Training of master Trainers Workshop
10 – 15 November 2012
e-Services Design and Delivery
Module VI
Emilio Bugli Innocenti
e-Services Design & Delivery
Contents of Module VI – “e-Services Design &
Delivery”
The Enterprise Architecture
Enterprise Architectural Frameworks
Examples / Case Study: RM-ODP in the KIWI Project
e- Service Design & Delivery: the Technical
Perspective
ENTERPRISE ARCHITECTURE
 identifies the main components of the organization, its
information systems, the ways in which these components
work together in order to achieve defined business objectives,
and the way in which the information systems support the
business processes of the organization
 components include staff, business processes, technology,
information, financial and other resources, etc.
e- Service Design & Delivery: the Technical
Perspective
ENTERPRISE ARCHITECTURE
 Enterprise architecting is the set of processes, tools, and
structures necessary to implement an enterprise-wide
coherent and consistent IT architecture for supporting the
enterprise's business operations
 It takes a holistic view of the enterprise's IT resources rather
than an application-by-application view
e- Service Design & Delivery: the Technical
Perspective
ENTERPRISE ARCHITECTURE
 The design of business and IT system alignment is the domain
of Enterprise Architecture (EA). Enterprise architects seek to
align enterprise processes and structure with their supporting
IT systems.” (Wegmann et al. 2005)
 Enterprise Architecture is the process of translating business
vision and strategy into effective enterprise change by
creating, communicating and improving the key principles and
models that describe the enterprise’s future state and enable
its evolution” (Gartner Group 2006)
e- Service Design & Delivery: the Technical
Perspective
ENTERPRISE ARCHITECTURE
The Open Group's Enterprise Architecture definition (TOGAF 2003): There are four
types of architecture that are commonly accepted as subsets of an overall Enterprise
Architecture:
 business architecture: this defines the business strategy, governance,
organisation, and key business processes
 data/information architecture: this describes the structure of an organization's
logical and physical data assets and data management resources.
 application (systems) architecture: this kind of architecture provides a blueprint
for the individual application systems to be deployed, their interactions, and their
relationships to the core business processes of the organization.
 Information Technology (IT) architecture: the software infrastructure intended to
support the deployment of core, mission-critical applications
e- Service Design & Delivery: the Technical
Perspective
ENTERPRISE ARCHITECTURAL FRAMEWORKS
 An enterprise architecture framework (EA framework) is an
architecture framework which defines how to organize the
structure and views associated with an enterprise architecture
 “views” are typical elements which provide the mechanisms
for communicating information about the relationships that
are important in the architecture
Enterprise Architectural Frameworks
Enterprise Architectural Frameworks
ENTERPRISE ARCHITECTURAL FRAMEWORKS
Enterprise Architectural Frameworks
CASE STUDY
RM-ODP FRAMEWORK used in the context of e-Governance
RM-ODP – Reference Model – Open Distributed Processing
• ISO/IEC/ITU Standard
• Viewpoint modeling
• focuses mainly on Business process, Technical Functionality and Solution
• BPMN as business modeling
• UML as system modeling
Enterprise Architectural Frameworks
CASE STUDY -RM-ODP FRAMEWORK e-Governance
Viewpoint Modeling
•
•
•
•
•
The enterprise viewpoint, which focuses on the purpose, scope and policies for the
system. It describes the business requirements and how to meet them.
The information viewpoint, which focuses on the semantics of the information and
the information processing performed. It describes the information managed by
the system and the structure and content type of the supporting data.
The computational viewpoint, which enables distribution through functional
decomposition on the system into objects which interact at interfaces. It describes
the functionality provided by the system and its functional decomposition.
The engineering viewpoint, which focuses on the mechanisms and functions
required to support distributed interactions between objects in the system. It
describes the distribution of processing performed by the system to manage the
information and provide the functionality.
The technology viewpoint, which focuses on the choice of technology of the
system. It describes the technologies chosen to provide the processing,
functionality and presentation of information.
Enterprise Architectural Frameworks
CASE STUDY -RM-ODP FRAMEWORK used in the context of eGovernance
The EU KIWI Project (A Knowledge Management System for Civil Servants)
Enterprise Viewpoint
• It was considered so important that became a project deliverable per se
• It gathers user requirements
• It describes the knowledge process inside the target administrations in Italy,
France and Finland
• It identifies the “AS-IS” and the “TO-BE” processes fro each administration
• Information collected according to:
–
–
–
–
–
Basic Information / Analysis of the internal organisation
Knowledge Management
Technical Aspects
Performance evaluation
Swot analysis
Enterprise Architectural Frameworks
CASE STUDY -RM-ODP FRAMEWORK used in the context of eGovernance
The EU KIWI Project (A Knowledge Management System for Civil Servants)
Enterprise Viewpoint
Ministry of Interior
Italy
Enterprise Architectural Frameworks
CASE STUDY -RM-ODP FRAMEWORK used in the context of eGovernance
The EU KIWI Project (A Knowledge Management System for Civil Servants)
Enterprise Viewpoint
Prefecture of Milan
Italy
Enterprise Architectural Frameworks
CASE STUDY -RM-ODP FRAMEWORK used in the context of eGovernance
The EU KIWI Project (A Knowledge Management System for Civil Servants)
Enterprise Viewpoint
Prefecture of Milan
Italy
Focus on the
Immigrants
Regularisation
Process
Enterprise Architectural Frameworks
CASE STUDY -RM-ODP FRAMEWORK used in the context of eGovernance
The EU KIWI Project (A Knowledge Management System for Civil Servants)
Enterprise Viewpoint
Objectives of the new process
INTERVENTIONS / INSTRUMENTS
OBJECTIVES
Standardisation
intervention
Common
procedures and
rules
Electronic
databases
Usage of mobile
devices
Increase efficiency of
Knowledge Management


