Introduction to OSHA
Occupational Safety
and
Health Administration
What’s wrong in this hallway?
Injuries and Deaths
• >6, 000 workers die each year
• 5.7 mil (out of 105 mil) workers are injured on the
job each year (1999) – strains and sprains are
very common
• 1.7 mil workers are disabled each year (1999)
Permanent or temporary
Accident Triangle
Deaths (6,000)
(Approximate
Numbers)
Lost workdays (3,000,000)
1000 x Recordables (6,000,000)
500 x
?x
?x
?x
First aid
Not reported
Near misses
Note: Based on Bureau of Labor and Statistics
Workplace Injuries
•All industry-6.3 per 100 workers
•Health services-7.7 per 100 workers
•Hospitals-8.4 per 100 workers
•Nursing and Personal Care workers
13.8 per 100 workers
Note: Based on Bureau of Labor and Statistics
Purpose of OSHA & MIOSHA
PROVIDE A SAFE
WORKPLACE
•www.osha.gov
OSH ACT 1970
• Created these divisions to oversee safety:
• OSHA (enforces compliance via inspections)
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
• NIOSH (conducts research for safety products)
National Institute for Occupational Safety and
Health
• OSHRC (appeals & citation management)
The Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission
General Duty Clause 5(a)
OSH act 1970
•5(a) Employer Responsibility “(1) furnish employees employment which
is free from recognized hazards likely to
cause death or serious physical harm to
employees”
General Duty Clause 5(b)
•5(b) Employee Responsibility“(b) Employee shall comply with OSHA
standards and all rules and regulations which are
applicable to his own actions and conduct.”
Michigan Act 154
•R408.1011 Section 11:
 An employer shall:...Furnish a place of
employment which is free from recognized
hazards that are... likely to cause…death or
serious harm...
Michigan Act 154
•408.1012 Section 12
 An employee shall: Comply with (safety)
rules and standards...
INSPECTONS (without advanced notice)
•Imminent danger
•Catastrophes and fatal accidents
•Employee complaints
•Programmed high hazard inspections (i.e.
hospitals)
•Follow-up
Imminent Danger
•IDLH (“A REASONABLE PERSON”)
IMMEDIATLY DANGEROUS TO LIFE &
HEALTH (i.e. exposed electrical wire)
•Need correction ASAP
Catastrophes and Fatal Accidents
•Must Report in 8 Hours
3 EMPLOYEES HOSPITALIZED FROM
SAME ACCIDENT
or
1 FATALITY
Code of Federal Regulations (CFR)
•Each day regulations are
passed by Congress, they are
published in Federal Register
•Each rule is placed in 1 of 50
Titles
•
•Title 29 is LABOR
Code of Federal Regulations (CFR)
•29 CFR - rules for “Department of Labor”
•Title 29 CFR 1910 - rules for Labor in
General Industry
•Healthcare is "General Industry“
•Healthcare must follow all federal & state
rules & standards
OSHA 200/300 Log
•Helps identify:
Types of accidents
Departments that are having accidents
Employees that are having accidents
•By knowing this information, accidents
can be reduced in numbers
OSHA 200 Log
Legal form to record injuries & illnesses (&
medical tx for work-related injury)
Must be posted in your work area for the month
of February
Must be kept up-to-date
Common Hospital Violations
•1. No annual BBP training for employees
•2. Employees not wearing PPE
•3. Failure to act appropriately for postexposure
•4. Failure to consider safer medical devices
•5. Recapping needles
•6. Employer not offering Hep B Vaccine
State Plans
• The OSH Act of 1970 allowed states “to assume
responsibility for…OSHA standards…”
• The stipulation was they must “… be at least as
effective...” as federal government’s standards.
•26 states have state plans.
MIOSHA
Michigan Occupational Safety and
Health Act
Act 154 of 1974
“state plan state” “state program”
Whistleblower Protection
•Section 11( c ) of the OSH Act of 1970
•“Workers have the right to complain to
OSHA and seek an OSHA inspection...”
(without discrimination)
What should you do?
•1. If you see a hazard in the work area?
•2. If you spill something?
•3. After you finish working with a sharp
object?