WORLD SHIPPING AND MARITIME EDUCATION STANDARDS
Mykhaylo Miyusov
Rector, Odessa National Maritime Academy
The International Forum on Seafarer’s Education, Training and
Crewing
23-24th April 2014
Odessa, Ukraine
Shipping in the 21st century
Growth in World Economy
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development
(OECD)
Industrial Production Index and indices for world GDP,
merchandise trade and seaborne trade (1975–2013)
Growth in World Economy
WORLD
Developed economies
Developing economies
Transition economies
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
1.5
0.0
5.3
5.2
-2.2
-3.8
2.4
-7.8
4.1
2.6
7.9
4.5
2.8
1.5
5.9
4.3
2.2
1.2
4.6
3.4
2.1
1.0
4.7
2.5
World economic growth, 2008–2013
(Annual percentage change)
Growth in World seaborne trade
International seaborne trade,
selected years (million tons)
THE WORLD FLEET
Years
Type of ship
2000
2005
2010
2011
2012
2013
Oil tankers
283,066
340,748
450,053
439,932
469,516
490,743
Bulk carriers
274,445
325,666
456,623
547,192
623,006
684,673
General cargo
101,520
91,827
108,232
81,159
80,825
80,345
Container ships
63,580
100,226
169,158
183,691
196,853
206,577
Other types of ships
71,160
49,007
92,072
163,135
166,667
166,445
793,771
907,474
1,276,137
1,415,110
1,536,867
1,628,783
Total fleet
World Merchant fleet by type of ship,
2000–2013, selected years
The world merchant fleet by type of ship,
1980-2013
(dead weight tons in thousands)
THE WORLD FLEET
Years
Type of ship
Oil tankers
Bulk carriers
General cargo
Container ships
Total fleet
2011
2012
2013
10,609
8,228
21,090
4,966
83,283
10,912
8,958
21,157
5,095
85,442
11,176
9,512
21,114
5,109
86,942
Number of ships of the world merchant fleet
by type of ship, 2011–2013
Number of ships of the world merchant fleet
by type of ship, 2011–2013
World Labour Market
The number of Ukrainian Seafarers on the World Labour Market according to years
Year
1995
2000
2005
2010
Position
Officers
14000
14000
28908
35400
Ratings
24000
23000
36119
40000
The Baltic and International Maritime Council (BIMCO) and International Shipping Federation
(ISF) carry out research and publish relevant reports about tendencies on the world’s maritime
labour market every five years. The latest report was published at the end of 2010. Besides,
Drewry Shipping Consultants Ltd. annually publishes reports based on their own research
devoted to the topic considered . According to the latter the total amount of officers of seagoing
vessels in 2010 was estimated as 532000, which is 32 per cent more than in 1990, and 14 per
cent more than in 2005. Over the period since 1990 the countries of Eastern Europe have shown
the biggest relative growth in the number of officers. According to the information since 1995 to
2010 the number of Ukrainian officers has become 2.5 times as big on the world labour market.
