Turn-key CO2 Solutions to Permanently Reduce Demand for
Electricity & meet Environmental Sustainability Goals
Introducing Innovative Green & Cool Transcritical CO2
Systems to the Energy Efficiency Innovations Forum
Presented to ETCC / SoCal Gas / ERC
December 10, 2012
Who are National Resource Management “NRM”
and Green & Cool?
•
NRM started in Boston in 1991 performing lighting retrofits expanded in 1994 to
include refrigeration system energy savings solutions
•
Primary expertise is in Refrigeration & HVAC proprietary controls, motors and
refrigeration lighting applications.
•
Green & Cool founded in 2002 making CO2 systems, racks & controls in Sweden.
•
NRM installation base includes over 10,500 convenience and liquor stores;
grocery stores; produce warehouses, food services warehouses, pharmaceutical
& biotech manufacturing and storage, floral and meat distributors & schools from
K-12 and higher education.
•
Green & Cool has 480 installed CO2 Systems in 14 European Countries.
•
NRM’s products have been accepted for rebates and incentives by over 40 utility
and state run rebate programs in 20 States.
•
NRM has saved customers over 1 billion kWh of energy since its inception
•
NRM and Green & Cool are partnered since January 2012 to expand CO2 systems
in N. America
The New Refrigeration Reality: Sustainable / Ecological
Refrigerants are a Key Component to a Green Solutions Program
Carbon dioxide – CO 2 – R744
is now established as the most ecologically friendly
refrigerant in store applications
One single super center with HFCs has »Global Warming
Potential‹‹ (GWP) equal to 1,850 times same-sized CO2
supermarkets with CO2
ICA MAXI, Haparanda, Sweden with CO2
*IPCC (2003)
R404’s greenhouse effect is 3,922 times stronger than that of CO2 – R744
About CO2
• CO2 was widely used in Commercial Refrigeration before
«freons» were introduced (1890 to 1950) mostly for ships and
port warehouses
• Industrial and commercial reasons basically made its use
disappear until 1988 when it was reintroduced at SINTEF
(Norway)
• Not all CO2 systems and no Ammonia secondary cascade CO2
systems save energy. Most other CO2 Systems only operate in
sub-critical state
• Green & Cool’s Transcritical CO2 Systems save considerable
energy over other systems alternatives.
• CO2 systems are most popular in cold weather ambients but are
also being modified to be effiecent in the ambients existing in
California
CO2 has efficiencies better than R404A
Results reported by EPEE, Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm and many more ...
Transcritical Defined:
One application of CO2 refrigerant is called a transcritical system because part of the
system operates above the critical point and part of the system operates below the
critical point. Subcritical, supercritical, and transcritical all describe a refrigeration
system’s operating pressures and temperatures relative to the critical point of the
refrigerant in the system.
A typical “normal” refrigeration system is a subcritical system because everything
happens below the critical point. In a supercritical system, all the components
operate at pressures and temperatures above the critical point.
A supercritical system operates on gas compression and expansion with no change of
state. All heat transfer occurs by the gas changing temperature. A transcritical system
operates both above and below the critical point.
Heat is absorbed in an evaporator where liquid evaporates to a gas, but heat rejection
takes place above the critical point, so there is no condensation in what normally
would be considered the condenser.
The refrigerant does not condense back to a liquid until after the pressure is reduced.
Beyond the environmental benefits, unique
features for heat recovery and lower energy
consumption make CO2 systems even more
attractive.
COP 5,5
+5 amb
X 11
X2
Considerable Efficiencies are realized as CO2 expands into Transcritical Ranges
The coefficient of performance or COP is the ratio of the change in heat at the "output“
to the supplied work. The COP was created to compare energy efficiency.
Design point
80 bar, 96°C
205°F
Minimum
13°C Approach
55.4°F
R744 is the refrigerant designation given CO2
Green & Cool CO2 Systems are the only systems available that operate at 80/80/120 bar
ranges [1160/1160/1740 psi]and therefore are able to maximize energy efficiency
Cost of first install, energy savings, maintenance savings:
CO2 vs HFC DX and CO2 vs NH3
• Green & Cool Equipment comparisons on like Grocery Store
Installations cost between 15% and 20% more than conventional DX
HFC systems. But, costs 5% - 10% less to install.
