Combating Trafficking
a
presentation
By
Dr. K.P. Singh, IPS
DGP (Crime), Haryana
20 January , 2015
Panipat
Human Trafficking
is
as prevalent , present & real
as
Earth, water and air
REASONS BEHIND HT
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Prostitution
Religious Traditions
Labor Exploitation
Organ Trading
Begging , Entertainment
Adoption
Marriages
Pornography
Enmity
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HUMAN TRAFFICKING IS A REALITY
ekuo rLdjh ,d gdhdr gS
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2nd largest criminal industry after drug trafficking.
2.70 crore people are victims of HT world wide.
95 % experience physical or sexual violence
40 lac prostitutes in India
40 % of them are minor
80 % victims of HT are women & girls
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ekuo rLdjh ds fo:} tax fu.kkZ;d lkfcr ugha gqbZ gSA
Combating Trafficking has been a
non-priority , neglected and unimportant
area for
the police, the people and the society
5
euq"; xqyke ugha cuuk pkgrk]
ij] xqykeh ilUn djrk gSA
Man does not want to become slave
but likes slavery and servitude
HUMAN TARFFICKING
ekuo rLdjh dh ifjHkk"kk
Traffic in human being means selling and buying
men and women like goods.
'kjhj vkSj Je ds 'kks"k.k ds fy, xktj&ewyh dh rjg
euq";ksa dh [kjhn&Qjks[r djuk gh ekuo rLdjh gSA
Raj Bahadur Vs. Legal Remembrance
• AIR 1953 Cal. 522
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SECTION 370 IPC - TRAFFICKING OF PERSON
ekuo rLdjh dh dkuwuh ifjHkk"kk
(1) Whoever, for the purpose of exploitation, (a) recruits,
(b) transports, (c) harbours, (d) transfers, or (e) receives,
a person or persons, by –
First –using threats, or
Secondly- using force, or any other form of coercion, or
Thirdly- by abduction, or
Fourthly- by practicing fraud, or deception, or
Fifthly- by abuse of power, or
Sixthly- by inducement, including the giving or receiving of
payment or benefits, in order to achieve the consent of any
person having control over the person
commits the offence of trafficking.
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EXPLOITATION OF A TRAFFICKED PERSON
(SEC. 370-A IPC)
rLdjh ds f’kdkj yksxksa dk 'kks"k.k
1. Whoever, knowingly or having reason to believe that a minor has
been trafficked, engages such minor for sexual exploitation in any
manner, shall be punished with rigorous imprisonment for a term
which shall not be less than five years, but which may extend to
seven years, and shall also be liable to fine.
2. Minimum of 3 years to 5 years and fine in case of exploitation of
an adult trafficked person.
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LEGAL TOOLS FOR COMBAT
ekuo rLdjh ls tqM+s dkuwu
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IPC sections 370,370-A, 363,373 & so many others
PITA 1986- Immoral Trafficking
Juvenile Justice Act 2000
POCSO, 2012
Child labour prohibition Act, 1976
Child Marriage Restraints Act, 1929
Indecent Representation of women Act 1986
Bonded Labour Act
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ekuo rLdjh ds fo:} vk/kh&v/kwjh tax
CRIME UNDER PITA (2013)
Total cases registered – 2579,
AP 489,
Karnataka 340,
Tamilnadu 549,
Maharashtra 280,
Kerala 180,
Haryana 63
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ROOTS OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING
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Human trafficking is economy driven & demand
generated .
D;ksafd
Demand &Supply nexus
xjhch cktkj ltkrh gS A vkSj
vehjh mu cktkjksa dks xqytkj djrh gSA
Poverty
Illiteracy and Unemployment
ekuo rLdjh &
Bad governance
fMekaM&lIykbZ dk rkuk&ckuk gSA
eqQfylh dk jksuk&/kksuk gSA
Skewed Development
O;oLFkk dh ukQjekuh gSA
lekt dh ekSu Lohd`fr gSA
Gender based violence
dkuwu dh Hkwy&HkqyS;k gSA
Demand for the victims
O;fDr dh tqjZr gSA
ihfM+r dh O;Fkk gSA
Poor enforcement of laws
Lack of concern and indifference of the society
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Dimensions of HT in India
Hkkjr esa ekuo rLdjh ds vk;ke
- Supplier (Gulf Countries)
- Transit point (For Nepalis and Bangladeshis)
- Receiver (From Nepal and Bangladesh)
Indian share in victims of HT world over is 4.7 %
Young Boys and Girls are trafficked from
economically under develop areas to
economically well off states within India.
COMBATTING HUMAN TRAFFICKING
ekuo rLdjh ds fo:} tax dk f=dks.k
Prevention
Protection
Prosecution
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COMBATING HT FOR PROSTITUTION
Three Models
Suppression : To wipe out (American Model)
Regulation : Accept inevitability of prostitution
and direct to prevent and minimize its evil effect
(British Model)
Abolition : Of all control
It recognizes prostitution as a trade/profession and
abolish all restriction and control.
