Armenian National Survey for
Seismic Protection
Earthquake Engineering Center
www.nssp-gov.am
e-mail
kh.zaven@nssp.gov-am
zkhlghatyan@yahoo.com
Tasks of
Earthquake Engineering Center
1.
Realization the Initiative and Strategy of Armenian NSSP in
building and structure seismic protection (in the frame of State
Complex Programs on Seismic risk reduction in the territory of
Armenia and city of Yerevan).
2.
Seismic risk evaluation and mapping for towns and settlements
in Armenia.
3.
Rapid damage estimation of structures and buildings in
epicentral zone in case of major earthquake.
4.
Vulnerability assessment for critical facilities (NPP, chemical
plants, dams and reservoirs, and lifelines.
5.
Elaboration, testing and implementation of techniques and
procedures for reinforcement and retrofitting of existing
buildings and structures.
6.
Development of experimental models and research aiming at
strengthening of buildings and structures.
7.
Seismic monitoring of buildings and structures through
installation and operation strong motion instruments.
8.
Research on ground strong motion.
9.
Development and implementation of Early Warning System.
Structure of Earthquake Engineering
Center
1.
Building and Structure Seismic Risk Evaluation Division
2.
Critical Facilities Seismic Vulnerability Assessment Division
3.
Experimental Research Division
4.
Seismically Protective Constructive Systems and New
Constructive Solution Division
5.
Ground Strong Motion and Building Monitoring Division
Tasks of Building and Structure Seismic
Risk Evaluation Division
–
Data base creation for urban planning of towns and
settlements using GIS technology
–
Urban planning detailed mapping
–
Estimation of facilities’ design seismic resistance
–
Seismic risk evaluation for towns and settlements
–
Seismic risk mapping for towns and settlements
–
Rapid damage estimation for towns and settlements in
epicentral zone in case of major earthquake.
CO V E RN M EN T O F TH E RA
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1998
ARMEN
IAN NSSP
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NSSP RA
Berd
Ijevan
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Spitak
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GYUMRI
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YEREVAN
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Vedi
SEISMIC ZONATION MAP
OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
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1 : 500000
SCALE
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Kajaran
a
a
a
a
= 0.5 g
= 0.4 g
= 0.3 g
= 0.2 g
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Meghri
Geological map in Armenia
Distribution pattern for the seismic risk in Armenia
Seismic Risk in Yerevan City
Seismic Microzonation Map of Yerevan City
0.32g
0.40g
0.38g
SEISMIC RISK DISTRIBUTION
FOR YEREVAN CITY
High
Moderate
Low
1. Low-rise stone buildings (private)
2. Mixed stone-complex construction
buildings
3. Large panel buildings
4. Frame panel buildings
5. Buildings constructed with story
grown-up method
6. Braced buildings
high risk (K>1.1)
moderate risk (1.05<K<1.1)
no risk practically (K<1.06)
Map of the risk collapse for different construction type buildings in
Yerevan city (design types 1,2,…, are indicated in percentage of total
number of buildings in each square 1,2,…)
Private buildings
Capital buildings 0.1g
Capital buildings 0.2g
Tasks of Critical Facilities Seismic
Vulnerability Assessment Division
•
Data base creation for most earthquake vulnerable buildings in
towns and settlements
•
Vulnerability assessment for critical facilities (NPP, chemical
plants, dams and reservoirs, and lifelines)
•
Engineering research in construction aiming at compliance of
new methodology and seismic building codes
•
In situ estimation of expected ground maximum acceleration
•
In situ estimation of ground and structure prevailing periods
•
In situ creation of design accelerograms
•
Definition of technical condition and actual seismic resistance
for facilities, development of methods for vulnerability
reduction
•
Rapid damage estimation for towns and settlements in
epicentral zone in case of major earthquake
•
Building and structure behavior study in case of major
earthquake
•
Analysis of earthquake consequences
Borders of adjacent areas to Azat reservoir
in case of possible flooding
THE ESTIMATION OF
BUILDING ’S VULNERABILITY
By the constructive decisions residential buildings in
Armenia are divided into six categories
1. stone buildings (less than 5 story )
2. large-panel buildings (9 story )
3. frame-panel buildings (9 story )
4. frame and frame-braced (12-16 story )
5. constructed by floor-grade method (12-16 story)
6. new structural design (less than 9 story )
STONE BUILDINGS
(less than 5 story )
30% of dwelling fund
High vulnerability
Strengthening required
Natural vibration of Stone
(Mansory)
five-storied building
Fourier spectra
The prevailing period in the transverse
direction of the building is 0.38 sec. Obtained value
is 1.36 times more than normative prevailing period.
According to the Codes of Armenia such increase of
the normative prevailing period corresponds to the
third degree of damage, which requires
Rehabilitation and reinforcement of the building.
