Section 3 : Business Continuity Backup and Recovery Chapter 12 EMC Proven Professional The #1 Certification Program in the information storage and management industry © 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Chapter Objective Upon completion of this chapter, you will be able to: o Describe Backup/Recovery considerations o Describe Backup/Recovery operations o Describe Backup topologies o Describe backup technologies © 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Lesson: Backup/Recovery Overview Upon completion of this lesson, you be able to: o Define Backup and backup consideration o Describe purposes of backup o Explain backup granularity and restore o List backup methods o Describe backup/recovery process and operation © 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. What is a Backup? o Backup is an additional copy of data that can be used for restore and recovery purposes o The Backup copy is used when the primary copy is lost or corrupted o This Backup copy can be created by: o Simply coping data (there can be one or more copies) o Mirroring data (the copy is always updated with whatever is written to the primary copy) © 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. It’s All About Recovery o Businesses back up their data to enable its recovery in case of potential loss o Businesses also back up their data to comply with regulatory requirements o Backup purposes: o Disaster Recovery o Restores production data to an operational state after disaster o Operational o Restore data in the event of data loss or logical corruptions that may occur during routine processing o Archival o Preserve transaction records, email, and other business work products for regulatory compliance © 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Backup/Recovery Considerations o Customer business needs determine: o What are the restore requirements – RPO & RTO? o Where and when will the restores occur? o What are the most frequent restore requests? o Which data needs to be backed up? o How frequently should data be backed up? o hourly, daily, weekly, monthly o How long will it take to backup? o How many copies to create? o How long to retain backup copies? © 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Other Considerations: Data o Location o Heterogeneous platform o Local and remote o Number and size of files o Consider compression ratio o Example: o 10 files of 1MB size Vs 10000 files of 1KB size © 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Backup Granularity Full Backup Su Su Su Su Su Cumulative (Differential) Backup Su M T W T F S Su M T W T F S Su M T W T F S Su M T W T F S Su T W T F S Su M T W T F S Su M T W T F S Su Incremental Backup Su M T W T F S Su M Amount of data backup © 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Restoring from Incremental Backup Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday File 4 Updated File 3 File 5 Incremental Incremental Incremental Files 1, 2, 3 Full Backup Friday Files 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Production o Key Features o Files that have changed since the last backup are backed up o Fewest amount of files to be backed up, therefore faster backup and less storage space o Longer restore because last full and all subsequent incremental backups must be applied © 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Restoring from Cumulative Backup Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday File 4 Files 4, 5 Files 4, 5, 6 Cumulative Cumulative Cumulative Files 1, 2, 3 Full Backup Friday Files 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 Production o Key Features o More files to be backed up, therefore it takes more time to backup and uses more storage space o Much faster restore because only the last full and the last cumulative backup must be applied © 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Backup Methods o Cold or offline o Hot or online o Open file o Retry o Open File Agents o Point in Time (PIT) replica o Backup file metadata for consistency o Bare metal recovery © 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Backup Architecture and Process o Backup client o Sends backup data to backup server or storage node o Backup server o Manages backup operations and maintains backup catalog Storage Array Backup Data o Storage node o Responsible for writing data to Application Server/ backup device Backup Client Backup Server/ Storage Node Tape Library © 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Backup Operation Application Server and Backup Clients 3b 1 4 3a 5 1 Start of scheduled backup process 2 Backup server retrieves backup related information from backup catalog 3a Backup server instructs storage node to load backup media in backup device 3b Backup server instructs backup clients to send its metadata to the backup server and data to be backed up to storage node 4 Backup clients send data to storage node 5 Storage node sends data to backup device 6 Storage node sends media information to backup server 7 Backup server update catalog and records the status 2 7 Backup Server 6 Storage Node © 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Backup Device Restore Operation Application Server and Backup Clients 1 Backup server scans backup catalog to identify data to be restore and the client that will receive data 2 Backup server instructs storage node to load backup media in backup device 3 Data is then read and send to backup client 4 Storage node sends restore metadata to backup server 5 Backup server updates catalog 3 1 2 5 4 Backup Server © 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. 