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COMBATING PROSTITUTION: PHILOSOPHICAL
CONTOURS
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ISSUES IN COMBATTING TRAFFICKING
1. Laws are potent, enforcement is weak
dkuwu etcwr] fdz;kUo;u detksj]
• Police not catching the traffickers
• Role ambiguity- moral policing vs law enforcement
• Treating victims as offenders
• Prosecution & Judiciary not properly sensitized
• Not enough mechanism and infrastructure
• Rohtak Apna Ghar incident
• 90 % of the rescued victims have no option but to get retrafficked
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2. SOCIETY’S MIND SET
• Not ready to accept victims of human trafficking as
equal human beings worth re-integrating with society
• Response of stake holders has been unwelcoming
generally with few exceptions
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Family Response
Weep
Curse
Forget &
Hate
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Police Response
Take
Make
Fake &
Forget
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Societal Response
Joke
Mock
Laugh &
Hate
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Protection Home Manager’s Response
Receive
Deceive
Abuse &
Dispose
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NGO’s Response
Discovery
Recovery
Custody
Study
Publish &
Rubbish
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Ideal Response
Suppress
Prevent
Educate
Regulate
Rehabilitate &
Re-integrate
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3. CHANGE APPROACH TOWARDS COMBATING
PROSTITUTION
tax dh uhfr cnyuh pkfg, ?
fMekaM &lIykbZ dk dqpdz rksM+uk
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Break demand-supply nexus
Make prostitution per se an offence & customer liable
Attempt in 2006 to amend PITA failed
Do we have the mechanism & infrastructure to
rehabilitate and reintegrate 40 lac sex workers ?
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4. BREAKING DEMAND SUPPLY CIRCLE
(REDUCING DEMAND)
fMekaM dk dqpdz rksM+us dk ldkjkRed lk/ku
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Improve male-female sex ratio
Proper enforcement of MTP & PCPNDT Laws
Educating the masses about importance of girl child
Strengthening moral fiber of the society
• Sex-ratio(0-6) age group- all India- 919, Haryana834, improved by 10 points in last decade
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5. BREAKING DEMAND-SUPPLY NEXUS
(REDUCING SUPPLY)
lIykbZ dk dqpdz rksM+us ds ldkjkRed lk/ku
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Rehabilitation of children of sex workers
Reintegration of rescued sex workers
Post work rehabilitation of sex workers
Rehabilitation and reintegration of active sex workers
Ujjawala scheme of Govt. of India
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Combating HT for Labour Exploitation
Je 'kks"k.k ds fy, ekuo&rLdjh ds fo:} tax
Laws are strict, enforcement is weak
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Demand in every middle class family & in small time business
Mushrooming of placement service agencies
How to improve enforcement machinery, Non-priority area
Rehabilitation of the victims, lack of infrastructure
Public to be awakened for not employing children
Disabilities of civil nature for industries employing child labour
Enforcement of Right to education laws
Definition of child needs revisit
Zero tolerance on child labour
COMBATTING TRAFFICKING FOR MARRIAGES
• Trafficked for marriage, re-trafficked,
re-trafficked and so on
• Breaking the nexus of re-trafficking
• Strict action against traffickers
• Such trafficked women become facilitator
• Trafficked women are treated second rate
citizen
• Protection of civil, personal and social rights of
the trafficked brides and their off-springs
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TRAFFICKING FOR ORGAN TRADE, BEGGING
RECREATION, PORNOGRAPHIC PURPOSES
• Laws are strict
• Law enforcement agencies need to
be educated and geared up
• Focus and priority
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WHAT IS LACKING?
deh dgka gS ?
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Orientation
Competency
Will power
Public co-operation
Focus
Supervision and monitoring
(n`f"Vdks.k )
({kerk )
(bPNk&’kfDr )
(tu≶ksx )
(ladsanz.k )
(i;Zos{k.k ,oa leh{kk )
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lgL=kfCn;ksa dh dqizFkk,a ,d fnu esa lekIr ugha gks ldrhA
Way ahead……
lq>ko
• NCRB to collect data
• Anti-Human Trafficking Bureau for quality investigation
• National Portal on HT where citizen can upload pictures
and information about trafficked person
• Continuous public awareness campaign
• Create adequate infrastructure for rehabilitation and reintegration of victims of HT as per PITA, JJ Act etc.
• Central legislation for preventing religious prostitution
& begging
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Improve Sex Ratio,
Research should be encouraged in the Universities
Involving civil society,for identification & rehabilitation
Enforcement of existing laws to be ensured.
Accountability of all law enforcement agencies
including Police , Labour deptt, Social Welfare deptt,
Health deptt etc. should be fixed for inadequate
enforcement of law.
Remember
var esa
• Human life is a gift of our Creator and it should never
be for sale.
-President Bush
• ekuo thou fo/kkrk dk ojnku gS ] bls er cspksA bls fcdus er nksA
Remember
var esa
• Human Trafficking is a degradation of our common
Humanity
- Barrack Obama
• ekuo&rLdjh ekuo ds iru dh nkLrku gSA
Remember
var esa
• Civilization can not sustain unless justice is
given to every soul.
• fonzksg dk vadqj vU;k; dh i`"BHkwfe esa gh vadqfjr gksrk gSA
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