Standards system of maritime education
The functions and levels of responsibility
Ship departmental
divisions
Deck
Deck & Engine
Engine
FUNCTION
LEVEL OF RESPONSIBILITY
Management Operational
Support
Navigation
Cargo handling and
stowage
Controlling the operation
of a ship and care for
persons on board
+
+
+
+
+
Marine engineering
Maintenance and repair
Electrical, electronics
+
+
+
+
+
+
and control engineering
Radio
Radio communication
+
+
+
The system of education in Ukraine
(34 years)
Doctoral degrees
D
D
Specialist
1,5 year
Master
1,5 year
D
D
Age 2223 years
Age 21 year
Bachelor
34 years
Age 17 years
DSc
PhD

Certificate
 Diploma
D
Junior
Specialist
3 years
D
Post-secondary
non-tertiary education
Upper secondary education
13 years
Secondary education (11 years)
С
Lower secondary education
Primary education
C
C
Early childhood education
General structure of study programme
Certificate of Competency
Diploma
Diploma
Study programme
STCW Code requirements
Educational requirements
Practical training
Advanced professionally
oriented competencies
Generic competencies
IMO Model Course
Fundamentals
Study process timetable
Study programmes development
Officers’ training
The education degrees and levels of responsibility
Education degree
The level of responsibility
(level of education)
Junior Specialist
(level of the certificate of competence)
Operational (officer in charge)
Bachelor
Management (chief mate, second engineer officer)
Specialist or Master
Management (master, chief engineer officer)
Officers’ training
The fields of education and Certificates of Competency
Field of education
Navigation
Ships power plants
operation
Ships Electrical
Engineering & Automation
Degree
Junior Specialist
Certificates of competency
Officer in charge of a navigational watch
Bachelor
Chief mate
Specialist, Master
Junior Specialist
Master
Officers in charge of an engineering watch
Bachelor
Second engineer officer
Specialist, Master
Junior Specialist
Chief engineer officer
Electro-technical officer (national 3rd class
ETO)
Bachelor
Specialist, Master
Automated Control of
Ships’ Power Plants
Radio-electronic devices,
systems and complexes
Electro-technical officer (national 2nd class
ETO)
Bachelor
Electro-technical officer (national 1st class
ETO)
Officers in charge of an engineering watch
Specialist, Master
Junior Specialist
Chief engineer officer
2nd class radiooperator (national)
Bachelor
1st class radiooperator (national)
Specialist, Master
2nd / 1st class radioelectronic
The system of certification for master and deck
department in Ukraine
CСo STCW regulation II/2
Master
Refresh & Update Courses
every 5 years
Examination
Update Courses
Specialist or 18 months
Master degree
CСo STCW regulation II/2
Chief mate
Refresh & Update Courses
every 5 years
Examination
Bachelor 18 months
degree
CСo STCW regulation II/1
Officer in charge of a
navigational watch
Junior Specialist
Study Programme
Update
course
Refresh & Update
Courses
every 5 years
12 months
18 months
CСo STCW regulation II/1
Officer in charge of a
navigational watch
Bachelor
Study Programme
Refresh & Update
Courses
every 5 years
12 months
Quality assurance of seafarers’ training in Ukraine
 system of sectoral education standards are to be executed and set in the
legislation;
 quality standards systems which are being implemented into maritime
educational institutions in accordance with regulation I/8 of the STCW Convention
and the order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine;
 state accreditation system (educational institutions have to confirm quality
every 5 years, national educational institutions have to perform it every 10 years);
 periodic inspections by the State Inspectorate of educational institutions of
Ukraine;
 periodic inspections by the State Inspection of Ukraine on Safety at Sea and
River Transport;
 activity of Methodological commission on maritime and river transport, which
combines leading experts of all the maritime higher educational institutions and
maritime industry and develops guidelines for quality assurance in education.
Quality Management System in compliance with ISO
9001:2008 standard
Since 28.01.2014 new regulatory documents on seafarers’ certification such as
corresponding orders of the Ministry of Infrastructure of Ukraine have been put into
force. They are:
№ 567 of 07.08.2013 “Concerning the regulations on the procedure of rank
conferment to officers of sea-going vessels”;
№ 811 of 18.10.2013 "Concerning the approval of model documents of officers and
crew members of sea-going vessels which certify appropriate qualification for
position holding on board the vessel and identify its owners”;
№ 812 of 18.10.2013 "Concerning the approval of the procedure of qualification
documents issuance to officers of the vessels, yacht personnel, who are not engaged in
commercial transportation and to crew members of sea-going vessels”;
№ 813 of 18.10.2013 "Concerning the approval of procedure confirmation of
qualification and certification of officers and yacht personnel, who are not engaged in
commercial transportation and crew members of sea-going vessels”.
Conclusion
It is necessary to involve all people concerned (maritime administration,
educational institutions, shipping and crewing companies) in the process of
seafarers’ training and crewing and pay their attention to the following basic
problems:
extension of cadets’ opportunities of annual full-fledge practical training
on board within the whole study period;
increase of the English language level of cadets and graduates of maritime
educational institutions;
support of teachers and instructors who combine work at sea and ashore at
maritime universities;
supply educational institutions with up-to-date laboratory and training
equipment.
LOGO