Education in Chile
Maria-Paz Fernandez
Chile
• Population:
– 17.2 million
• Government:
– Democratic Republic
– Central government
• GDP Per Capita of
$17,200 (US $49,000)
• Ranked 15/136
countries with most
unequal family income
distribution (US is 42)
Chile
• Administrative division:
Regions
Communes
• 15 Regions
• 344 communes in
Continental Chile
Chilean Educational System
• Three types of schools
– Public
– Subsidized
– Private
• 2 standardized tests:
– PSU (12th grade), University admissions test. Those who score above 450
points can apply to the best Universities
– Simce (2nd, 8th and 10th grades)
• Differences between types of schools
Percentage of Students Who Scored Above
450 points
Average Score by Type of School
700
100%
600
90%
80%
Average Score
500
400
Public
Subsidized
300
Private
200
60%
Public
50%
Subsidized
40%
Private
30%
20%
100
0
70%
10%
Source: DEMRE
0%
Source: DEMRE
Protests Against the Education System
• Consequences of
current educational
system
Source: La Tercera
– Differences between
types of schools
– Differences in access to
high quality education
determined by income
– Access to University
• Several factors can
determine quality of
education
Source: The Clinic
Are there any areas (hotspots) where the
government should focus its attention in
public Education?
School Coverage
• Are there areas where
more public schools
are needed?
• Darkest areas show
concentrations of
population and
schools.
• There appears not to
be a coverage
problem.
Test Scores
• 2 standardized tests:
– PSU (12th grade)
– Simce (2nd, 8th and
10th grades)
• Are there any areas
where public schools
tend to do worse on
standardized tests?
• There appears to be
no concentration.
Teacher Quality
• Teachers are evaluated
by the government.
• Their skills are classified
in one of 4 categories:
–
–
–
–
Outstanding
Competent (minimum)
Basic
Insufficient
• Are there any areas
where schools tend to
have more teachers
with lower skills?
Poverty
• Poverty as an
important factor that
can lead to lower
students’
performance
• Students are
measured in 3 priority
levels
– “Vulnerability”
• Are there any areas
where schools tend to
have more vulnerable
students?
Education Index
• Parents’ education is
important factor.
• Are there any areas
where people tend to
have a lower
educational attainment
index?
Findings
• The Araucania and
Los Rios regions are
the
educational
hotspots
• They should receive
more attention from
the government
because they have
the most
“vulnerable” schools
Sources
•
Brandt, Nicola. (2010). Chile: Climbing on Giants´ Shoulders: Better Schools for all Chilean Children.
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OCDE).
•
ESRI, www.esri.com
•
•
Integrated System of Territorial Information (SIIT), Library of Congress Chile, siit.bcn.cl
National Statistics Institute Chile (INE), www.ine.cl
•
La Tercera, www.latercera.com
•
Ministry of Education Chile (Mineduc), www.mineduc.gob.cl
•
National System of Municipal Information Chile (Sinim), www.sinim.cl/indicadores/busq_serie_var.php
•
Suryadarma, Daniel, et al. (2006). Improving Student Performance in Public Primary Schools in Developing
Countries. Evidence from Indonesia. World Bank Research Paper.
•
The Clinic, www.theclinic.cl
•
University of Chile, Department of Education Evaluation, Measurement and Registry (DEMRE),
www.demre.cl/estadisticas.htm
•
University of Chile, Department of Education Evaluation, Measurement and Registry (DEMRE). (2012).
Compendio Estadístico Proceso de Admisión Año Académico 2012. Santiago, University of Chile.
•
World Bank, Data Catalog, data.worldbank.org
Models