EASA/Estonian
Rulemaking Workshop
Tallinn - 30-31 January 2013
Jean-Marc Cluzeau
Head of Flight Standards
Rulemaking Directorate
Content
Regulation 965/2012
‘Air operations’
Regulations 1178/2011 & 290/2012
‘Air Crew’
2
Regulation 965/2012
‘Air operations’
Outline
European aviation rules
OPS rule structure and rule development
Drafting principles for OPS rules
Overview “Cover Regulation”
Implementation
Entry into force
Transitioning
Grandfathering
Conversion of AOC
Flight Time Limitations
4
Outline
European aviation rules
OPS rule structure and rule development
Drafting principles for OPS rules
Overview “Cover Regulation”
Implementation
Entry into force
Transitioning
Grandfathering
Conversion of AOC
Flight Time Limitations
5
European aviation rule structure
Basic
Regulation
ATM/ANS: air traffic
management, air
Airworthiness
Regulation
Initial
airworthiness
Regulation
Continuing
airworthiness
Flight
Standards
ATM/ANS
Aerodromes
navigation services
TCO: third country
Regulation
Regulation
Regulation
Aircrew
ATCO
ADR
Regulation
Regulation
Air operations
ANS Providers
Regulation
Regulation
TCO
AUR
Regulation
ATM/ANS
Oversight
Regulation
SERA
operators
ATCO: air traffic
controllers
AUR: airspace usage
requirements
SERA: single European
rules of the air
ADR: aerodromes
6
Outline
European aviation rules
OPS rule structure and rule development
Drafting principles for OPS rules
Overview “Cover Regulation”
Implementation
Entry into force
Transitioning
Grandfathering
Conversion of AOC
Flight Time Limitations
7
OPS rule structure and rule development
Part-ARO: Authority requirements - OPS
‘Cover’
Regulation
Air operations
Annex I
Annex II
Definitions
Part-ARO
Part-ORO: Organisation requirements - OPS
Part-CAT: Commercial air transport operations
Part-SPA: Operations requiring specific
approvals
Annex III
Annex IV
Part-ORO
Part-CAT
Part-NCC: non-commercial operations with
complex motor-powered aircraft (CMPA)
Annex V
Annex VI
Part-SPA
Part-NCC
Part-NCO: non-commercial operations with
other-than-CMPA
Annex VII
Annex VIII
Part-NCO
Part-SPO
Part-SPO: specialised operations, e.g. aerial
work
Oslo workshop
8
OPS rule structure and rule development
Basic Regulation Article 3 item (j)
‘complex motor powered aircraft’ shall mean:
An aeroplane:
•
•
•
•
with a maximum certificated take-off
mass exceeding 5 700 kg, or
certificated for a maximum passenger
seating configuration of more than 19,
or
certificated for operation with a
minimum crew of at least two pilots,
or
equipped with (a) turbojet engine(s)
or more than one turboprop engine.
A helicopter certified:
•
•
•
for a maximum take-off mass
exceeding 3 175 kg, or
for a maximum passenger seating
configuration of more than nine, or
for operation with a minimum crew
of at least two pilots.
9
OPS rule structure and rule development
Rule
development
Phase
OPS I
Phase
OPS II
Phase
OPS III
Phase
OPS IV
Cover Reg.
Definitions
Part-ARO
Part-ORO
Part-CAT
A, H
S, B, A-to-A
Part-SPA
Part-NCC
Part-NCO
Part-SPO
initial version
amendment
10
OPS rule structure and rule development
Document
Status
Published:
Reg.
965/2012
Adopted in
EASA
Committee
Discussed
in EASA
Committee
Discussed
in EASA
Committee
Phase
OPS I
Phase
OPS II
Phase
OPS III
Phase
OPS IV
IR:
•
Rule
development
finalised
•
IR to be
published in the
Official Journal
Cover Reg.
Definitions
Part-ARO
Part-ORO
Part-CAT
Part-SPA
Part-NCC
Part-NCO
A, H
S, B, A-to-A
AMC/GM:
•
Rule
development at
final stage
•
To be published
together with IR
Part-SPO
11
OPS rule applicability
Rule
applicability
CAT
operator
NCC
operator
NCO
operator
SPO
operator
NAA
Cover Reg.
Definitions
Part-ARO
Part-ORO
Part-CAT
Com/non-com
CMPA
S, H, A-to-A
Part-SPA
Part-NCC
Part-NCO
Part-SPO
12
Outline
European aviation rules
OPS rule structure and rule development
Drafting principles for OPS rules
Overview “Cover Regulation”
Implementation
Entry into force
Transitioning
Grandfathering
Conversion of AOC
Flight Time Limitations
13
Drafting principles for OPS rules
Air
operations
Noncommercial
Commercial
CAT
Commercial Air
Transport operations
NC
SPO
Special operations
NCC
CMPA: complex motor powered aircraft
SPO
Non-commercial other
than SPO
with CMPA
Special operations
NCO
with other than CMPA
14