Increase effectiveness and
usefulness of KM





Favour knowledge sharing
among sectors
Increase uniformity among
bodies
Facilitate the organisation of
courses



Enterprise Architectural Frameworks
CASE STUDY -RM-ODP FRAMEWORK used in the context of eGovernance
• The EU KIWI Project (A Knowledge Management System for Civil Servants)
Information Viewpoint
Two main information content types are considered:
• The Knowledge content data and metadata: it is the exchangeable information, it
is managed by the knowledge information system;
• The Configuration content data and metadata: it is the system configuration
information, for example the mobile device characteristics or the wireless channel
characteristics.
The Knowledge content information is split up into two main categories:
• The Information resource data: metadata about useful resources, such as: websites, multimedia documents stored in databases, other information systems, etc.;
• The Knowledge data and metadata: the codified knowledge contained in the
managed basic data or in the users' tacit knowledge. Codified taxonomies and
ontologies are examples of knowledge data, the metadata is useful to link such
encoded knowledge to the basic data.
Enterprise Architectural Frameworks
CASE STUDY -The EU KIWI Project (A Knowledge Management System for Civil
Servants)
Computational Viewpoint
Enterprise Architectural Frameworks
CASE STUDY -The EU KIWI Project (A Knowledge Management System for Civil
Servants)
Engineering Viewpoint
Enterprise Architectural Frameworks
CASE STUDY -The EU KIWI Project (A Knowledge Management System for Civil
Servants)
Technology Viewpoint
The technology environment heterogeneity is handled resorting to the following approach:
•
As far as the developed modules, open de-facto standard solutions, coming out from standardisation
bodies and industry consortia, are utilized;
•
As far as external modules integration, Web-services interoperability technology is used.
The following technology framework has been analysed:
Network architectures
GPRS (General Packet Radio Service);
UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication Service);
WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) IEEE 802.11 family;
Bluetooth technology (IEEE 802.15).
Device Technologies
Voice Centric devices
Phone handset;
All the GPRS compliant devices
SmartPhone;
Nokia 7650
Enterprise Architectural Frameworks
CASE STUDY -The EU KIWI Project (A Knowledge Management System for Civil
Servants)
Technology Viewpoint
Data centric Devices
PDA (Personal Digital Assistant)
Compaq iPAQ H3970
Delivery technology
MMS (Multimedia Messaging Service) ;
Streaming.
E-Business Technologies
Java technology;
Microsoft .NET technology;
XML technology;
Web Services technology (UDDI, SOAP, WSDL, etc.);