LARGE-PANEL BUILDINGS
(9 story)
10% of dwelling fund
Low vulnerability
FRAME-PANEL BUILDINGS
(9 story)
15% of dwelling fund
High vulnerability, 95 from 138 of 9-storey frame panel
buildings of 111 series were totally collapsed in Gyumri
After Spitak Earthquake buildings will not erected more
Strengthening required
FRAME AND FRAME-BRACED
(12-16 story)
15% of dwelling fund
Not existed in disaster zone
Low vulnerability
CONSTRUCTED
BY FLOOR-GRADE METHOD
(12-16 story)
Mostly in Yerevan-city 7% of dwelling fund
2 buildings collapsed in Gyumri
After Spitak Earthquake buildings will not erected more.
Tasks of Seismically Protective
Constructive Systems and New
Constructive Solution Division
•
Analysis of constructive solutions for existing buildings and
development of new conceptual solutions for seismic
resistance
•
Analysis of constructive solutions for retrofitted buildings in
disaster zone and development of new solutions
•
Estimation of seismic loads for buildings and structures using
accelerograms of real earthquakes
•
Development and implementation of new technologies for
strengthening of buildings and structures
•
Development and implementation of damper equipment for
building and structure seismic resistance increase
•
Theoretical and practical research on shim-rubber isolation
•
Monitoring of buildings using seismic protective systems
Model of 9-story frame
building with “upper
flexible floor”
General view of a
building with
“upper flexible
floor”
Upper flexible floor on LRB
Using the seismic insulators for the buildings and constructions
Armenian International Airport.
Moment of Experiment of Lead Rubber Bearing
(Kuala-Lumpur, Robinson Seismic Ltd)
Building before restoration
Constructive solutions
Building after restoration
Tasks of Experimental
Research Division
–
Development and implementation of new building
strengthening technologies
–
Development of experimental models and research aiming at
strengthening of buildings and structures
–
Experimental research on shim-rubber isolation
–
Experimental selection of appropriate damper equipment for
building and structure seismic resistance increase
–
Testing of building materials and constructions
Testing of seismic insulators (vertical and horizontal
deformation)
Model of Building with new Dynamic Damping
Dynamic Model of
12-storey Building
(Scale 1:15) with
Dynamic Damping
View of Dynamic
Damping Model
Tasks of Ground Strong Motion and
Building Monitoring Division
• Seismic Hazard Assessment of the Territory of Armenia
• Seismic Microzoning
• Earthquake Early Warning System Development
• Seismic Monitoring of Buildings and Structures
Armenian Strong Motion Network
Instrument Locations
Existing free-field
Swiss – SMACH (10)
American - SMA (16)
Japanese - SMAC (2)
USSR СРРЗ (6)
SAFER Cities
American - SM 1 (40)
Earthquake parameters and peak ground accelerations
of all acceleration time histories recorded by Spitak
area strong motion stations
N
Event
1
1
2
Spitak area quake
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Data
Epicenter
Depth,
km
4
40.88N 44.26E
40.90N 44.20E
40.86N 44.29E
41.32N 43.81E
5
10
10
10
4
6
2.2Ml
Spitak area quake
Spitak area quake
Spitak area quake
3
26.06.90
14.07.90
15.12.90
16.12.90
Spitak area quake
Tbilisi area quake
Spitak area quake
Spitak area quake
Dzhava-Racha quake
20.12.90
23.12.90
11.01.91
13.04.91
29.04.91
41.25N 43.85E
40.90N 44.44E
40.90N 44.33E
41.20N 43.75E
42.39N 43.67E
4
10
10
1
6
3.5Ml
4.1Ml
3.5Ml
4.4mb
7.1Ms
2.8Ml
3.3Ml
5.2Ml
Mag
Station
7
Spitak-Karadzor
Stepanavan
Spitak-Karadzor
Spitak-Karadzor
Akhalkalaki
Bogdanovka
Bakuriani
Bavra
Vanadzor
Gumri
Spitak-Karadzor
Stepanavan
Toros
Bavra
Stepanavan
Spitak-Karadzor
Bavra
Akhalkalaki
Bogdanovka
Bavra
Toros
Stepanavan
Gumri
8
6
17
12
3
28
19
53
22
82
58
68
61
44
15
12
6
10
110
125
142
163
166
178
km
NS
18
6
12
46
33
38
41
81
7
7
14
23
48
6
12
111
7
11
8
9
10
15
13
Peak
acceleration,
cm/sec2
EW
V
15
18
7
3
13
8
37
27
15
12
41
58
42
12
117
67
8
4
9
10
12
11
18
9
65
23
6
4
9
6
141
157
5
7
7
6
8
6
11
6
12
6
14
6
8
6
Earthquake Early Warning System around
Yerevan City
The zones of the influence with intensity of 7 on Yerevan
Seismic Monitoring of Buildings (Fragment)