3 Storage Node Backup Device Lesson Summary Key points covered in this lesson: o Purposes for Backup o Considerations for backup and recovery o Backup granularity o Full, Cumulative, Incremental o Backup methods o Backup/recovery process and operation © 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Lesson: Backup/Recovery Topologies & Technologies Upon completion of this lesson, you be able to: o Describe backup topologies o Direct backup o LAN and LAN free backup o Mixed backup o Detail backup in NAS environment o Describe backup technologies o Backup to tape o Backup to disk o Backup to virtual tape © 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Backup Topologies o There are 3 basic backup topologies: o Direct Attached Based Backup o LAN Based Backup o SAN Based Backup o Mixed backup © 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Direct Attached Backups Data Metadata LAN Backup Server Application Server and Backup Client and Storage Node © 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Backup Device LAN Based Backups Application Server Backup Server and Backup Client Metadata LAN Data Storage Node © 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Backup Device SAN Based Backups (LAN Free) FC SAN LAN Metadata Data Backup Server Backup Device Application Server and Backup Client Storage Node © 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Mixed Backup Application Server and Backup Client Metadata FC SAN LAN Metadata Backup Server Data Application Server Backup Device and Backup Client Storage Node © 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Backup in NAS Environment – Server Based Storage LAN FC SAN NAS Head Application Server Backup Device (Backup Client) Backup Request Backup Server/ Storage Node Data Metadata © 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Backup in NAS Environment – Serverless Storage LAN FC SAN NAS Head Application Server Backup Device (Backup Client) Backup Request Backup Server / Storage Node © 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Data Metadata Backup in NAS Environment – NDMP 2-way Storage LAN FC SAN NAS Head Application Server Backup Device (Backup Client) Backup Request Backup Server Data Metadata © 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Backing up a NAS Device – NDMP 3-way NAS Head FC SAN LAN Storage LAN FC SAN Application Server (Backup Client) NAS Head Backup Device Backup Request Data Backup Server © 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Metadata Backup Technology options o Backup to Tape o Physical tape library o Backup to Disk o Backup to virtual tape o Virtual tape library © 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Backup to Tape o Traditional destination for backup o Low cost option o Sequential / Linear Access o Multiple streaming o Backup streams from multiple clients to a single backup device Data from Stream 1 Data from Stream 2 Data from Stream 3 Tape © 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Physical Tape Library Drives Drives Cartridges Import/ Export Mailbox Linear Robotics System Power Systems Server Class Main Controller I/O Management Unit Front View © 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Back View Tape Limitations o Reliability o Restore performance o Mount, load to ready, rewind, dismount times o Sequential Access o Cannot be accessed by multiple hosts simultaneously o Controlled environment for tape storage o Wear and tear of tape o Shipping/handling challenges o Tape management challenges © 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Backup to Disk o Ease of implementation o Fast access o More Reliable o Random Access o Multiple hosts access o Enhanced overall backup and recovery performance © 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Tape versus Disk – Restore Comparison 24 Minutes Disk Backup / Restore 108 Minutes Tape Backup / Restore 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 Recovery Time in Minutes* *Total time from point of failure to return of service to e-mail users Typical Scenario: 800 users, 75 MB mailbox 60 GB database Source: EMC Engineering and EMC IT © 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Virtual Tape Library Backup Server/ Storage Node LAN Backup Clients © 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Virtual Tape Library Appliance FC SAN Emulation Engine Storage (LUNs) Tape Versus Disk Versus Virtual Tape Tape Disk-Aware Backup-to-Disk Virtual Tape Offsite Capabilities Yes No Yes Reliability No inherent protection methods RAID, spare RAID, spare Performance Subject to mechanical operations, load times Faster single stream Faster single stream Use Backup only Multiple (backup/production) Backup only © 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Data De-duplication o Data de-duplication refers to removal of redundant data. In the de-duplication process, a single copy of data is maintained along with the index of the original data, so that data can be easily retrieved when required. Other than saving disk storage space and reduction in hardware costs, (storage hardware, cooling, backup media, etc), another major benefit of data de-duplication is bandwidth optimization. © 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Lesson Summary Key points covered in this lesson: o Backup topologies o Direct attached, LAN and SAN based backup o Backup in NAS environment o Backup to Tape o Backup to Disk o Backup to virtual tape o Comparison among tape, disk and virtual tape backup © 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Chapter Summary Key points covered in this chapter: o Backup and Recovery considerations and process o Backup and Recovery operations o Common Backup and Recovery topologies o Backup technologies o Tape, disk, and virtual tape © 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Concept in Practice – EMC NetWorker Additional Task Research on EMC Networker, EmailXtender, DiscXtender, Avamar & EDL NetWorker Server NetWorker Client Data Tracking & Management Tracking Data Data Source Recovery Data Backup Data Backup Device Backup Data Recovery Data Storage Node © 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Check Your Knowledge o What are three primary purposes for backup? o What are the three topologies that support backup operation? o Describe three major considerations of backup/recovery. o What are the advantages and disadvantages in tape and virtual tape backups? o What are the three levels of granularity found in Backups? o How backup is performed using virtual tape library? © 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. #1 IT company For more information visit © 2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. http://education.EMC.com