Electrical Safety
In The Workplace
Changing Profession, Changing Attitudes
Accepted test methods circa 1942
Testing for voltage
by touch under 250
volts considered
safe!!
Testing for low
voltage by tasting!!
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Electrical Safety
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Electrical Safety
- What are the Electrical Hazards?
 Electrical Shock – When electrical current
enters and exits the body creating a path.
 Arc Flash – A dangerous condition associated
with the release of energy caused by an
electric arc. Note that this explosive condition
includes a broad spectrum of electromagnetic
energy, plasma, fragments and a spray of
molten materials.
 Arc Blast – Pressure wave caused by the
expansion of gases and conducting materials
with flying molten materials.
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Electrical Safety
Shock Illustration
Current passage paths through the body
(A) Touch Potential
(B) Step Potential
(C and D) Touch / Step Potential
Current passing through the heart and lungs is the most serious
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Electrical Safety
Effects of Shock on the body
- Current, Not Voltage causes Electrical
Shock
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
mA
0.5 - 3
3+
10+
30+
60+
100+
• 4+ Amps
• 5+ Amps
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Affect on Person
Tingling sensations
Shock
Muscle contractions and pain
Respiratory paralysis
Heart Paralysis (may be fatal)
Ventricular fibrillation (usually
fatal)
Heart Paralysis
Tissue and Organs start to burn
SALISBURY BY HONEYWELL - CONFIDENTIAL
Electrical Safety
Statistics
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Annual U.S.
average
4,000
Electrical contact
injuries, nondisabling
Annual U.S.
average
3,600
Electrical contact
injuries, disabling
Each Day
1
Person is
electrocuted
Electrocutions
4
Leading cause of
occupational
fatalities
Every Year
2000+
Workers are sent to
burn centers with
electrical burns
SALISBURY BY HONEYWELL - CONFIDENTIAL
Electrical Safety
Terms and Definitions related to Arc Flash
• Arc Rating. Arc Rating is a protection value assigned to textile
materials based on predicting 2nd degree burn injury based on the
Stoll Curve.
• Arc Flash hazard. A dangerous condition associated with the
release of energy caused by an electric arc. Note that this explosive
condition includes a broad spectrum of electromagnetic energy,
plasma, fragments and a spray of molten materials.
• Incident Energy as the amount of energy impressed on a surface, a
certain distance from the source, generated during an electric arc
event. Incident Energy is measured in calories/cm2.
• Cal/cm2. (Calories per Sq. Centimeter) The total energy on a
surface area. It is the unit of measure used for Arc Ratings.
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Electrical Safety
What causes Arc Flashes?
Electricity will go through the path of
least resistance. When the path of
electricity is suddenly interrupted, the
electricity will try to create a new
pathway.
The arc can be generated by:
- Mechanical
breakdown/failure
- Current overload
- Accidental contact
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Electrical Safety
Arc Flash Variables
• Variables that effect the size and
energy of an electric arc flash are:
 Amperage
 Voltage
 Arc gap
 Closure time
 Distance away from arc
 3 phase v single phase
 Confined space
 Characteristics of equipment
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Electrical Safety
Arc Flash Impacts
• As much as 80% of all electrical injuries are
burns resulting from an arc-flash and ignition
of flammable clothing.
• Arc temperature can reach 35,000°F - this is
four times hotter than the surface of the sun.
Fatal burns can occur at distances over 10 ft.
• Over 2000 people are admitted into burn
centers each year with severe electrical
burns
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Example of an
arcing fault
Electrical Safety
Arc Blast
• Electrical Arc-Flash can
create blast in excess of 200
lbs/ft2.
• Arc-Blast can cause collateral
damage and extreme personal
damage.
- Explode switchgear
- Send molten metal at
extreme high velocities.
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Electrical Safety
Are you in Compliance?
Are your workers Safe?
