Biomechanics in Physical
Education Sports and
Research
By
Dr Ajay Kumar
Biomechanics in Physical
Education Sports and Research
• The principles of mechanics are directly
applied both to the movements of the
human body and to the sports implements
he handles.
• Due to the interest in the mechanical
analysis of man in motion the new area in
physical education emerged as
Biomechanics of Sports.
Cont.
• The branch of science, biomechanics is a
broad area and the biomechanics of sports
is only one of the area.
• The same principles which is applied to
biomechanics is also applied to sports
biomechanics.
Other Area of Applied
Biomechanics
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Industrial Engineering
Ergonomics
Physical Rehabilitation
Biomedical Physics
Aerospace Science
Status of Sports Biomechanics
• Out of the field of the other applied
biomechanics, the biomechanics of sports
is least advanced.
• But now a days use of advanced
technology in the form of computer and
electronic recording device has created
the scope of research and further study in
the field of sports biomechanics.
Importance of Biomechanics for
Sports Performance
• It helps in analyzing the sports
performance. Data of performance is
collected by different biomechanical
techniques as cinematography,
myography and analyzed.
Importance Cont.
• It helps in selection and adoption of
techniques. It help for deciding the
technique on the basis of human structure
and its possible movement for the best
result in sports.
Importance Cont.
• It helps in discovering the technique for
the use of new equipments.
• It gives technical knowledge of technical
mistakes.
• It helps in differenciating competition and
training exercises.
• Physical ability can be developed with its
help.
Importance Cont.
• It helps in generalising the solution of
biomechanical problems.
Basic Fundamental
• The skill developed from childhood
through the incoming years to perform the
daily life activities such as walking,
running, jumping, throwing, catching,
carrying etc.
Fundamental of Games and Sports
• The skills of different games and sports
which actually constitute the total play in a
given sports and games.
• Like Forward drive in cricket
• Lofted kick in football
• Fosbury flop in high jump
• Spiking in volleyball
Movement
• Movement means a change involving
location and position of an object.
• Example –
• The whole body is displaced in case of
walking or running.
• Or any change in posture is identified as
movement i.e. flexion of arm, extension of
arm.
Analysis
• Analysis –
• Analysis means splitting up a given
movement into its component parts i.e.
into its basic parts
Movement Analysis
• Kinesiological Analysis
• Mechanical Analysis
• Biomechanical Analysis
Kinesiological Analysis
• A kinesiological analysis of a motor skill
consist of breaking the skill into its
constituent elements for determining the
nature of each movement and of
identifying the appropriate mechanical and
anatomical principles.
Kinesiological Analysis
attempts to find specific answers to
the following questions
• What joint are involved and what are theit
exact movements in the motor skills.
• Are any of the joints used to the limit of
their range of motion.
• What muscles are responsible for the joint
action and what is the nature of their
contraction
specific answers to the following
questions Cont.
• Do any one of the muscle group exert
maximal or near maximal effort.
• What anatomical and mechanical
principles contributes to maximal efficiency
and accuracy in the performance of motor
skill.
Mechanical Analysis
• Mechanical analysis of an activity involves
the identification of law and principles
which help to explain the most appropriate
form for the execution of the activity and to
identify the mechanical reason for success
or failure.
Biomechanical Analysis
• Biomechanical analysis is the process of
identifying both the internal as well as
external forces coming into play during the
performance and the effect produced by
these forces on that performance.
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