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(a)
(b)
Consumer is one who buys goods or services and deserves
Section 3 (1) of CPA 1999 states “Consumer” means a person
who
Acquires or users goods or services of a kind ordinarily
acquired for personal, domestic or household purpose, use or
consumption and
Does not acquire or use the goods or services, or hold himself
out as acquiring or using the goods or services, primarily for
certain purpose.
Consumerism is a social movement whose aim is to protect or
cares the buyers of goods and services against fraudulent
dealings or inferior services, defective, sub standard product,
unfair pricing, misleading advertisement, not labeled or
mislabeling of product and so on.
 It is a part of human right.
 Consumerism begins as a protest against sub standard goods
and fraudulent business practices.
 In more recent time, the scope of consumerism expanding
from the issues of daily living.
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The things every consumer should know!
Consumers should know their basic statutory rights for
shopping - in other words the rights you have by law
which a shop can't change.
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Under the Consumer Protection Act 1999, your rights granted
cannot be taken away from you notwithstanding conditions in any
agreement that you have signed.
rights to all the products and services of daily basic needs including
food, clothing, health, education and house.
right to obtain accurate and precise facts about the product and
service that you want to consume.
right to claim for damages from unfair practices from the supplier or
manufacturer.
freedom in buying or assuring that the product or service you need
is obtained through the right channels, based on the right price.
rights when buying services -you've powerful protection from
the Supply of Goods and Services Act 1982.
rights when buying goods-The legal protection you have here is from
the Sale of Goods Act 1979.
Consumer movement got a boost with the
establishment of the National Advisory Council for the
consumer protection in 1973,and more so with the
formation of the Domestic Trade and Consume Affairs
Ministry.
That is Consumer Protection Advisory Council in each
states.
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Government
Non-Government
The Ministry of Domestic
Trade and Consumer
Affair
 The Ministry of Energy,
Water, Communication
and Multimedia.
 The Ministry of
Agriculture
 The Ministry of Housing
and Local Government.
 The Ministry of Health.
Federation of Malaysian
Consumer Association
(FOMCA)
 Consumer Association of
Penang (CAP)
 Education and Research
Association for
Consumer (ERA)
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The understanding by an individual of their rights as
a consumer concerning available products & services
being marketed and sold .
The concept involves 4 categories including safety ,
choice , information & and the right to be heard.
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key role in customer decision making.
customers are informed and protected
Benefits
Individual
- enhance critical
thinking
- improve life skills
- increase self-confidence
Society
- promoting customer
satisfaction
- increasing economic
stability
- creating realistic
customer expectations
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There are several different types of consumer
awareness.
Media awareness involves a customer's knowledge of
the advertising surrounding a given product or
company.
Cost awareness involves comparing the prices of a
similar product among different competitors.
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The Muslim population is about 1.6 billion and spread
across the world.
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Halal products and services are also gaining increasing
acceptability among Muslims and non-Muslims
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The global market value for trade in halal products is
estimated at US$2.1 trillion annually. This market has
created interest among food producing countries both
Muslim and non-Muslim.
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Halal (lawful) is a term designating any object or an
action which is permissible to use or engage in, according
to Islamic law. The term is used to designate food seen as
permissible according to Islamic law.
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Halal products include :
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Food
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Non-food products; including pharmaceuticals, health
products, medical devices, cosmetics, toiletries etc.
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Pork (2:173)
Blood (2:173)
Animals slaughtered in the name of anyone but Allah. All
that has been dedicated or offered in sacrifice to an
idolatrous altar or saint or a person considered to be
"divine“ (2:173) (5:3)
Carrion (carcasses of dead animals) (2:173)
An animal that has been strangled, beaten (to death), killed
by a fall, gored (to death), savaged by a beast of prey
(except by a human) (5:3)
Food over which Allah's name is not pronounced (or at least
not in a name other than Allah) (6:121)
Alcohol and other intoxicants (5:90)
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Manufacturers are also cashing in on the concept that virtually
all goods and products can be certified halal, including
cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, clothing, toiletries etc.
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Halal cosmetics - including lipstick, deodorant and alcoholfree perfume - can contain animal ingredients but they must be
prepared according to Islamic codes on slaughter and
preparation.
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Halal pharmaceuticals - ensuring that the products are
produced in accordance with Syariah requirements gaining
common acceptance by all the Islamic mazhabs and the ease
of applicability for all producers of pharmaceuticals
worldwide.
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For the consumer, the benefits of halal certification is to know whether a product is halal
according to Islam means he or she does not have to bother checking all the ingredients.
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The consumer can purchase the product with the assurance it does not contain anything that is
haram or doubtful.
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This includes the standard of halal slaughter, halal food, halal cosmetics and halal usable
goods.
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Halal certification authorities :
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Halal Food Council International (HFCI) - International halal certifier operating in USA.
HFCI got recognition from JAKIM (Malaysia), MUIS (Singapore), and MUI (Indonesia)and
strictly follow the guideline of halal as set by Malaysia, Singapore and Indonesia.
This guideline appears in the Codex Alimentarius (1997) that has been approved by all
Muslim countries in the world.
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IFANCA, North America
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Shandong, Islamic Association, China
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Instituto Halal, Spain
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National Independent Halal Trust (NIHT), South Africa
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Kenya Bureau of Halal Certification (KBHC), Kenya
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Commission de Surveillance du Halal de la Réunion,
France
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All Ceylon Jamiyyathul Ulama (ACJU) Halal Certification
Authority, Sri Lanka
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Department of Islamic Development Malaysia (JAKIM),
Malaysia
TERMS AND CONDITIONS :
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The Islamic organization must be a recognized and registered body in the
country of origin
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The organization must operate in the legal office premise or mosque and not
in the personal residence.
The organization shall have in its membership, members with syariah
expertise
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The organization shall engage technical expertise /food scientist.
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The organization agrees to comply with Halal certification requirements or
other requirements recommended or approved by JAKIM.
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The organization agrees to allow officers from JAKIM to carry out an audit
on its organization and halal procedures and system from time to time