses than the “Roughnecks,”
the “Roughnecks” were more likely to be labelled as
deviant because
I.
II.
III.
IV.
5
the Saints were white while
the Roughnecks were black.
the Roughnecks came from
lower-income families and did
poorly in school.
the Saints came from lowerincome families and did poorly
in school, so people felt sorry
for them.
the Saints had much weaker
social bonds than the
Roughnecks.
25%
25%
25%
2)
3)
25%
0
0
1)
4)
A person takes drugs once, doesn’t get
caught, and never does it again. This
demonstrates ____________ deviance.
25% 25%
25%
25%
I. secondary
II. primary
III. tertiary
IV. fundamental
5
0
0
1)
2)
3)
4)
Which of the following analyses of
prostitution best illustrates the radical
feminist approach to deviance?
I.
II.
III.
IV.
5
Prostitution is seen as a reflection of
society’s double standard, whereby it is
acceptable for a man to pay for sex but
unacceptable for a woman to accept
money for it.
Prostitutes are viewed as deviant
because they have been successfully
labelled as such by others.
Prostitutes accept their identity as
deviants because they continue to
engage in the deviant behaviour that
led to the label.
The rise in prostitution has to do with
the women’s liberation movement; as
women gain power, they will also
commit more crimes.
25%
25%
25%
2)
3)
25%
0
0
1)
4)
Which of the following is/are classified
as a “summary conviction” offense?
I. sexual assault
II. robbery
III. causing a
disturbance
IV. a and b above
25%
25%
25%
2)
3)
25%
5
0
0
1)
4)
Which category of crime includes all violent
crime, certain property crimes, and certain
morals crimes?
25% 25%
25%
25%
I. street
II. occupational
III. organized
IV. political
5
0
0
1)
2)
3)
4)
If a worker commits fraud in order to help a
company achieve greater profits, that worker
has engaged in a form of
25% 25%
25%
25%
I. street crime.
II. corporate crime.
III. property crime.
IV. conventional
crime.
5
0
0
1)
2)
3)
4)
Which of the following activities is
often linked to organized crime?
I.
corporate price
fixing
II. prostitution
III. false advertising
IV. embezzling
25%
25%
25%
2)
3)
25%
5
0
0
1)
4)
Based on the text discussion of crime
statistics, which of the following statements
is FALSE?
I.
II.
III.
IV.
5
Our most important source of crime
data is the Canadian Uniform Crime
Reports (CUCR) system.
Police statistics always overestimate
the actual amount of crime in order to
guarantee their budgets are not cut
back.
The vast majority of the offences
reported in the CUCR come to the
attention of the police from the reports
of victims of crime.
Victimization surveys provide us with
information about crimes that have not
been officially reported.
25%
25%
25%
2)
3)
25%
0
0
1)
4)
Property crimes peak between
the ages of __________.
I.
II.
III.
IV.
12 and 14.
13 and 15.
15 and 18.
17 and 20.
25%
25%
25%
2)
3)
25%
5
0
0
1)
4)
In discussing the similarities between crime
rates by males and females, the text
observes that:
I.
II.
III.
IV. 5
Most crimes are committed
by males.
Females are more likely to
be victims than offenders.
The difference between
male and female
involvement in crime has
narrowed over the past
three decades.
All of the above.
25%
25%
25%
2)
3)
25%
0
0
1)
4)
Which of these provinces/territories
has the lowest overall crime rate?
I.
II.
III.
IV.
Alberta
Newfoundland
Yukon
British Columbia
25%
25%
25%
2)
3)
25%
5
0
0
1)
4)
Which of the following statements
about ethnicity and crime is FALSE?
I.
II.
III.
IV.
5
In societies with culturally
heterogeneous populations, some
ethnic groups will have higher
crime rates than others.
In the United States, African
Americans and Hispanics are
overrepresented in arrest data.
In Canada, Aboriginal peoples are
underrepresented in the federal
correctional system’s population.
Overall in Canada, non-Aboriginal
visible ethnic minorities are
underrepresented in the federal
correctional system’s population.
25%
25%
25%
2)
3)
25%
0
0
1)
4)
Most Canadians learn about
crime through
I.
II.
III.
IV.5
first-hand
experience.
academic
publications.
misrepresentations
in the media.
police reports to
the general public.
25%
25%
25%
2)
3)
25%
0
0
1)
4)
This form of punishment is based on the premise
that the greater the degree of social harm, the
more the offender should be punished.
I.
II.
III.
IV.
retribution
social protection
rehabilitation
deterrence
25%
25%
25%
2)
3)
25%
5
0
0
1)
4)
This form of punishment seeks to return
offenders to the community as law-abiding
citizens.
25% 25%
25%
25%
I. retribution
II. social protection
III. rehabilitation
IV. deterrence
5
0
0
1)
2)
3)
4)
The text suggests that the best way to
reduce delinquency and crime in the future
is through
I.
II.
III.
IV.
prevention.
higher arrest rates.
stiffer sentences.
active
implementation of
the death penalty.
25%
25%
25%
2)
3)
25%
5
0
0
1)
4)
The text defines deviance as
any
I.
violation of the law by young
people under the age of 18.
serious violation of consistent
moral codes.
form of behaviour that
produces some degree of
social harm.
behaviour, belief, or condition
that violates cultural norms.
act that violates the law.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
20%
20%
20%
20%
3)
4)
20%
5
0
0
1)
2)
5)
According to sociologist Walter Reckless, selfcontrol, a sense of responsibility and resistance to
unlawful diversions would be classified as
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.5
social bonds.
inner containments.
illegitimate
opportunities.
differential
associations.
positive selfdevelopment.
20%
20%
20%
20%
3)
4)
20%
0
0
1)
2)
5)
According to Richard Quinney
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
5
primary deviance is the initial act of
law-breaking, while secondary
deviance occurs when a person
accepts the new identity and continues
the deviant behaviour.
people with economic and political
power define as criminal any behaviour
that threatens their own interests.
people learn to engage in deviance
through social interaction.
people engage in deviant behaviour
when their ties to conventional society
are weak.
for deviance to occur people must have
access to illegitimate opportunity
structures.
20%
20%
20%
20%
3)
4)
20%
0
0
1)
2)
5)
The misuse of power by government
officials would be considered
I. street crime.
II. political crime.
III. occupational
crime.
IV. organized crime.
V. corporate crime.
20%
20%
20%
20%
3)
4)
20%
5
0
0
1)
2)
5)
Which of the following statements accurately
reflects the role of the media in relation to
crime?
I.
The media actually constructs, as
opposed to reports, the news.
The picture of crime we receive
from the media is inaccurate and
includes stereotypes of offenders.
“If it bleeds, it leads” a news report
even though violent crime is
relatively rare in our society.
Canadians are led to believe that
violent crime is prevalent.
All of the above
II.
III.
IV.
V.
20%
20%
20%
20%
3)
4)
20%
5
0
0
1)
2)
5)