• Industry standards and regulations:
- OSHA 29 CFR 1910 Subpart S
- NEC 2011
- NFPA 70E-2012 Edition
- Various ASTM Requirements
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Electrical Safety
NEC 2011 – National Electric Code
• 110.16 Arc Flash Hazard Warning -
Switchboards, panel
boards, industrial control panels, and motor control centers in other
than dwelling units, that are likely to require examination, adjustment,
servicing, or maintenance while energized, shall be field marked to
warn qualified persons of potential electric arc flash hazards. The
marking shall be located so as to be clearly visible to qualified persons
before examination, adjustment, servicing, or maintenance of the
equipment.
FPN No. 1: NFPA 70E-2012, Electrical Safety Requirements for
Employee Workplaces, provides assistance in determining severity of
potential exposure, planning safe work practices, and selecting
personal protective equipment.
FPN No. 2: ANSI Z535.4-2007, Product Safety Signs and Labels,
provides guidelines for the design of safety signs and labels for
application to products.
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Electrical Safety
Sample NEC Warning Article 110.16
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Electrical Safety
NFPA 70E – 2012 Edition Standard
• Electrical Safety Requirements for
Employee Workplaces
- This requirement covers all aspects of
worker safety associated with electrical
hazards in the workplace. Within this
standard are recommendations for proper
PPE (Personal Protective Equipment)
- Addresses hazards:
 Shock
 Arc Flash
- Requirements for shock and arc flash
boundaries
- Requirements for personal protective
equipment
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Electrical Safety
NFPA 70E 2012 Summary of Significant Changes
• All references to “FR” now changed to “Arc Rated”. This identifies
that FR clothing is not necessarily tested to the ASTM test for arc
rating.
• Addition of incident energy tables for direct current (DC) systems.
• Terms such as “flash protection boundary”, “flash hazard boundary”,
and “flash boundary” changed to new term “arc flash boundary”.
• The nose was added to the coverage needed from a balaclava.
• Retraining shall be performed at intervals not to exceed 3 years.
• Electrical safety program shall identify procedures for working :within
the limited approach boundary and arc flash boundary to clarify the
separation between the two boundaries.
• Removal of 2* category. For 2012, all is included in category 2.
• Arc Blast is now a recognized hazard by NFPA 70E. Inclusion of this
hazard may require updated assessments.
• Employees must report any perceived contact to supervision.
• Employers must inform contractors of any known hazards.
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Electrical Safety
How Do I Protect My Workers???
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Electrical Safety
• NFPA 70E Approach Boundaries
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Electrical Safety
• NFPA 70E provides two choices for selecting the
appropriate PPE:
• Perform an arc flash hazard analysis, and document
the incident energy exposure
- EasyPower
- Duke Flux Software (Freeware)
- ETAP
- IEEE 1584 Standard
• As an alternate, use the “Hazard Risk Category
Classifications” table to choose the PPE level
required for the task
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Electrical Safety
Salisbury Assessment
Solutions (SAS)
A full turn-key solution which
provides an arc flash hazard
analysis and the necessary
PPE recommendations
needed to protect workers
against those hazards
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Electrical Safety
What Does SAS Provide?
- SAS will put you into compliance!
- Engineering service designed to
identify hazardous electrical
conditions which may exist in
commercial or industrial facilities.
- Proper compliance training of
personnel on procedures to help
reduce injury/harm to the electrical
worker
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Electrical Safety
SAS Process
• Initial Review
- Our engineers will review your line drawings and
based on those drawings, identify potential risks in
your work environment.
- If line drawings are out of date or unavailable, our
engineers will be onsite to identify the potential
risks.
• Post Review
- SAS will provide you with a full summary of the
assessment as well as recommend practices to
improve your organizations safety practices.
- SAS provides the training necessary to ensure your
staff is educated in safe work practices.
- SAS will recommend the necessary PPE to provide
your staff with essential protective equipment to
keep them safe in the event of an arc flash.
Salisbury Assessment Solutions gives you the Tools
and Training to provide a Safe Work Environment!!