Drafting principles for OPS rules
Safety focus
Emphasis on SMS and oversight capabilities.
Risk-based approach.
Strengthening operator and authority responsibilities.
Harmonisation
ICAO compatibility.
Harmonised rules with other regional regulators, e.g. FAA, TCAA.
Flexibility and efficiency
Safety objective – Implementing Rule level.
Method to comply with safety objective – AMC level.
Operator can develop its own alternative AMC.
Specific operational or geographical needs can be addressed.
Proportionality.
15
Drafting principles for OPS rules
Proportionality: CAT rules differentiate between; (1/2)
Organisation;
non-complex versus complex organisations.
Nature of operation;
local/A-to-A versus A-to-B operations.
Flight rules;
IFR and night versus VFR operations.
Crew;
single-pilot versus multi-pilot operations,
operations with cabin crew versus operations without
cabin crew.
16
Drafting principles for OPS rules
Proportionality: CAT rules differentiate between; (2/2)
Aircraft;
non-complex aircraft versus complex aircraft,
single-engined aircraft versus multi-engined aircraft,
performance classes A, B and C for aeroplanes,
performance classes 1, 2, 3 and categories A and B for
helicopters.
17
Drafting principles for OPS rules
For transposing EU-OPS and JAR-OPS 3
Rules with a safety objective are transposed as IR.
Rules with a means to comply with a safety objective are
transposed as AMC,
following this principle, most Appendices have been
transposed as AMC.
Rules which could not obviously be classified as safety
objective or means to comply are transposed as IR.
Notes and rules with explanatory character are transposed
as GM.
Appendices with alleviations: 1.005(a), 3.005(f), 3.005(g)
have been transposed into the applicable rules, where
relevant.
18
Drafting principles for OPS rules
For transposing EU-OPS and JAR-OPS 3 (cont.)
Rules allowing an alternative if approved/accepted by the
authority have been removed and are replaced:
For IRs by the Article 14 procedure. *
For AMCs by the alternative means of compliance
procedure.
19
Drafting principles for OPS rules
*Article 14
Flexibility provisions
1.
The provisions of this Regulation and of its implementing
rules shall not prevent a Member State from reacting
immediately to a safety problem which involves a product,
person or organisation subject to the provisions of this
Regulation.
The Member State shall immediately notify the Agency, the
Commission and the other Member States of the measures
taken and the reason therefore.
20
Drafting principles for OPS rules
For transposing EU-OPS and JAR-OPS 3 (cont.)
Rules allowing an alternative if approved/accepted by the
authority have been removed and are replaced:
For IRs by the Article 14 procedure.
For AMCs by the alternative means of compliance
procedure.
Rules requiring an approval are either
transposed as IR, or
if transposed as AMC have been removed (alternative
MOC procedure).
Rules which are already covered in the essential
requirements (ER) of the BR have been retained with link
to the ER.
21
Drafting principles for OPS rules
For transposing EU-OPS and JAR-OPS 3 (cont.)
Rules containing
“acceptable to the authority”
have been transposed as
“the operator shall specify in the OM”
Rules containing
“if approved by the authority”
have been transposed as an item requiring prior approval,
or being included in the AOC.
22
Cross reference table
Cross reference tables:
•Comparison EASA OPS with JAR-OPS 3 and EU-OPS
•Difference statements
•Status: version 02 was published before end of 2012
•http://easa.europa.eu/flightstandards/doc/Cross%20reference%20table_version02.xlsx
Sec #
European
rule European rule
IR/AMC/ rule reference
GM
European rule
rule title
EUOPS/JAREU-OPS
OPS3
rule reference
IR/ACJ/AM
C/IEM
EU-OPS/JAR-OPS3
rule title
3.005(f) Operations for small
Appendix 1, (a)(1) helicopters (VFR day only)
1
IR
Annex I
Definitions for terms used in Annexes II to VII
IR
1
IR
Annex I
Definitions for terms used in Annexes II to VII
IR
1.037(a)4.
IR
3.1150(a)(1), (3),
1.1150(a)1, 4 - 6, 15
Terminology
(4), (15)
1
IR
Annex I
Definitions for terms used in Annexes II to VII
-
JAR-OPS3
rule reference
Accident prevention and flight
safety programme
-
1
IR
Annex I