• Green & Cool Systems cost less to install by 5% – 20% than
ammonia systems
• The average energy savings benefit of a Green & Cool System vs
HFC DX is 15% - 18% per year on average on the systems operating
today. Also the high heat produced when reclaimed for use like
heating water for hydronic heating etc “free-heat” can add up to as
much as a 24% additional overall energy reduction.
• Considerable Maintenance savings on Green & Cool CO2 Systems
have been achieved.
• No leaching meaning no recharging of R744 like exists with HFC’s.
Advanced, user-friendly control system developed by
Green & Cool specifically for CO2 system management
• Energy Management on the entire Refrigeration System
• Integrated heat reclaim control
- Control of HVAC Units
- Pump Control (outlet temp HR)
• Web Access
• Compatible with BMS / BAC controls systems including:
-- Danfoss, Carel, RDM, Wϋrm, Emerson and fully Modbus
compatible.
• COP measurement capability
• Multi Lingual
Business approach
NRM Green & Cool systems are the most environmentallyfriendly, energy efficient and modern CO2 refrigeration racks
NRM operates from ‹‹specification through to installation››
for Green & Cool Systems in the USA and Canada.
Our Challenges:
1. NRM Green & Cool Transcritical Systems are new to the North
American market. Our systems are innovative and effective but so far
we are initiating our first pilot project installations in NJ and IN. Our
greatest challenge is in meeting “Resistance to Innovation”.
2. Europe, due to very high energy costs and serious concerns on Global
Warming issues has led the way on efficient CO2 system development.
Only CO2 systems can be installed in Denmark Supermarkets today.
The UK, Sweden, Norway & Finland are next.
3. We need to get the word out on the advantages of R744 and the
efficiencies of Green & Cool Transcritical Systems.
Our Appeal:
4. The data to support our efficiency claims and environmental claims are
extensive. NRM has a reputation developed over 22 years in the energy
conservation and environmental sustainability areas for honest and
reasonable reporting of energy savings.
5. We need additional pilot projects to prove to customers the advantages
of Transcritical CO2 operation. Our present pilots are with internationally
recognized companies whose senior management has dictated they will be
freon free within a 3 to 5 year period. We need to enlist other C-Suite
management to take similar pledges.
6. We need your help to establish a “Methodology” to calculate the
energy savings on Transcritical CO2 Systems in such a way as to include
them on your energy rebate programs.
7. We need your support and access to any funding or testing capabilities
to advance the cause of CO2 Transcritical Refrigeration. As you are already
aware, refrigerated systems are the largest consumers of energy as a
segment and their refrigeration systems represent 60% of their energy use
*IPCC Data
Commercial Refrigeration, Industrial Refrigeration and Stationary Air Conditioning (HVAC)
represent 54% of the opportunity!
Freon and other HFC / HCFC Refrigerants are proven to be
significant contributors to ozone layer depletion and considered
by many to be a major contributors to Global Warming.
Treaties including Montreal & Kyoto Protocols & Uruguay Round all
require significant reductions of certain types Freon and other HFC
/ HCFC use in coming years
The CO2 used in Green & Cool Systems reclaims the CO2
charge from the environment [environmentally benign]. If for
any reason it is released it is of zero net environmental effect.
Sirocco
Crystal CDU
Green & Cool product range
• Modular self-contained plug & play units for
indoor and outdoor use
• Condensing units, Evaporator units water chillers and heat pumps all with CO2
and designed primarily for:
Supermarkets, Super Centers, convenience stores, gasoline stations, official
buildings, process industry, food industry, and the pharmaceutical and
biogenetics industries.
Mistral
CCU SC
Sirocco CLU
NRM Awards
NRM has achieved numerous
awards for energy savings
and controls applications
OTHER RECOMMENDED SOURCES OF INFORMATION
www.R744.com
www.ashrae.org
www.ipcc.ch/pdf/special-reports/sroc/sroc_full.pdf
CONTACTS
For additional information:
www.nrminc.com
www.greenandcool.com
Jim Kalish
216 440 0352 jkalish@nrminc.com CO2 System Director
Ted Kohlenberger 909 287 6654 tedk@nrminc.com California Team Leader
Thank You for your interest!