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Electrical Safety
Benefits of SAS – Turn Key Solution
• Assessment Solutions
- SAS will complete the Salisbury by
Honeywell “One Stop” Arc Flash Solution
that our competition cannot offer
 For years, Salisbury by Honeywell has
offered all of the electrical PPE needed for
an electrical worker.
 Now with Salisbury Assessment
Solutions, Salisbury by Honeywell can
offer electrical assessments and training!
• SAS Consumer Promise
- SAS will continue to provide the worker with
the same quality in its SAS service as the
industry has come to expect from the
products that Salisbury by Honeywell has
provided since 1855.
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Electrical Safety
Who Could Use SAS?
• Institutional
• Government
• Manufacturing
• Hospitals
• Warehousing
• Marine
• Military
• All Non Residential Facilities
With Electrical Power
Requirements
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Electrical Safety
Getting Started With Your SAS Assessment!!
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Electrical Safety
• What Is Electrical Safety PPE?
The Term “Electrical
Safety PPE” Includes All
Products Available To
The Worker To Ensure a
Safe Work Environment
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Electrical Safety
• Who Needs Electrical Safety PPE?
• OSHA/NFPA 70E states:
“For energized circuits over 50 volts or more, safety
tools and personal protective equipment must be
used.”
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Electrical Safety
• Hazard Risk 2
Maximum Exposure 8 cal/cm²
Minimal Protection Level 8 cal/cm²
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Electrical Safety
• Hazard Risk 3
Maximum exposure 25 cal/cm²
Required Protection Level 25 cal/cm²
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Electrical Safety
Hazard Risk 4
Maximum Exposure 40 cal/cm²
Required Protection Level 40 cal/cm²
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Electrical Safety
• NFPA 70E:
- Does Not Recognize a Hazard Above 40 cal/cm²
- Suits With Higher Values Are Available But Are
Not Recognized by NFPA 70E
 May Be Needed When Using Software Method
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Electrical Safety
• Make the Right Choice
• Uniforms
- HRC 1 & 2 Solution
• Coveralls
- Additional Layer
- Do Not Use Over 11 cal/cm2
• 3 Piece System
- Bib Overalls / Jacket / Hood
 Higher Risk Categories
• Lab Coats
- Unsafe
 Additional Leg Protection Needed / Leggings
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Electrical Safety
• Face Shields
Must Meet ASTM F2178-02
Must Meet ANSI Z87.1
Meet Same Criteria for ATPV Rating Given to Garments
Based on ASTM F1958
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Electrical Safety
• Face Shields
Proper Storage Will Prolong Life of
Face Shield
Clean With Mild Soap and Warm
Water
DO NOT USE
Cleaners with Abrasives
Dish Soap with Scents
Petroleum Based Cleaners
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Electrical Safety
• Insulating Gloves
OSHA 1910.333(a)(1)
Rubber Insulating Gloves are
among the most important
articles of personal protective
equipment for electrical workers.
They are the first line of defense
for contact with any energized
components or lines.
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Electrical Safety
ASTM Labeling Chart
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Electrical Safety
Types of Rubber
• Two Types of Rubber
- Type I
 Flexible
 Corona Cutting
 UV
- Type II
 Less Flexible
 Only Available in CL00 and CL0
 Very Durable
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Electrical Safety
Glove Inspection
• Working around sharp object, in
close proximity to energized
parts
• Gloves must be inspected prior
to each use
• There are two ways to inspect
gloves
- Manual
- Portable glove inflator
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Electrical Safety
Gloves Reject Criteria
Rejection of Gloves
- Cuts
- Punctures
- Ozone checking
- Corona Cutting
- Embedded foreign
materials
- Oil markings
- Gloves that leak air.
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Electrical Safety
Gloves Testing
The interval between
electrical retest for issued
Rubber Gloves shall not
exceed six months
Gloves that have been
electrically tested but not
issued shall not be placed
into service unless they
have been electrically
tested within previous
twelve months
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Electrical Safety
Gloves Storage
• Rubber gloves should
be stored in glove
bags
• Do not store more
than one pair of gloves
in each bag
• Do not store on or in
front of truck heaters.
