Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e
8.1

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e
Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
Objectives
1.
What are the features of a contemporary corporate telecommunications system? On what major technology developments are they based?
2.
What telecommunications transmission media should our organization use?
3.
What kind of networks and network services are appropriate for our organization?
8.2

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e
Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
Objectives
4.
What telecommunications applications can be used for electronic business and electronic commerce?
5.
What issues should be addressed in telecommunications planning?
8.3

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e
Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
Management Challenges
1.
Selecting appropriate technologies for enterprise networking
2.
Managing bandwidth
8.4

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e
Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
The Corporate Telecommunications System
• Facilitation of electronic communication
• Telephone systems
• Broadcast and cable TV
• Radio, satellite, and local area networks
• Internet
• Analog or digital
8.5

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e
Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
The Corporate Telecommunications System
Features of Contemporary Telecommunications Systems
1.
Client/server computing
2.
Packet switching
3.
TCP/IP and other communications standards
8.6

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e
Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
The Corporate Telecommunications System
A corporate telecommunications system
8.7
Figure 8-1

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e
Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
The Corporate Telecommunications System
Features of Contemporary Telecommunications Systems
•
Powerful personal computers connect to network with one or more server computers
•
Has extended networking to parts of business that could not be served by centralized architecture
•
Processing load balanced over many smaller machines
8.8

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e
Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
The Corporate Telecommunications System
Features of Contemporary Telecommunications Systems
• Messages broken into “packets” before transmission
•
Packets include destination and error-checking information
•
Packets travel independently using routers; reassembled into original message at destination
8.9

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e
Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
The Corporate Telecommunications System
Packet-switched networks and packet communications
8.10
Figure 8-2

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e
Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
The Corporate Telecommunications System
Features of Contemporary Telecommunications Systems
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
•
Open suite of protocols for connectivity developed in 1970s
•
Provides standards for breaking messages into packets, routing them to destination addresses, and reassembling them at end
•
Allows for communication regardless of hardware/software
8.11

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e
Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
The Corporate Telecommunications System
Features of Contemporary Telecommunications Systems
TCP/IP: Four-Layer Reference Model
1.
Application layer: Communication between applications and other layers
2.
Transport layer: Acknowledging and sequencing packets to/from application
3.
Internet layer: Addressing, routing, packaging data packets
4.
Network interface layer: Placing packets on and receiving them from network medium
8.12

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e
Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
The Corporate Telecommunications System
The Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) reference model
8.13
Figure 8-3

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e
Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
The Corporate Telecommunications System
Transmission Media
•
Copper wire twisted in pairs
• Older analog transmission medium
•
Can be used for digital signals
• Modems used for translating analog to digital
• Insulated copper wire
•
Faster, more interference-free than twisted pair
• Difficult to install; doesn’t support analog signals
8.14

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e
Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
The Corporate Telecommunications System
Functions of the modem
8.15
Figure 8-4

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e
Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
The Corporate Telecommunications System
Transmission Media
•
Strands of clear glass fiber bound into cables
• Data sent as pulses of light
•
Faster, lighter, more durable
• Difficult to install; more expensive
•
Used in high-capacity optical networks
• Currently slowed by need to convert back and forth to electrical data
•
Can use multiplexing; allows one channel to carry several transmissions
8.16

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e
Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
The Corporate Telecommunications System
Transmission Media
• Wireless Transmission
•
Use electromagnetic spectrum
•
Microwave and infrared use high-frequency radio signals
•
Paging systems, cellular telephones, PDAs, mobile data networks
•
Wireless communication requires compatible standards
•
Security/privacy issues
8.17

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e
Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
The Corporate Telecommunications System
Frequency ranges for communication media and devices
8.18
Figure 8-5

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e
Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
The Corporate Telecommunications System
Amoco’s satellite transmission system
8.19
Figure 8-6

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e
Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
The Corporate Telecommunications System
Transmission Media
Transmission Speed
•
Bps: Bits per second
• Baud rate: Rate of signal changes
•
One signal change = cycle
• Transmission capacity is function of frequency
•
Bandwidth: Range of frequencies accommodated on a particular channel
8.20

8.21
Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e
Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
The Corporate Telecommunications System
Transmission Media
Transmission Speed
Low cost Twisted wire
Microwave
Satellite
Up to 100 Mbps
Up to 200+ Mbps
Up to 200+ Mbps
Coaxial cable Up to 200 Mbps
Fiber-optic cable Up to 6+ Tbps High cost

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e
Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
Communications Networks
Local Area Networks
• Connects computers and other digital devices within 2000 ft radius
•
Cabling or wireless technology links computers, network interface cards, and software
•
Ethernet
•
Network Operating System (NOS)
•
Client/server or peer-to-peer architecture
•
Star, bus, and ring topologies
8.22