Definitions for terms used in Annexes II to VII
IR
1.165(a)
3.165(a)
1
IR
Annex I
Definitions for terms used in Annexes II to VII
ACJ
1.345 2.a, 2.g, 2.k
1
IR
Annex I
Definitions for terms used in Annexes II to VII
IR
1.430 - Appendix 1
(f)1.(i), (ii)
1
IR
Annex I
Definitions for terms used in Annexes II to VII
IR
1.430 - Appendix 1
(New), (b)(3)
-
1
IR
Annex I
Definitions for terms used in Annexes II to VII
IR
1.430 - Appendix 1
(New), (b)(1)
-
-
Difference to EUDifference to EU-OPS
OPS
Description
Classification
-
No change
Difference to
Difference to JAR-OPS3
JAR-OPS3
Description
Classification
-
Definition for 'flight data monitoring'
extracted from EU-OPS rule
Amended
-
-
No change
-
Leasing
Amended
The terms are aligned with Art. 2 of Reg. (EC)
No 1008/2008
Amended
The terms are aligned with Art. 2 of Reg.
(EC) No 1008/2008
Ice and other contaminants
Amended
Anti-icing' and 'de-icing' refer to aircraft, not
only aeroplanes. 'Hold-over time' aligns with
ICAO Doc 9640, 2nd ed..
New
Definitions from EU-OPS refer to aircraft,
not aeroplanes and therefore apply to
helicopters too.
The scope of OTS CAT II has been extended
to helicopter operations.
Precision approach — Category
3.430 - Appendix
II and other than Standard
1, (d)(1)
Category II operations
No change
The definition in EASA OPS is more specific.
Small helicopters (as defined in JAR-OPS 1)
are treated as non-complex helicopters (in
the sense of the Basic Regulation).
-
No change
-
Amended
Aerodrome operating minima
Amended
Approach procedure with vertical guidance':
does not provide for the authority to approve
lower minima [Placed in main Annex I with
Opinion 1/2012]
-
-
Aerodrome operating minima
Amended
CAT I approach operation': GNSS using SBAS is
included
-
-
23
Outline
European aviation rules
OPS rule structure and rule development
Drafting principles for OPS rules
Overview “Cover Regulation”
Implementation
Entry into force
Transitioning
Grandfathering
Conversion of AOC
Flight Time Limitations
24
“Cover Regulation” Air operations
Article 1
Subject matter and scope
Article 2
Definitions
Article 3
Oversight capabilities
Article 4
Ramp inspections
Article 5
Air operations
Article 6
Derogations
Article 7
Air operator certificates
Article 8
Flight time limitations
Article 9
Minimum equipment lists
Article 10 Entry into force
25
“Cover Regulation” Air operations
Scope (OPS Phase I)
CAT operations with
aeroplanes, helicopters
Excluded for the time being are:
operations with airships, tilt-rotor aircraft, tethered
balloons and remotely piloted aircraft
operations by design or production organisations
related to the introduction or modification of aircraft
types
A-to-A operations with performance class B aeroplanes
and non-complex helicopters
26
“Cover Regulation” Air operations
Derogations (OPS Phase I)
Specific Annex II aircraft when used in CAT operations.
Member States may continue to require a specific approval
and additional requirements for helicopter offshore
operations.
Single engine IMC operations with aeroplanes may
continue to be operated in accordance with the conditions
contained in exemptions accepted under EU-OPS.
Helicopter operations to public interest sites may continue
outside performance class 1 and under conditions defined
by the MS.
27
Outline
European aviation rules
OPS rule structure and rule development
Drafting principles for OPS rules
Overview “Cover Regulation”
Implementation
Entry into force
Transitioning
Grandfathering
Conversion of AOC
Flight Time Limitations
28
Entry into force
New rules enter
into force as
indicated in the
Cover Regulation
and are
applicable...
…unless a
transition
period is
initiated.
29
Transitioning
Transition periods (opt outs)
CAT
NCC
NCO
SPO
A, H
B, S
A, H
A, H, B, S
A, H, B, S
2 years
3 years
3 years
3 years
3 years
MS shall;
inform EC and EASA within 2 months if opt-out is used,
describe reasons, duration, implementation programme.
30
Transitioning
Prior to applicability of Reg. 965/2012
Competent authority
Adapt management procedures, inspector’s handbooks,
certification software, etc.
Prepare a conversion report for CAT(H) in consultation
with EASA, describing how and when CAT(H) AOCs
holders will move to full compliance with new rules.
