Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing

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Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e

Chapter 8

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Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e

Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing

Objectives

1.

What are the features of a contemporary corporate telecommunications system? On what major technology developments are they based?

2.

What telecommunications transmission media should our organization use?

3.

What kind of networks and network services are appropriate for our organization?

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Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e

Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing

Objectives

4.

What telecommunications applications can be used for electronic business and electronic commerce?

5.

What issues should be addressed in telecommunications planning?

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Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e

Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing

Management Challenges

1.

Selecting appropriate technologies for enterprise networking

2.

Managing bandwidth

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Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e

Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing

The Corporate Telecommunications System

Telecommunications System

• Facilitation of electronic communication

• Telephone systems

• Broadcast and cable TV

• Radio, satellite, and local area networks

• Internet

• Analog or digital

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Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e

Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing

The Corporate Telecommunications System

Features of Contemporary Telecommunications Systems

Three Major Developments Shaping

Contemporary Systems

1.

Client/server computing

2.

Packet switching

3.

TCP/IP and other communications standards

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Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e

Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing

The Corporate Telecommunications System

A corporate telecommunications system

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Figure 8-1

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e

Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing

The Corporate Telecommunications System

Features of Contemporary Telecommunications Systems

Client/Server Computing

Powerful personal computers connect to network with one or more server computers

Has extended networking to parts of business that could not be served by centralized architecture

Processing load balanced over many smaller machines

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Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e

Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing

The Corporate Telecommunications System

Features of Contemporary Telecommunications Systems

Packet Switching

• Messages broken into “packets” before transmission

Packets include destination and error-checking information

Packets travel independently using routers; reassembled into original message at destination

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Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e

Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing

The Corporate Telecommunications System

Packet-switched networks and packet communications

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Figure 8-2

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e

Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing

The Corporate Telecommunications System

Features of Contemporary Telecommunications Systems

TCP/IP

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol

Open suite of protocols for connectivity developed in 1970s

Provides standards for breaking messages into packets, routing them to destination addresses, and reassembling them at end

Allows for communication regardless of hardware/software

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Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e

Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing

The Corporate Telecommunications System

Features of Contemporary Telecommunications Systems

TCP/IP: Four-Layer Reference Model

1.

Application layer: Communication between applications and other layers

2.

Transport layer: Acknowledging and sequencing packets to/from application

3.

Internet layer: Addressing, routing, packaging data packets

4.

Network interface layer: Placing packets on and receiving them from network medium

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Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e

Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing

The Corporate Telecommunications System

The Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) reference model

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Figure 8-3

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e

Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing

The Corporate Telecommunications System

Transmission Media

Twisted wire

Copper wire twisted in pairs

• Older analog transmission medium

Can be used for digital signals

• Modems used for translating analog to digital

Coaxial cable:

• Insulated copper wire

Faster, more interference-free than twisted pair

• Difficult to install; doesn’t support analog signals

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Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e

Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing

The Corporate Telecommunications System

Functions of the modem

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Figure 8-4

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e

Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing

The Corporate Telecommunications System

Transmission Media

Fiber optics

Strands of clear glass fiber bound into cables

• Data sent as pulses of light

Faster, lighter, more durable

• Difficult to install; more expensive

Used in high-capacity optical networks

• Currently slowed by need to convert back and forth to electrical data

Can use multiplexing; allows one channel to carry several transmissions

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Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e

Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing

The Corporate Telecommunications System

Transmission Media

• Wireless Transmission

Use electromagnetic spectrum

Microwave and infrared use high-frequency radio signals

Paging systems, cellular telephones, PDAs, mobile data networks

Wireless communication requires compatible standards

Security/privacy issues

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Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e

Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing

The Corporate Telecommunications System

Frequency ranges for communication media and devices

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Figure 8-5

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e

Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing

The Corporate Telecommunications System

Amoco’s satellite transmission system

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Figure 8-6

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e

Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing

The Corporate Telecommunications System

Transmission Media

Transmission Speed

Bps: Bits per second

• Baud rate: Rate of signal changes

One signal change = cycle

• Transmission capacity is function of frequency

Bandwidth: Range of frequencies accommodated on a particular channel

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Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e

Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing

The Corporate Telecommunications System

Transmission Media

Transmission Speed

Low cost Twisted wire

Microwave

Satellite

Up to 100 Mbps

Up to 200+ Mbps

Up to 200+ Mbps

Coaxial cable Up to 200 Mbps

Fiber-optic cable Up to 6+ Tbps High cost

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e

Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing

Communications Networks

Local Area Networks

• Connects computers and other digital devices within 2000 ft radius

Cabling or wireless technology links computers, network interface cards, and software