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e
Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
Communications Networks
A local area network (LAN)
8.23
Figure 8-7

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e
Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
Communications Networks
Network topologies
8.24
Figure 8-8

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e
Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
Communications Networks
Wireless Networks: Wi-Fi and Bluetooth
• Use radio waves to connect stations
•
802.11b: Current standard; 54 Mbps in 2.4 GHz range
•
Infrastructure mode: Wireless devices communicate with wired LAN via access points
•
Ad-hoc mode: Peer-to-peer mode; wireless devices communicate with each other directly
8.25

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e
Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
Communications Networks
An 802.11 wireless LAN
8.26
Figure 8-9

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e
Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
Communications Networks
Wireless Networks: Wi-Fi and Bluetooth
• Hot spot: Geographic location in which an access point provides public Wi-Fi network service
• Bluetooth: Standard for wireless personal area networks that can transmit up to 722 Kbps within 10-meter area
8.27

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e
Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
Communications Networks
Wide Area Networks
• Span broad geographic distances
•
Can consist of combination of:
• Switched lines
• Dedicated lines
•
Microwave
•
Satellite communications
•
Private WANs expensive to support
8.28

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e
Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
Communications Networks
Wide Area Networks
• Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
•
Scope between LAN and WAN
•
Limited distance; faster and less expensive than
WAN
•
Value-Added Networks
• Private, third-party managed, data only networks
• Subscription basis
8.29

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e
Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
Communications Networks
Window on Organizations
•
What management, organization, and technology factors account for different patterns of Wi-Fi adoption in various countries?
•
What value can Wi-Fi service provide to businesses?
8.30

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e
Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
Communications Networks
Broadband Network Services and Technologies
• Frame relay
•
Asynchronous transfer mode (ATM)
• Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN)
•
Digital subscriber line (DSL)
• T1 line
•
Network convergence
8.31

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e
Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
Electronic Business and Electronic Commerce Technologies
Electronic Mail and Groupware
• E-mail
•
Eliminates telephone tag and costly long-distance telephone charges
•
Groupware
• Enables work groups at different locations to participate in discussion forums and work on shared documents and projects
8.32

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e
Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
Electronic Business and Electronic Commerce Technologies
Window on Management
•
Should managers monitor employee e-mail and
Internet usage? Why or why not?
• Describe an effective e-mail and Web use policy for a company.
8.33

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e
Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
Electronic Business and Electronic Commerce Technologies
Voice Mail and Fax
• Voice mail
•
Digitizes spoken message and transmits it over a network
•
Fax
•
Digitizes and transmits documents over telephone lines
8.34

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e
Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
Electronic Business and Electronic Commerce Technologies
Teleconferencing, Dataconferencing, and Videoconferencing
• Ability to confer with a group of people simultaneously
• Two or more users can edit and modify data files simultaneously
• Participants are able to see each other over video screens
8.35

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e
Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
Electronic Business and Electronic Commerce Technologies
Digital Information Services, Distance Learning, and E-Learning
• Digital Information Services :
•
Online services providing general and business information, such as LexisNexis, AOL, Dow Jones
News
•
Distance learning
•
Education or training delivered over a distance to individuals in one or more locations
•
E-learning
•
Instruction delivered online using the Internet or private networks
8.36

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e
Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
Electronic Business and Electronic Commerce Technologies
Electronic Data Interchange
•
Computer-to-computer exchange between two organizations of standard transaction documents, such as invoices, purchase orders
•
Minimizes paper-handling and data input; lowers transaction costs
•
Transmits structured data with fields, unlike email
8.37

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e
Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
Electronic Business and Electronic Commerce Technologies
Electronic data interchange (EDI)
8.38
Figure 8-10

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e
Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
Developing a Business-Driven Telecommunications Plan
Implementation Issues: Seven Factors
1.
Distance
2.
Services
3.
Points of access
4.
Utilization
5.
Cost
6.
Security
7.
Connectivity
8.39

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e
Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
Chapter 8 Case Study
Will New Systems Keep Delta Flying?
1.
Analyze Delta using the competitive forces and value chain models.
2.
What is Delta’s business strategy? What is the role of information systems and telecommunications technology in this strategy?
8.40

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e
Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing
Chapter 8 Case Study
Will New Systems Keep Delta Flying?
3.
Assess Delta’s Digital Nervous System (DNS) effort. What value does it provide the company?
How does it support Delta’s business strategy?
4.
What problems at Delta can be solved with information systems? What problems cannot be solved with systems?
8.41