Operators
Adapt management systems, operational procedures,
training programmes, manuals.
Around 6 months before the transition period elapses
Initial certification or AOC renewal to be based on new
rules if likely not completed before end of opt-out period.
31
Grandfathering
Grandfathering of EU-OPS AOC
Grandfathering.
AOC issued in accordance with EU-OPS are deemed to
be compliant with the new regulation.
Differences between EU-OPS and new rules.
During opt-out phase adaptation of operator’s
management system, training programmes, procedures
and manuals.
New AOC format.
To be issued when the operator is fully compliant.
32
Conversion of AOC
Conversion of JAR-OPS 3 AOC
MS to establish conversion report describing;
the national requirements on the basis of which the AOCs
were issued,
the scope of privileges that were given to the operators,
the differences between the national requirements and
the new rules,
how and when the operators will be required to ensure
full compliance with new rules.
New AOC.
To be issued when the operator is fully compliant.
33
Outline
European aviation rules
OPS rule structure and rule development
Drafting principles for OPS rules
Overview “Cover Regulation”
Implementation
Entry into force
Transitioning
Grandfathering
Conversion of AOC
Flight Time Limitations
34
Flight Time Limitations
“My mind clicks on and off…I
try letting one eyelid close at
a time while I prop the other
open with my will. But the
effort’s too much. Sleep is
winning. My whole body
argues dully that nothing,
nothing life can attain, is
quite so desirable as sleep.”
Charles Lindbergh, describing
the fatigue that struck him nine
hours into his 33-hour solo
Atlantic crossing.
35
From intuition to science
Scientific
concept
Subjective
experience
Perception
influences
behaviour
Fatigue
Everybody
has the
feeling to be
an expert
Linked to
physiological
mechanisms
Perception of fatigue
linked to psychological,
social, cultural factors
36
Circadian
Cumulative
sleep debt
Time
awake
Fatigue
FATIGUE FACTORS
Amount of
recent
sleep
Time on
task
37
FTL – Background
Regulation 1899/2006 (EU-OPS)
Present
•
• Recital 7: Non-regression clause
• Recital 11: MS may apply more
stringent FTL
• Art. 8(4): Areas not covered by
Subpart Q
Regulation 216/2008 (Basic
Regulation) Art. 22(2):
• EASA shall issue CS and IR
including substantive Subpart Q
provisions
Future
•
38
FTL – Article 8(4) Provisions
OPS 1.1105 point 6 – extended FDP (split duty);
OPS 1.1110 point 1.3 rest compensating time zone
differences;
OPS 1.1110 point 1.4.1 –reduced rest
arrangements;
OPS 1.1115 – extension of flight duty period due to
in-flight rest; and
OPS 1.1125 point 2.1 – other forms of standby.
39
Subpart Q vs. Opinion 04/2012
Item
Cumulative
limits
FDP
Rest
Q
60h duty/7 days
190h duty/28 days
EASA FTL
100h block/28 days
900h block/calendar year
60h duty/7 days
110h duty/14 days
190h duty/28 days
100h flight/28 days
900h flight/calendar year
1000h flight/12 month 
13h day / 11h night
-30min 3rd – 6th sector
Extension night 11:45h
13h day / 11h night
-30min 3rd sector – 9h
No extension night
=
+
+
12h or duty home base
10h or duty away
36h 2 local nights
12h or duty home base
10h or duty away
36h 2 local nights
48h 2x/months
No 2nd local night exception
Disruptive schedules rest
=
=
=
+
+
+
2nd local night exception
++
40
Key safety improvements (1)
• Harmonised standards
General
Home
base
Cumulative
fatigue
• Single airport location
• Additional rest upon change of home base
• Improved extended recovery rest
• Compensation for disruptive schedules
41
Key safety improvements (2)
FDP
• Extended time window for night restrictions
• No extensions during night hours
• In-flight rest extension based on high quality of in-flight
rest facilities
• ‘Cap’ on combined duration of airport standby and FDP
• Other standby limited to 16 hours, FDP reduced after 8
hours
Standby • Minimum rest after standby, 25% count as duty
FRM
• Mandatory fatigue management training
• Operator responsibilities
42
CRD
Opinion
(or Decision
if only CS)
Decision
after
Opinion
2013
Quarter 3
2014
Quarter 1
2015
Quarter 1
One year
later
2012
21 August
2014
Quarter 1
2014
Quarter 3
2015
Quarter 3
One year
later
2013
Quarter 3
2015