Ethernet

Network Operating System (NOS)

Client/server or peer-to-peer architecture

Star, bus, and ring topologies

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Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e

Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing

Communications Networks

A local area network (LAN)

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Figure 8-7

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e

Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing

Communications Networks

Network topologies

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Figure 8-8

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e

Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing

Communications Networks

Wireless Networks: Wi-Fi and Bluetooth

• Use radio waves to connect stations

802.11b: Current standard; 54 Mbps in 2.4 GHz range

Infrastructure mode: Wireless devices communicate with wired LAN via access points

Ad-hoc mode: Peer-to-peer mode; wireless devices communicate with each other directly

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Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e

Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing

Communications Networks

An 802.11 wireless LAN

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Figure 8-9

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e

Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing

Communications Networks

Wireless Networks: Wi-Fi and Bluetooth

• Hot spot: Geographic location in which an access point provides public Wi-Fi network service

• Bluetooth: Standard for wireless personal area networks that can transmit up to 722 Kbps within 10-meter area

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Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e

Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing

Communications Networks

Wide Area Networks

• Span broad geographic distances

Can consist of combination of:

• Switched lines

• Dedicated lines

Microwave

Satellite communications

Private WANs expensive to support

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Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e

Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing

Communications Networks

Wide Area Networks

• Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

Scope between LAN and WAN

Limited distance; faster and less expensive than

WAN

Value-Added Networks

• Private, third-party managed, data only networks

• Subscription basis

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Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e

Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing

Communications Networks

Window on Organizations

Is the World Falling for Wi-Fi?

What management, organization, and technology factors account for different patterns of Wi-Fi adoption in various countries?

What value can Wi-Fi service provide to businesses?

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Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e

Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing

Communications Networks

Broadband Network Services and Technologies

• Frame relay

Asynchronous transfer mode (ATM)

• Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN)

Digital subscriber line (DSL)

• T1 line

Network convergence

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Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e

Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing

Electronic Business and Electronic Commerce Technologies

Electronic Mail and Groupware

• E-mail

Eliminates telephone tag and costly long-distance telephone charges

Groupware

• Enables work groups at different locations to participate in discussion forums and work on shared documents and projects

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Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e

Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing

Electronic Business and Electronic Commerce Technologies

Window on Management

Monitoring Employees on Networks:

Unethical or Good Business?

Should managers monitor employee e-mail and

Internet usage? Why or why not?

• Describe an effective e-mail and Web use policy for a company.

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Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e

Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing

Electronic Business and Electronic Commerce Technologies

Voice Mail and Fax

• Voice mail

Digitizes spoken message and transmits it over a network

Fax

Digitizes and transmits documents over telephone lines

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Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e

Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing

Electronic Business and Electronic Commerce Technologies

Teleconferencing, Dataconferencing, and Videoconferencing

Teleconferencing

• Ability to confer with a group of people simultaneously

Data conferencing

• Two or more users can edit and modify data files simultaneously

Videoconferencing

• Participants are able to see each other over video screens

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Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e

Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing

Electronic Business and Electronic Commerce Technologies

Digital Information Services, Distance Learning, and E-Learning

• Digital Information Services :

Online services providing general and business information, such as LexisNexis, AOL, Dow Jones

News

Distance learning

Education or training delivered over a distance to individuals in one or more locations

E-learning

Instruction delivered online using the Internet or private networks

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Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e

Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing

Electronic Business and Electronic Commerce Technologies

Electronic Data Interchange

Computer-to-computer exchange between two organizations of standard transaction documents, such as invoices, purchase orders

Minimizes paper-handling and data input; lowers transaction costs

Transmits structured data with fields, unlike email

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Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e

Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing

Electronic Business and Electronic Commerce Technologies

Electronic data interchange (EDI)

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Figure 8-10

Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e

Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing

Developing a Business-Driven Telecommunications Plan

Implementation Issues: Seven Factors

1.

Distance

2.

Services

3.

Points of access

4.

Utilization

5.

Cost

6.

Security

7.

Connectivity

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Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e

Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing

Chapter 8 Case Study

Will New Systems Keep Delta Flying?

1.

Analyze Delta using the competitive forces and value chain models.

2.

What is Delta’s business strategy? What is the role of information systems and telecommunications technology in this strategy?

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Essentials of Management Information Systems, 6e

Chapter 8 Telecommunications, Networks, and Wireless Computing

Chapter 8 Case Study

Will New Systems Keep Delta Flying?

3.

Assess Delta’s Digital Nervous System (DNS) effort. What value does it provide the company?

How does it support Delta’s business strategy?

4.

What problems at Delta can be solved with information systems? What problems cannot be solved with systems?

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