• Do not roll , fold or
tape
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Electrical Safety
Glove Liner
Glove liners made
from stretch fabric
accommodate a range
of hand sizes, absorb
perspiration and
improve wearer
comfort and dexterity.
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Electrical Safety
Typical Products
Containing Petroleum
Products
• Washing detergents
- Safe Alternative Salisbury’s Salco Cleaner.
• Hand soaps- Use Salisbury’s
Rub-Out hand cleaner.
• Baby powder-Use Salisbury’s
10-4 Glove Dust.
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Electrical Safety
Application
• Sizing of Rubber
Gloves
- To determine the
proper size,
measure the
distance around the
palm of the hand
between the thumb
and forefinger
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Electrical Safety
Leather Protector
Gloves
Leather Protector Gloves
should always be worn over
electrical insulating gloves to
provide needed mechanical
protection against abrasion or
cuts. Leather protectors should
never be used as work gloves
and work gloves should never
be used as protectors.
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Electrical Safety
Arc Flash & Gloves
• NFPA 70E Requires that Voltage Rated Gloves and
Protectors Must Be Worn in the Presence Of Voltage
But Does Not Discuss Arc Ratings for Gloves.
• NFPA 70E Does Say That Leather Gloves Offer Good
Arc Flash Protection
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Electrical Safety
Insulated Tools
• NFPA 70E 130.7(D)(1)• Employees Shall Use Insulated
Tools and/or Handling Equipment
When Working Inside the Limited
Approach Boundary of Exposed
Live Parts Where Tools or Handling
Equipment Might Make Accidental
Contact…..
• Both NFPA 70E and OSHA Require
Insulated Tools When Working On
or Near 50V or More While
Energized
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Electrical Safety
Insulated Tools
•
•
•
•
•
ASTM F1505
OSHA 1910.333(c)(2)
Tested to 10,000V
Max Use 1000V
Must Have Two Color Coating if
Coated Tool
• Must Show Symbol For Use in
Live Voltage Situation
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Electrical Safety
• Blankets
• Blankets, as all other insulating
products (except rubber gloves, used
with leather protectors) are designed
to provide protection against
accidental contact with energized
parts
• Salisbury Insulating Blankets,
compliant with ASTM D1048
specification, are flexible and feature
a reinforced beaded edge and eyelets
for added strength and tearresistance
• Salisbury insulating blankets are
available in Type I – natural rubber
and Type II SALCOR ® rubber
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Electrical Safety
Roll Blankets
Salisbury is offering insulating
blanket material on a roll.
Salisbury’s insulating Roll
Blankets, made from a highstrength fabric-reinforced TYPE
II rubber or PVC clear blankets,
allow workers to custom cut the
blanket to fit each job
assignment. The product is
available in three classes: Class
00 (500v), Class 0 (1,000v) and
Class 1 (7,500v). PVC is class 1
only
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SALISBURY BY HONEYWELL - CONFIDENTIAL
Electrical Safety
Insulated Rescue Hooks
An invaluable tool for any workplace,
Salisbury’s rescue hook is used to
withdraw an injured worker from a
hazardous area. Confined spaces,
vaults and the vicinities of electrical
cabinets and switch gear are some of
the places where the Salisbury
Insulated Rescue Hook is a must.
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SALISBURY BY HONEYWELL - CONFIDENTIAL
Electrical Safety
Newest Electrical Safety
Products
Premium Light Weight 40
Calorie Arc Flash Suit
Universal Weight
Balancing Shield
Non Spark/Non Magnetic
Insulate Tools
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SALISBURY BY HONEYWELL - CONFIDENTIAL
Electrical Safety
Thank You!!
For More Information, Please
Visit Us At:
SalisburyByHoneywell.com
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