ENVIRONMENTAL
PLANNING
TOPICS
1.


2.
3.




Environmental philosophies
The old paradigm
The new paradigm (sustainable development)
Environmental law
Environmental planning practice
Travel cost method
Surrogate methods
Contingency valuation methods
Environmental impact statement
Environmental philosophies
RADICAL
CONSERVATIVE
TECHNOCENTRISTS
Cornucopians
•Developers
•Construction
•Industry
•Citizen (property
Rights coalitions
•Politicians (right)
ECOCENTRISTS
Accommodators
Soft technologists Deep environmentalist
•Planners
•Government officials
•Politicians (moderate & left)
•Citizens (suburban)
•Environment Consultants
•Environmental lobby
•Green Peace
•Sierra Club
Environmental Policy
Source: ICMA, 2000
ENVIRONMENTAL LAW
NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ACT (1969)
AIR
WATER
WASTE
NATURE
NATURAL
RESOURCES
SAFETY
LAND USE & ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING
Travel Cost Method: Valuing Parks
Distance/
Travel cost
Consumer
Surplus
Park
fee
Park revenue
# Visits
Contingent Valuation Method: The
Value of Clean Water
Contingent Valuation Method
Contingent Valuation Method
Contingent Valuation Method
Economic benefits of Environmental
Project
Price
Marginal Consumer
Surplus (benefit)
$ with
$ without
Revenue
Before
After
HH connections
Surrogate Prices of Environmental
Goods
Surrogate price for a nice view
P  a  bX sqfeet  bX lsize  bX dist
The parameter estimated for distance can be used as proxy to value
The nice view of a residence.
ECO. DEV. TRADE OFF GAME
Which aspect wouldn’t you trade for eco. development?
Mountain preservation
Nice mountain view
Community character
Clean Air
Clean water
Open space
Farm land
Environmental Impact Assessment:
The Leopold Matrix
PROJECT ACTIONS
Design
E
N
V
I
R
O
N
M
E
N
T
Biotic
Abiotic
Physical
Social
Site preparation
Construction
Monitoring
The EIS methodology
1.
2.
3.
Check list of impacts (positive negative)
Measuring magnitude (1-10): How much
impact the project will have in the
environment.
Measuring importance (1-10): Local vs.
regional; reversible vs. irreversible, etc.