ZIMBABWE
Key Natural Resources that develop Nations
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Steel
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Cement
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Copper
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Water
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Fuel
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Oil,
coal ,
gas (Natural and Coal Gas)
COAL AND GAS
Zambezi, Limpopo and Save Basins carry coal
and gas deposits. The level and quality of
resources vary.
OVERLYING SOIL
POWER COAL
INDUSTRY COAL
COKING COAL
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Hwange Basin – Coking Coal, Power Coal, Industry Coal
Gokwe Basin – Power Coal, Industry Coal
Limpopo Basin – Coking Coal?, Power Coal, Industry Coal
Save Basin – Power Coal, Industry Coal
CHALLENGES OF NATIONAL COAL RESOURCE
 High Sulphur and Phosphorous levels
 High Ash
 Local Infrastructure poor
 Environmental concerns
 Definition of coal and Coal grades(National Policy)
 Limited Local market
 Zimbabwe
has no port Facilities allocation.
Distance to Port 1500 – 2500KM. Cost of rail +-5c per
km per tonne vs Asia/Europe at +- 1,5c per km per tonne.
Building of Power Plants ($1m = 1 MW rule of
thumb)
 Social heating (use of discarded coal fines—
fight deforestation)
 Centralised Industrial Steam Parks(Industrial
Efficiency)
 Tobacco curing—special win-win pricing
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FUEL FROM COAL (National Costs Modeling
Key)----SA and Botswana experience.
Coal Exports (critical alignment with
Offshore metallurgical plants parameters a
pre-requisite)
More Power Plants
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South Africa’s Eskom is running out of coal
because Government gave nearly all Coal
Concessions to Private Players who now
choose to export for better prices.
Coal exports are achieved by a Nation not
individual Companies. So, a National Coal
Brand centrally marketed is a must if the
Nation has to enter World Coal Markets.
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By product of the formation of coal. Sits
deep in the ground trapped by large water
bodies.
Extraction is a highly technical endeavor.
There is need for a National Gas Policy.
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Gas found in coal basins
Ground must be less physically disturbed.
Hwange coal basin has huge potential, one
of the best in the region. A Company is
currently applying for a Production License.
• Gas yield Tests (Desorption):
Lubimbi
BH “A” (Hwange Colliery): 5m3/ton at 450m
BH “B” (Hwange Colliery): 1m3/ton at 250m
Luseche
Figures not available (Shangani Energy) at 835m
Entuba
BH “A” (Hwange Colliery): 4m3/ton at 410m
• Gas Yield Tests
Half way House (measured in billion cubic
feet/square mile):
BH-C3 (Shangani Energy): 35bcf/mi2
BH-C4 (Shangani Energy): 51bcf/mi2
Gwayi
Here gas resource was estimated at 50billion cubic
meters over 177 km2 of the area. Total 6 TCF = 2
000MW for 50 years
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CHALLENGES
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No infrastructure (storage and transport)
No Policy (mineral, fuel, chemical—Inter
Ministerial Issue)
Technological knowhow low
Accelerated exploration and development
programme can lead to creation of “Load
Management”
Power generation Plants as well as cheap (cost)
fertilizers and chemicals. Cost +- $20m
LONGTERM
Its key to create a National and Regional
Industry outside Power Generation e.g. adopt
motor vehicle engines that use CNG
(Brazil).Incentivise new Industry designed for
use of Gas away from Electricity, Coal and Oil.
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1989 Mobil Oil Study
Abandoned 1993 due to no National Policy on
Gas
EDUCATED ESTIMATES
 Cabora bassa basin 560 TCM
 Mana Pools Basin 27.5 TCM
 Mid Zambezi Basin 27 TCM
 Mid/Longterm National Strategy is needed.
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THANK YOU
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