Quarter 1
2015
Quarter 3
2016
Quarter 3
One year
later
Publication
dates
TOR
NPA
A&H
EMS
RMT.0346
2012
18 April
A
Air Taxi
RMT.0429
H
Other CAT
ops by H
RMT.0430
16 January 2013
Oslo workshop
43
Regulations 1178/2011 &
290/2012
‘Air Crew’
Outline
“Air Crew” Rule structure
Overview “Cover Regulation”
LAPL – PPL – SPL – BPL
Examiners
Current developments
Rulemaking Tasks
BASA
CQB
Medical Requirements
45
Outline
“Air Crew” Rule structure
Overview “Cover Regulation”
LAPL – PPL – SPL – BPL
Examiners
Current developments
Rulemaking Tasks
BASA
CQB
Medical Requirements
46
Rule Structure
Basic
Regulation
Airworthines
s
Regulation
Initial
airworthines
s
Regulation
Continuing
airworthines
s
Flight
Standards
ATM/ANS
Aeordromes
Regulation
Regulation
Regulation
Air crew
ATCO
ADR
Regulation
Air
operations
Regulation
SERA
Regulation
Regulation
TCO
AUR
ADR: Aerodromes
ATCO: licensing and medical certification of air traffic controllers
AUR: common airspace usage requirements and operating procedures
SERA: Standardised European Rules of the Air
Regulation
ATM/ANS
Systems
47
Regulation on Aircrew
Basic
Regulation
Commission Regulation
(EU) 1178/2011 published
in November
Regulation
Aircrew
Annex I
Part-FCL
Contains Cover Regulation,
Annexes I – IV
Decisions published in
December (AMC and GM)
Annex III
Licences of
non-EU states
Annex II
Conversion of
national
licences
Annex IV
Part-MED
Annex V
Annex VI
Part-CC
Part-ARA
Annex VII
Part-ORA
48
Regulation on Aircrew
Basic
Regulation
Commission Regulation (EU)
290/2012 published as
amending regulation
Regulation
Aircrew
Annex I
Decisions published in April
(AMC and GM)
Part-FCL
Annex III
Licences of
non-EU states
Structure and content of first
12 articles has been changed
by the amending regulation
Contains Cover Regulation,
Annexes V – VII
Annex II
Conversion of
national
licences
Annex IV
Part-MED
Annex V
Annex VI
Part-CC
Part-ARA
Annex VII
Part-ORA
49
Outline
“Air Crew” Rule structure
Overview “Cover Regulation”
LAPL – PPL – SPL – BPL
Examiners
Current developments
Rulemaking Tasks
BASA
CQB
Medical Requirements
50
Aircrew Regulation
Cover Regulation
(1178/2011 and 290/2012)
Annex I
Part-FCL
Annex III
Acceptance of TC
licences
Annex VI
Part-ARA
Annex II
Conversion of
national licences
Annex IV
Part-Medical
Annex VII
Part-ORA
Annex V
Part-Cabin Crew
51
Cover Regulation
Article Title
1
Subject matter
2
Definitions
3
Pilot licensing and medical certification
4
Existing national pilots’ licences
5
Medical certificates & AME certificates
6
Conversion of flight test qualifications
7
Existing flight engineers’ licences
8
Acceptance of third country licences
9
Credit for training commenced prior to the application of
the Aircrew regulation
52
Cover Regulation
Article
Title
10
Credit for military licences
10a
Pilot training organisations
10b
FSTDs
10c
AeMCs
11
Cabin crew medical fitness
11a
CC qualifications and related attestations
11b
Oversight capabilities
11c
Transistional measures
12*
Entry into force and application
* Also Article 2 of the Reg. 290/2012
53
Articles
Article 1 - Subject matter
1.
Pilots‘ licences
2.
Certification of instructors and examiners
3.
Medical certificates for pilots
4.
Certification of AMEs
5.
CC medical
6.
CC attestations
7.
ATOs, AeMCs
8.
FSTD certification
9.
Authority and organisation requirements
54
Articles
Article 2
Definitions
1. Here you will find all definitions
related to the cover regulation.
2. All annexes will have their
proper chapter for definitions
related to them.
55
Articles
Article 3
Pilot licensing
and medical
certification
Reference how to
comply with
articles 4 and 7 of
Regulation (EC)
No 216/2008
56
Articles
Article 4
Existing national pilots‘ licences
1. JAR compliant licences
2. Conversion of non-JAR-compliant licences
3. Annex II or conversion report
4. Content of the conversion report
5. Documents to be attached to the CR
6. CRI – TRI conversion for SP HP complex (A)
instructors and examiners
7. Special conditions for student pilots for LAPL
57
Articles
Article 5
Existing national pilots‘
medical certificates and
AME certificates
1. JAR compliant medicals
2. Replacement of pilots‘
medicals and AMEs’
certificates
3. Non JAR compliant
medicals and AME
certificates
