ASER PAKISTAN
A Citizen Led Initiative
Punjab Launch
February10, 2014
Lahore
ASER PARTNERS
10,000 Volunteers – Citizens – Youth !
ASER PAKISTAN 2010-2015
•
Citizen led large scale national household survey
(3-16 years).
•
Quality of education in rural and some urban
areas (5-16 years).
•
Seeks to provide evidence on learning and access.
•
Influence National & Provincial policy and actions
for Right To Education (RTE) Article 25-A.
•
Provides information for tracking MDG/EFA trends
and targets up to 2015.
•
Influencing goal setting for Post-2015 agenda.
ASER ASSESSMENT TOOLS
ASER Assessment tools :
1. LEARNING
•Reading (Urdu/Sindhi/Pashto)
•Arithmetic
•English
Assessments are based on Class II level
curriculum for English & Urdu/Sindhi/Pashto
and Class III level for Arithmetic.
2. HOUSEHOLD SURVEY
3. SCHOOL SURVEY – GOVERNMENT & PRIVATE
Scale of the Survey
36
Districts (Rural)
4
Districts (Urban*)
62,634 Children (3-16 Years) | 1,928 Schools | 1,141 Villages |22,704 Households
*Urban: Rahim Yar Khan, Multan, Faisalabad, Lahore.
FINDINGS
Enrollment (6-16 Years)
RURAL
Enrollment (6-10 Years)
RURAL
Out of school children
(6-16 Years)
District wise map showing % children
who are not in school
RURAL
Out of school children – Punjab
(6-16 Years)
Top 5 districts
RURAL
% of OOSC
1. Gujrat
5.1
2. Narowal
5.9
3. Gujranwala
6.6
4. Chakwal
6.7
5. Rawalpindi
7.3
Bottom 5 districts
% of OOSC
1. Rajanpur
40.7
2. Dera Ghazi Khan
29.8
3. Chiniot
27.3
4. Rahim Yar Khan
27.2
5. Bahawalpur
23.8
Out of school children
(6-16 Years)
Province wise map showing % children
who are not in school
RURAL
Enrollment (6-16 Years)
URBAN
93%
Enrolled
7%
Out of
School
Gender Comparison
Out of School Children (6-16 years)
RURAL
Out-of-school children by gender 6 to 16 years
Boys
Girls
% Children
50
40
30
20
10
0
9
7
8
8
8
8
2011
2012
2013
The proportion of out of school children (girls & boys) has
remained the same.
Class Wise Enrollment
RURAL
Class-wise enrollment
2011
2012
2013
% Children
40
30
20
17
14
12
11
11
9
7
8
6
5
6
7
8
9
10
10
0
1
2
3
4
5
Class
Enrollment decreases as class level increases
QUALITY
LEARNING LEVELS
URDU
RURAL
66
%
children in class 5 can read
Story in Urdu.
LEARNING LEVELS
URDU
RURAL
Children who can read story Urdu
2011
2012
2013
100
75
% Children
80
66
60
46
40
27
20
0
Class 3
Class 4
Class 5
Class 6
Learning levels remain poor: 34% of the children from Class
5 cannot read Class 2 level story almost similar to 2012.
District wise map showing % children
who can read story (Class 2 level)
LEARNING LEVELS
URDU
RURAL
(Class 5)
Province wise map showing % children
who can read story (Class 2 level)
LEARNING LEVELS
URDU/SINDHI/PASHTO
RURAL
(Class 5)
LEARNING LEVELS
ENGLISH
RURAL
62
%
children in class 5 can
read Sentences in English
LEARNING LEVELS
ENGLISH
RURAL
Children who can read English sentences
2011
2012
2013
100
73
% Children
80
62
60
40
44
25
20
0
Class 3
Class 4
Class 5
Class 6
Very low improvement over the years: 38% of Class 5 children
cannot read sentence in English (Class 2 level) in 2013 compared
to 39% in 2012.
District wise map showing % children
who can read sentences (Class 2 level)
LEARNING LEVELS
ENGLISH
RURAL
(Class 5)
Province wise map showing % children
who can read sentences (Class 2 level)
LEARNING LEVELS
ENGLISH
RURAL
(Class 5)
LEARNING LEVELS
ARITHMETIC
RURAL
56
%
children in class 5 can do
2-digit division
LEARNING LEVELS
ARITHMETIC
RURAL
Children who can do division
2011
% Children
100
2012
68
80
56
60
40
20
2013
36
19
0
Class 3
Class 4
Class 5
Class 6
Arithmetic learning levels remain the same: 44% of class 5
children cannot do division in 2013 & 2012.
District wise map showing % children
who can do division (Class 3 level)
LEARNING LEVELS
ARITHMETIC
RURAL
(Class 5)
Province wise map showing % children
who can do division (Class 3 level)
LEARNING LEVELS
ARITHMETIC
RURAL
(Class 5)
LEARNING LEVELS
BY GENDER (5-16 YEARS)
RURAL
Learning levels by gender
English
55
Boys
54
Girls
Who can read at least
sentences
100
80
60
40
20
0
Learning levels by gender
Arithmetic
100
59
58
% Children
100
80
60
40
20
0
% Children
% Children
Learning levels by gender
Urdu
80
60
54
51
40
20
0
Boys
Girls
Who can read at least words
Boys
Girls
Who can at least do subtraction
Girls continue to lag behind boys in language and arithmetic competencies.
