Georgian Technical University
Research and optimization
processes of briquetting for
ecological clean bio-fuel by
usage universal briquetting
device.
PhD Student
Sergo Samkharadze
1. Introduction
The large scale use of commercial energy has led to
better quality of life; however it has also created many
problems. Perhaps the most serious of these are the
harmful effect on the environment and climate
changes which both have consequences on human
health and pollution. Also it is now clear that the fossil
fuel era of nonrenewable resources is gradually
coming to an end.
Energy problem is very serious and the main
objective is now to find solution to match demand and
supply of energy sources. Therefore the need for
conserving energy and developing alternative energy is
a must.
2. Economical and ecological effect
By Georgian technical university was
assessed situation on the world - as well on
Georgian energy market and was decided to
make high quality bio-briquettes (pic.1) by using
local raw materials such are a wood sawdust,
agricultural wastes etc.
Pic. 1. Sawdust briquette.
Bio-briquettes are characterized with high heat
emission, longevity of burning process, low ash
content and ecological compatibility.
Briquette parameter
Briquette density, t/m³
Ash content, %
CO2 emission
Sulfur emission,%
Value
1,0 – 2,0
0,5 – 1,5
50 times less than coal;
15 times less than natural gas;
0,032
Sawdust briquette after the burning, emits into
atmosphere 50 times less CO2 than coal and 15 times
less CO2 than natural gas. Sulfur emission into the
atmosphere is 0,032%, which practically doesn’t
contaminate atmosphere.
3. Energetically values.
Below we can see heat content chart for mostly
used fuels to present.
Fuel type
Heat content
kcal/kg
Wood (Wet)
2388
Wood (Dry)
2866
Sawdust Briquettes
4300
Black coal
4770
Natural gas
7640
We can easily calculate power output (1) and
burning rate (2) value for each type of fuel.
(1)
(2)
4. Equipment
To reach the high quality of product from us was
investigated briquetting process parameters.
Mostly bio-briquette quality is depended from two
parameters, such are moisture and raw material particle
size.
Pic. 2 Raw material particles and moisture meter
In Georgian Technical University experimentally
we had developed universal equipment (press)
construction for briquetting of bio-fuel.
The aim of the creating new briquetting device
was that it had worked in maximum range for
these parameters, also to be have good durability
condition against big forces, internal and external
frictions as well it should be safe for works, easy to
maintenance and etc.
Pic. 3 Slogan of the equipment
Pic. 4 Scheme of briquetting device
When we are making briquettes from raw material
which consist of different size particles or moisture
in range 8-14%, we couldn’t convinced when we need
big forces and when much less forces for briquetting.
Because we was forced to create some simple
test to understand regime parameter correctness.
Principe of test is very simple, but it can gave us
understanding in main technological aspect - has
product high quality or not.
Pic. 5 Scheme of compression
1 - compression plate, 2 – briquette,
3 – support plate
5. Future investigation
The big amounts of biomass that are expected to be
produced in the upcoming future will require
appropriate machinery, transport systems and storage
facilities to handle it. Different biomass materials (or
even different grades of the same material) can have
very different properties. Thus, different handling,
transport and/or storage solutions would be required.
Advanced numerical techniques such as the finite
element method (FEM) may be used to analyse the
behaviour of biomass for storage and transport in
order to avoid problems in the industries such as
blockages or damages in the machinery and
equipments.
Looking forward to the future, with cooperation
FZJ exactly central technology division (ZAT), we
hope that we can grow and exchange knowledge in
advance calculation methods.
Now we are trying to simulate our products to
investigate our experimental equipment stability,
safety to increase our production and equipment
quality.
Below we can see briquette examples simulated
in the Ansys;
Pic. 6 Misses stress by parabolic hexahedron mesh (HR20)
6.Touch points with FZJ
For us is known that in FZJ central technology
division have big experience in designing, calculation,
engineering and building different kind of equipment.
For us will be big pleasure to cooperate with central
technology division significant by exchanging our
knowledge and experience.
We will be happy to make participation in project
which will Includes task such has our work
(FEM calculation, safety design, standardization, etc).
One of these project may be ,,Development of a
standardized method to analyze the safe housing and
its stability of fast rotors’’, which is currently actual in
central technology division.
Last year with support Georgian technical
university we had participated to preparation above
described project.
Below we can see examples of our work in Ansys
which was created our stay in FZJ.
Pic. 7 Chopper disk crashing test
Thank You for Attention!