4. Revalidation of medicals
58
Articles
Article 6
Conversion of flight
test qualifications
1. Conversion of
category 1 and 2
flight test
qualifications
2. Conversion report
59
Articles
Article 7
Existing national
flight engineers‘
licences
1. Conversion of ICAO
Annex 1 flight
engineer licences
2. Conversion report
3. Credit for ATPL(A)
60
Articles
Article 8
Acceptance of 3rd country
licences
1. Acceptance in accordance
with Annex III
2. Credit for ICAO Annex 1
licences holders
3. ATO recommendation
4. Specific credit for ATPL
holders
5. (A) or (H) type ratings
obtained in accordance
with 3rd country rules
61
Articles
Article 9
Credit for training
commenced prior to
the application of this
Regulation
1. Training in accordance
with JAR-FCL
2. Training in accordance
with ICAO Annex 1
3. Credit report
62
Articles
Article 10
Credit for military
licences
1. Apply to the Member
State where served
2. Credit in accordance
with a credit report
3. Content of the credit
report
63
Articles
Article 10a
ATOs
Article 10b
FSTDs
Article 10c
AeMCs
64
Articles
Article 11
CC Medical
Article 11a
CC qualifications and attestations
Article 11b
Oversight capabilities
Article 11c
Transitional measures
(organisations)
65
Article 12 - Deadlines
08/04/2014
08/04/2012 08/04/2013
Aircrew
regulation
applicable
General
derogation
period ends
Derogation
period ends for:
- Non JAR
licences to EU
licences
- ARA ORA for
non JAR ATOs
and AeMCs
- Validation or
conversion of
3rd c.l. non
commercial
- Cabin Crew
Medical
Requirements
- ORA for FSTDs
outside ATOs or
AOCs
66
Article 12 – Deadlines
08/04/2018
08/04/2015 08/04/2017
Derogation
period ends for:
- PL, As, B, S
- LAPL
- Add. Ratings
- MCCI(H)
- MI, FTI
- CC
- ATOs LAPL, PPL,
BPL, SPL
- ATOs flight test
rating
- CC H
- LAPL Medical
Latest date for
replacement of:
- JAR ATOs
(Article 10a)
- AeMCs (Article
10c)
- FSTD
certificates
(Article 10b)
- CC attestations
(Article 11a)
Latest date for
replacement of
JAR FCL licences
with EU licences
(Article 1 of Reg.
290/ 2012)
- JAR-FCL
medicals (Article
5)
- JAR-FCL AME
certificates
(Article 5)
67
Outline
“Air Crew” Rule structure
Overview “Cover Regulation”
LAPL – PPL – SPL – BPL
Examiners
Current developments
Rulemaking Tasks
BASA
CQB
Medical Requirements
68
Light Aircraft Pilot License
LAPL(H)
LAPL(A)
LAPL(S)
TMG
TMG
LAPL(B)
69
Light Aircraft Pilot Licence
LAPL(A)
2t MTOM, single-engine piston land & TMG
At least 30 hours training
Crediting for prior experience
Theoretical knowledge as for PPL
Separate skill test form
Lower medical requirements (GMP)
70
Light Aircraft Pilot Licence
LAPL(A)
Revalidation ? Recency ?
Where can I find this ?
See Part-FCL: FCL.140.A
71
PPL - SPL - BPL
PPL(As)
•
•
•
•
•
•
EU only
noncommercial
LAPL
„medical“
max. 2t MTOM
0/3 passengers
max. 3400m³
PPL(H)
PPL(A)
credits
credits
LAPL(H)
LAPL(A)
SEP land & TMG
TMG
SPL
credits
TMG
LAPL(S)
Sailplane
BPL
credits
LAPL(B)
credits
72
PPL – SPL - BPL
Subpart C
PPL(A) & (H) & (As) – SPL - BPL
PPL(A) & (H) - JAR-FCL transfer
PPL(As) new
SPL – as LAPL(S) (but Class II medical)
BPL – as LAPL(B) (but Class II medical)
73
Subpart C
Section 1
Common requirements
Minimum age
PPL – 17 years
BPL and SPL – 16 years
Training course in an ATO
TK examination (common & specific subjects)
Skill test
74
Subpart C
PPL(A) – Section 2
Specific requirements
FCL.205.A Privileges - ICAO wording but „may receive
remuneration“ for instructors and examiners (also
PPL(H), PPL(As), SPL and BPL)
Experience & crediting like in the JARs
LAPL(A) „upgrade“
LAPL(S) & TMG: „specific upgrade“
75
Subpart C
SPL - BPL
Specific requirements
SPL & BPL similar as for LAPL
Commercial privilege added
Groups for balloons introduced
Balloon classes specified in AMC1 FCL.135.B; FCL.225.B
76
Outline
“Air Crew” Rule structure
Overview “Cover Regulation”
LAPL – PPL – SPL – BPL
Examiners
Current developments
Rulemaking Tasks
BASA
CQB
Medical Requirements
77
Subpart K - Examiners
Hold the same licence, rating and
instructor rating or certificate for which
they take examinations
Act as PIC
Theoretical knowledge
Assessment of competence
Valid for 3 years
Special authorisation for revalidation
endorsements on the licence
Subpart K
Examiners
78
Examiners
Major differences to JAR-FCL