Learning levels of children enrolled
in private schools are better
LEARNING LEVELS
TYPE OF SCHOOL
Learning levels by school type Urdu
Government
Learning levels by school type English
Private
Government
100
100
77
65
60
71
48
62
63
40
20
Class 3: Can read at
least sentences
Class 5: Can read at
least story
36
63% of children in government schools (Class 5)
while 71% of children in private schools can read a
story in Urdu.
58% of children in government schools while 70%
of children in private schools (Class 5) can read
sentences in English.
54% of children in government schools while 60%
of children in private schools (Class 5) can do
division. .
Class 1: Can read at
least small letters
Class 3: Can read at
least words
Class 5: Can read at
least sentences
Learning levels by school type Arithmetic
Government
Private
100
80
% Children
•
58
0
Class 1: Can read at
least letters
•
40
58
51
60
70
20
0
•
71
80
% Children
% Children
80
Private
60
60
40
47
33
54
60
45
20
0
Class 1: Can
recognize at least
numbers (10-99)
Class 3: Can at least Class 5: Can at least
do subtraction
do division
ADDITIONAL LEARNING SUPPORT
PAID TUITION
Urban
Rural
Children attending paid tuition
Children attending paid tuition
Private schools
Private schools
Government schools
100
100
100
80
80
80
60
60
40
40
20
3434
30
30
16
16
17
17
3434
1515
0
% Children
% Children
% Children
Government schools
Government schools
Children attending paid tuition
Private schools
63
60
40
35
39
51
39
44
20
0
2011
2011
2012
2012
2013
2013
2011
2012
2013
Children in urban centers are more inclined to take paid tuition
LEARNING LEVELS
OUT OF SCHOOL CHILDREN
RURAL
Learning levels: out-of-school children
Urdu
Learning levels: out-of-school children Arithmetic
Learning levels: out-of-school children
English
100
100
55
40
20
11
10
7
Letters
Words
Sentences
17
100
80
60
53
40
9
20
15
9
14
0
0
Beginner
Story
Beginner
Number
Number
recognition 1-9 recognition 1099
Subtraction
Division
% Children
60
% Children
% Children
80
80
59
60
40
20
8
9
10
Capital
letters
Small
letters
Words
14
0
Beginner
More than 40% out of school children are at more than
‘beginner’ level
Sentences
LEARNING LEVELS
URBAN
100
80
60
40
20
0
2012
2013
2011
91
64
81
39
Class 3 Class 4 Class 5 Class 6
% Children
% Children
2011
Children who can read
English sentences
100
80
60
40
20
0
2012
64
Children who can do
division
2013
86
2011
94
48
Class 3 Class 4 Class 5 Class 6
% Children
Children who can read
story Urdu
100
80
60
40
20
0
2012
2013
86
49
73
26
Class 3 Class 4 Class 5 Class 6
Learning levels of children living in urban centers are better
compared to rural counter parts.
RURAL & URBAN COMPARISON
Urban
Rural
Mother's Education(At least Primary)
Tuition:Pvt.Schools
Tuition:Govt.Schools
Learning (Arithmetic)*
63%
37%
34%
15%
44%
39%
73%
56%
Learning (English)*
62%
Learning (Urdu)*
66%
Enrollment(6-16year)
Enrollment(3-5year)
86%
81%
84%
53%
*Learning levels are taken for children enrolled in Class 5
61%
94%
School Attendance &
Facilities
ATTENDANCE
TEACHER
RURAL
Govt. school
100
Pvt.School
88 87
88 92
89 93
91 93
Primary
Elementary
High
Others
% Teacher
80
60
40
20
0
•Teacher attendance in government primary schools is better compared to
private primary schools.
•Teacher attendance trends have slightly improved as compared to 2012.
ATTENDANCE
CHILDREN
RURAL
86%
86%
89%
88%
90%
88%
92%
Overall children attendance is better in government schools
88%
MULTI-GRADE TEACHING
Urban
Rural
Government
43
34
40
35
30
20
13
%Children
% Children
Private
50
50
40
Government
Private
30
35
30
22
20
10
10
0
4
0
Class 2
Class 8
Class 2
Class 8
Multi-grade teaching is higher in rural areas of Punjab. However,
the difference is not much.
BASIC FACILITIES
GOVERNMENT PRIMARY SCHOOL
RURAL
80%
95%
86%
Basic facilities in schools are still missing: 5% government primary schools do not
have drinkable water facility, 20% do not have complete boundary walls and 14%
do not have usable toilets.
Dissemination with a
Difference!
Mobilizing a Citizens’
Movement for Quality
Education in Pakistan
ASER Dissemination
Segmented Groups for
Accountability & Action
o ASER Baithaks/Jirgas/Katcheries (village/area gatherings)
stakeholders: parents, communities, children, teachers . teachers,
parents, children, government field officials to demand ACTION FOR
IMPROVEMENT!
o Teacher Unions & Associations Baithaks
o District/Provincial/Federal Education & Literacy Departments
 (Local, District, Provincial, National & International)
o Youth Groups - mobilizing Ambassadors for Learning
o Parliamentarians – politicians knocking on the doors in their
constituencies
o Judiciary & Judicial Academies- evidence backed judgments on 25 A
o Academia/University /Research Groups - Pakistan & Abroad
o Civil Society Organizations – nationwide- globally
o Social Media
o Media – Media – Media !
Supporters of ASER Pakistan
Thank You