Chapter 6, Lesson 2 The Progressive Movement Mr. Julian's 5th Grade Class Essential Question • How did Roosevelt’s presidency affect the social, political, moral, and economic reforms? Places • Yosemite National Park • Grand Canyon National Monument People • Ida Tarbell • Upton Sinclair • John Muir Vocabulary • • • • • Trust Progressive Muckraker Blue Laws Conservation Problems of an Industrial Society • Working in factories was often dangerous. • There were fire hazards and many of the workers were poorly trained to operate the equipment. • Children that worked were not able to attend school. Problems of an Industrial Society • Factories threatened the environment because they filled the air and water with pollution. • As industry became more important many joined together to from trusts. • Trusts have the power to drive out competition and form monopolies. Theodore Roosevelt and the Progressives • Roosevelt was a progressive or a reformer who worked to stop unfair business practices and improve government. • One group of Progressives were some writers called Muckrakers because they uncovered “muck” in some businesses. Theodore Roosevelt and the Progressives • On muckraker was Ida Tarbell. • In 1902 she wrote about the dangers of the trusts in Standard Oil, the company John D. Rockefeller started. • In 1906 muckraker Upton Sinclair wrote a novel called The Jungle about the conditions in the meat packing plants in Chicago. Theodore Roosevelt and the Progressives • Roosevelt signed two reform acts, the Meat Inspection Act and the Pure Food and Drug Act. • The Meat Inspection Act allowed government inspectors to check to make sure the meat was safe to eat. • The Pure Food and Drug Act made food and medicine safer by knowing the truth about the products. Impact of Reforms • Progressives believed that change would come through new laws. • Some new laws made buildings safer, coal mines were inspected, and schools had to hire nurses to protect children’s health. • Children were also required to attend school. Impact of Reforms • Blue Laws were designed to solve many social problems. • One such problem was the abuse of alcohol. • One long-lasting law was the Sixteenth Amendment to the Constitution which allowed for the government to tax income. Caring for Nature • John Muir had a great impact on the conservation of the country's special areas. • Conservation is the protection of something from being destroyed. • One such place that was saved was the Yosemite National Park, in California. Caring for Nature • Roosevelt wanted to keep many of the countries natural wonders protected. • In 1908 he set aside 800,000 acres in Arizona as the Grand Canyon national Monument. • Roosevelt created 16 national monuments, 51 wildlife refuges, and 5 new national parks. Timeline • 1901 - Theodore Roosevelt became President • 1906 - Upton Sinclair published the Jungle, a book that exposed unsafe conditions in Chicago’s meat packing plants. • 1913 - The Sixteenth Amendment created a national income tax.