Part-FCL examiner holds a certificate instead
of an authorisation


increased liability issues for examiner – it is advised to
have a ‘professional indemnity’ insurance.
If examiner licence issued by MS 1,
applicant’s licence issued by MS 2 the
examiner must:

pre-notify the competent authority of the licence holder

receive a briefing from the competent authority of the
licence holder on national admin procedures, requirements
for protection of personal data, liability, accident insurance
and fees
79
Examiners
Major differences to JAR-FCL - continued

TRE conducts test/check for SP HPA complex
aeroplane type ratings

CRE’s perform test/check for class and type
ratings for single pilot aeroplanes, except SP
HPA complex aeroplanes
•
Authorities are no longer able to refuse a
Part-FCL certified examiner, who complies
with the requirements.
80
Outline
“Air Crew” Rule structure
Overview “Cover Regulation”
LAPL – PPL – SPL – BPL
Examiners
Current developments
Rulemaking Tasks
BASA
CQB
Medical Requirements
81
Current & Future RM tasks
FCL.002 Updating Part-FCL

On-going and active

Part-FCL learning objectives are based on JAR
LO’s, references will be updated

Timetable: NPA published 4th quarter 2013
82
Rulemaking task FCL.002
Flight examiner manual

Development of a new “Flight Examiner
Manual”

Will contain guidance for conduct of skill
test/proficiency check

“Manual” will cover all relevant aircraft
categories (aeroplane, helicopter, sailplane,
airship, etc.)
83
Rulemaking task FCL.002
Flight examiner manual continued..

Inclusion of Threat and Error Management

Envisaged to be an AMC to Part-FCL
appendices

The publication of the NPA is planned for
quarter 04/2013, the CRD is planned to be
published in quarter 02/2014, the Opinion in
quarter 03/2014 and the Decision by the end
of 2014.
84
Current & Future RM tasks
FCL.008 Qualifications for flying in IMC

CRD passed external consultation, next the
Opinion will be published

Proposes new ratings for en-route IFR flying and
sailplane cloud flying

Proposes competency based training for IR(A)
85
Current & Future RM tasks
FCL.013 Updating Part-ARA and Part-ORA
Reviewing and clarifying text, adding certificate
forms, etc.
Licence endorsement list is part of this task
FCL.014 AMC/GM material for non-complex
ATOs
Agency task
Experts from general aviation organisations also
participating
86
Current & Future RM tasks
FCL.004 Cruise relief pilot
At the moment only few requirements in PartFCL
EASA committee asked EASA to study this
matter further
to solidify the safety assessment in this regard and
to include an analysis of operational experience
As the safety recommendation published by the
BEA Final Report refers to the role of cruise relief
captain, it was added to the task and will also be
examined
Also OPS regulations will be reviewed
87
Current & Future RM tasks
RMT.0581 & .0582 Loss of control avoidance and
recovery training

Taking into account the deliverables of the
ICAO LOCART WG and ICATEE WG, this
rulemaking task reviews the following aspects
for initial, type and recurrent training:

