Open Building Information
Monitoring
Andrew Krioukov
David Culler
Previously: Manual Instrumentation
4/12/11
CPS 2011
2
Cory Hall Sensors & Meters
• 10 Dent PowerScout electrical meters
– ModBus, RS-485
• 2 Power Standards Labs meters
– Ethernet
• 2 ION 6200 meters
– ModBus, RS-485
• 70 ACME receptacle meters
– 802.15.4/LoWPAN/IP
• 4 rooftop solar, temp sensors
• Obvius steam meter
A
1
5
9
13
17
21
25
29
33
37
41
B
3
7
11
15
19
23
27
31
35
39
2
6
10
14
18
22
26
30
34
38
42
Panel 1
4
8
A
A
Panel 2
1
A
9
12
16
5
B
B
13
20
17
24
21
28
25
32
29
36
33
40
37
41
B
3
7
11
15
19
23
27
31
35
39
2
6
10
14
18
22
26
30
34
38
42
4
8
12
16
20
24
28
32
36
40
Applications
sMAP: Narrow Waist
Personal
Feedback
Modeling
Visualization
Control
Storage
Location
Continuous
Commissioning
Actuation
Debugging
Authentication
JSON, HTTP
sMAP
CSV, HTTP
HTML, HTTP
Bacnet/IP
ModBus
RS-485
Differing Schemas,
Encodings and
Transport
Sutardja Dai Hall
•
•
•
•
•
~140k sq. feet
Siemens Apogee BMS
WattStopper
BACnet/IP
5886 sense/control
points
Network
Sensors,
Actuators
Controllers
Internet
Technical Specification Sheet
Rev. 9, August 2003
Modular Building Controller
Siemens
P2
over RS-485
safety, security, and lighting). Up to 100 modular
field panels communicate on a peer-to-peer
netw ork.
Remote
Login
sMAP
Features
M odular hardw are components to match
equipment to initial control requirements w hile
providing for future expansion
M odular, snap-in design simplifies installation and
servicing
Transparent view ing panels on the enclosure door
to view the status indicator LEDs and override
sw itch positions
Integration platform for communications and
interoperability w ith other systems and devices
Proven program sequences to match equipment
control applications
Figure 1. M odular Building Controller.
Description
The M odular Building Controller (M BC) is an integral
part of the APOGEE® Building Automation System.
It is a high performance, modular Direct Digital
Control (DDC) supervisory field panel. The field panel
operates stand-alone or netw orked to perform
complex control, monitoring and energy
management functions w ithout relying on a higher
level processor.
The M BC provides central monitoring and control for
distributed Floor Level Netw ork (FLN) devices and
other building systems (e.g., chiller, boiler, fire/life
Advanced Proportional Integral Derivative (PID)
loop tuning algorithm for HVAC control to
minimize oscillations and guarantee precise
control
Built-in energy management applications and DDC
programs for complete facility management
Modem
Comprehensive alarm management, historical data
trend collection, operator control and monitoring
functions
Support for peer-to-peer communications over
Industry standard 10/100 Base-T TCP/IP netw orks.
Apogee
Server
Gateway
BACnet/IP
Network
Internet
Remote
Login
Remote Login,
BACnet/IP
sMAP
Apogee
Server
Gateway
BACnet/IP
WattStopper
Server
Modem
BACnet/IP Protocol
• Schema
– Devices
– Objects
– Types
– Properties
• Methods
– Discovery
– Read
– Write
Schema
Object Types (50 total):
Device ID
Object ID, Type Num
Property ID
Property ID
Analog – Float
Binary – Boolean (e.g. relay state)
Multi-state – Enum (e.g. high/med/low)
…
Object ID
Input – Sensor input (e.g. temp)
Output – Control output (e.g. valve pos)
Value – Variable (e.g. setpoint)
Schedule
…
Schema
Properties (344 total):
•
•
•
•
•
•
…
PROP_PRESENT_VALUE
PROP_DESCRIPTION
PROP_LOCATION
PROP_UNITS
PROP_SCALE
PROP_LOW_LIMIT
Units (190 total):
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
…
Area
Electrical
Frequency
Length
Light
Mass
Mass Flow
Power
Pressure
Temperature
Time
Torque
Velocity
Volume
Volumetric Flow
Data
• 1358 control settings
– Set points, Relays (lights, pumps, etc), Schedules
• 2291 meters/sensors
– Power (building, floor, lights, chiller, pumps, etc)
• Current, voltage, apparent, real, reactive, peak
– Temp (rooms, chilled water, hot water)
– Air volume
– Alarms, Errors
• 2165 control outputs
– Dampers, valves, min/max flow, fan speed, PID parameters
• 72 other
Extendable to other Buildings
• Center for the Built Environment
– Other buildings on campus
• NY Times Building
Data
MSB
MS41A
(FAB Process Tool)
MS41B
ATSE02
(FAB Mech))
EOCD41B
MD42A
EX-6
CAC-1
ATS-EL
CB4A
ELCD41A
CL42A
Emergency Lights
and Recepticals
CL43A
EX-7
CITRIS Server
Room
ELEV-4
BDF
ELMD47A
SCHWP-1
IDF-3
EF-1
SCHWP-2
IDF-6
EF-2
CWP-1
MDC-UPSBypass
EF-3
CWP-2
CR22A
CAC-2
EF-4
CR23A
CL44A
CR24A
CL45A
PVP-1
PVP-2
PCWP-1
CR25A
PCWP-2
CL46A
CHP-1
CDAC-1
CR26A
CDAC-2
SF-1
SF-2
SF-3
RO/DI
Acid Wash
RAHU-1 thru 26
CL47A
CR27A
Power Breakdown
Building Power
(Excluding Nano Fab)
Building Power
400
350
Power (kW)
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
Lights & Plugs
Servers &
Cooling
Other
19%
Nano Fab
HVAC
Other
HVAC
52%
Lights &
Plugs
14%
Servers &
Cooling
15%
Issues
• Naming & Metadata
– Based on underlying physical controllers
• Encoding – binary
• Schema – fixed
• Security
Security Issues
Internet
Remote
Login
Remote Login,
BACnet/IP
sMAP
Apogee
Server
Gateway
BACnet/IP
WattStopper
Server
Modem
Questions
Sutardja Dai Building Power
800kW – 1MW
MSA
MSB
AH1A &1B
CAC 1&2
ELEV 4
CITRIS Server Room
CHP 2&3
IDF 3-6
SF.2
BDF
CH-1
Lev. 2-7 Lighting and
Receptacles
CP-1
FAB HVAC Load