manual aircraft handling of approach to stall and

stall recovery (including at high altitude)
88
Current & Future RM tasks
Loss of control avoidance continued..
•
Other items to be addressed:
•
Training of aircraft configuration laws
•
Recurrent training on flight mechanics
•
Training scenarios including the effect of surprise
•
Affected rules: Part-FCL, Part-ORO, Part-ORA,
CS-FCD, CS-SIM
•
Working method: group
•
Start: 2013, opinion 2016, decision 2017
89
BASA
Bilateral Aviation Safety Agreement
Agreement between the US and the EU on
cooperation in the regulation of civil aviation
safety
Objective of the agreement
Enable reciprocal acceptance, as provided in its Annexes,
of findings of compliance and approvals issued by the FAA,
EASA and EU NAAs
Is based on systems that produce equivalent results,
though processes and procedures may be different
90
BASA
The structure of the Agreement has three
levels:
Level 1 (Executive Agreement) and
Level 2 (Annexes) are concluded by the EU and
US and have a binding nature of a Treaty
Level 3 includes Technical Implementation
Procedures
91
BASA
Three subparts:
FSTDs
ATOs
Licensing
at the moment including PPL(A) and IR(A)
regulatory comparison in progress
92
ECQB
European Central Question Bank
-
Required for MPL, CPL, ATPL and IR
Database is based on JAA CQB
About 240 new questions
Totals approximately 10250 questions
Multiple-choice questions
500 annexes to the questions
Timetable: released by the end September
2012
Secured website (maintained by LPLUS)
Will be available only to authorities
93
Outline
“Air Crew” Rule structure
Overview “Cover Regulation”
LAPL – PPL – SPL – BPL
Examiners
Current developments
Rulemaking Tasks
BASA
CQB
Medical Requirements
94
General
Medical rules in Regulation Aircrew address
Pilots
Cabin crew
Aero-medical examiners
(AME)
Aero-medical centres
(AeMC)
General medical practitioners
(GMP)
Occupational health physicians
(OHMP)
Competent authorities
95
Regulation Aircrew
Regulation 1178/2011
Regulation 290/2012
Annex I
Part FCL
Annex IV
Part Medical
Annex VI
Part ARA
Annex II
Conversion of
national licences
Annex V
Part Cabin Crew
Annex VII
Part ORA
Annex III
Acceptance of TC
licences
96
Regulation Aircrew – Medical aspects in
Regulation 1178/2011
Regulation 290/2012
Annex I
Part FCL
Annex IV
Part Medical
Annex VI
Part ARA
Annex II
Conversion of
national licences
Annex V
Part Cabin Crew
Annex VII
Part ORA
Annex III
Acceptance of TC
licences
97
Regulation Aircrew – Annex IV
1178/2011
Aircrew Regulation
Annex IV - Part Medical
Subpart A
General Rules
Subpart B
Medical Rules
Pilots
Subpart C
Medical Rules
Cabin Crew
Acceptable Means of Compliance & GM
Subpart D
AMEs, OHMPs
98
Medical Certificate
(Annex IV, Subpart A)
Medical certificate to be issued by
Class 1, initial issue
Aero-medical Centre
Class 1, revalidation
AeMC or AME with class 1 privileges
Class 2, all certificates
AeMC or AME with class 2 privileges
LAPL
AME or AeMC
GMP where permitted under national law
99
Medical requirements (Annex IV, Subpart
B)
Based on JAR-FCL 3
Commercial pilots (class 1)
Private pilots(class 2)
Rules and AMCs are ICAO Annex 1 compliant
New
Light aircraft pilot licence (LAPL)
All specific medical requirements are in AMCs
Lower standard than ICAO Annex 1
100
Cabin Crew (Annex IV Subpart C)
Medical requirements for cabin crew
to assess whether cabin crew members are
medically fit to perform their cabin crew duties
safely
are relatively flexible and mainly in AMCs
The Medical Report, containing the
assessment result, will be issued by an
AME or AeMC
OHMP if possible under the national occupational
health system
101
AME Certificate (Subpart D)
Preconditions
Fully qualified in medicine, specialist training completed
Basic training course in aviation medicine for class 2
privileges
Advanced training course in aviation medicine for
extension of privileges to class 1
Adequate facilities to conduct aero-medical examinations
Procedures in place to ensure medical confidentiality
102
Authority Requirements
Based on the JAA JIPs
Contain the rules for
the Medical Assessor (qualification, obligations, medical
confidentiality)
certification of AMEs and AeMCs by the authority
forms/documentation
certificates (IRs)
application and Examination forms (AMCs)
forms for examinations at larger intervals (GM)
103
Organisation Requirements
Aero-medical centres are considered to be
Organisations
The AeMC certificate is of unlimited duration
Part-ORA requires AeMCs
to establish, implement and maintain a management
system
In addition, AeMCs have to comply with
personnel requirements
medical facility requirements
specific record keeping requirements (data protection)
104
Transition to European Rules
Cabin Crew
Med CC: 08.04.14
LAPL Medical
LAPL: 08.04.15
GMP / OHMP
National law
AME/AeMC certificates
Replace by 08.04.17
105
Flight Standards Department
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