Hållbara transporter - här och nu!
Jonas Strömberg
Director Sustainable Solutions, Scania
 Climate Change
 Peak Oil
 Energy security
 Diesel shortage
 Air Quality
 Congestion
 Increase of
transportation
…
Drivers for Sustainable Transport
Global warming
Effects so far beyond IPCC’s worst scenario
Rise in temperature
Changed weather patterns
Ice loss, Diseases, Rising seas, Fresh water, etc.
When, How often, Force, etc.
Heavier rains
Floodings, Landslides, Infrastructure, etc.
More evaporation
Droughts, Erosion, Deserts, Fires, etc.
Drivers for sustainable transport
End of cheap oil and local energy security
Transportsektorns utmaning
Oljeberoende, CO2-utsläpp, energieffektivisering
Oil use in OECD
120
100
80
Other sectors
70%
60
40
Transport sector
20
0
1970
1980
1990
2000
 Transport Sector to 97 % dependent on oil
Drivers for Sustainable Transport
Air Quality & Congestion
 Over 50 % of World’s population live in cities
 Air pollution and congestion is a major problem in most cities
Why Sustainable Transport?
Climate Change
Air Quality
Are you part of the problem?
Or part of the solution?
Oil & Energy Security
Congestion
10
Sustainable transport - vision
Many parallel roads
Engine
Rolling
resistance
Aerodynamics
1. Logistics
2. Driver
3. Vehicle technology
4. Biofuels
Payload
50%
1970
2000
50%
2020
40 km of Light Rail
14 km of Elevated Rail
7 km of Metro/Subway
What you get for US $ 1 billion
Source: BRT Planning Guide 2007, The Institute for Transportation &/ Development Policy
426 km of Bus Rapid Transit
12
Scania is part of the solution!
Commercially available
renewable fuel alternatives
Ethanol
BioDiesel
(RME)
Biogas
Synthetic
diesel
Methanol
DME
Hydrogen
Handle &
store
+
+
+
+
+
?
+
+
+
+
+
-
?
+
?
+
+
?
?
+
-
?
+
?
?
?
?
+
-
Comm.
available
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
No
Production
capacity
Local
Emissions
CO2/GHG
reduction
In vehicle
• 90 % of World’s biofuel
• Local and global fuel
• Sustainable volume
production
• 3rd party verification
• Stable fuel
• Average CO2 reduction
71 % (EU)
• Many feedstocks
• Similar to diesel
• Fuel quality issues
• Cold properties
• Not for infrequent use
• High and low blends
• Average CO2 reduction
38 % (EU)
3 commercial sustainable biofuels
• Local waste to fuel
• Good for local fleets
• Can be combined
with CNG
• Expensive infrastructure
• Average CO2 reduction
73 % (EU)
Ethanol and biodiesel
the major tools to reach
global energy security
and CO2 goals!
Biofuels 2020 - 2030 (IEA)
Big reductions possible – here and now!
from Annex V of the EU RED directive
Biofuel production pathway
Default GHG emission saving
Sugar beet ethanol
52%
Wheat ethanol, process not spec
16%
Wheat ethanol, NG as process fuel
47%
Wheat ethanol, straw as fuel
69%
Sugar cane ethanol
71%
RME (Biodiesel)
38%
Waste oil FAME (Biodiesel)
83%
Biogas from organic waste
73%
Considerable
reduction of
greenhouse gases!
Biofuels
Could be done right – could be done wrong!
Czech Rp
Norway
UK
South Africa
Ethanol buses & trucks
Brazil
Europe
 Poland
 Belgium
 UK
 Czech Rp
 France
Scandinavia
 Sweden
 Norway
 Finland
SLA
 Brazil
Africa
 South Africa
Asia/Oceania
 Australia
 Thailand
Bus - Biodiesel
Timber truck - Biodiesel
Refuse - Biogas
Bus - Biogas
Biogas & biodiesel buses & trucks
Coach - Biodiesel
Truck - Biodiesel
…energy efficiency and biofuels are
supporting each other – not competing…
Ethanol-hybrid buses tested in Stockholm 2009-10
Ökad energieffektivitet
Marknadsdrivet - oavsett kravställning eller bränsletyp
Euro
litres/100 km
1
2
3
4 5
’01
’06 ’09
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
 Bränsle är en stor del av operativa
kostnaden.
 Bränsleeffektivitet är ett centralt
konkurrensmedel.
 Alla effektiviseringar införs när de
är kommersiellt gångbara.
 Stigande bränslepriser (alla bränslen)
’92
0
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
’96
2000
2010
2020
Minskning av lokala emissioner
Sker via lagstiftning
NOx
PARTICLES
25
EU-direktivet om grön upphandling
Syfte: Ta med energiförbrukning
och utsläpp i upphandling.
Räknar om dessa till ett monetärt
värde.
Men – om inte kravställaren lägger
till egna krav  mycket liten effekt
på CO2 och lokala utsläpp.
I praktiken enbart effekt på
energieffektivisering!
Hur tacklar vi den stora utmaningen här och nu?
Projected CO2-emissions
from road transport in EU
Effektiv CO2-reduktion från transportsektorn
Data from TREMOVE
Operativ
kostnad
Lokala
emissioner
(PM, NOx)
Lagstiftning
(Euro 5 etc)
Gröna
upphandlingsdirektivet
Ja
Värderas
mycket svagt
Energieffektivitet
Ja
Ja
Fossil CO2
Svag
drivkraft
Värderas
mycket svagt
Behov av
ytterligare
upphandlingskrav
Ja
 Transportbranschens svåraste utmaning – kraftfull fossil
CO2-reduktion – kan här och nu endast effektivt drivas genom
egna funktionella upphandlingskrav… …
 Viktigt: Hur mycket CO2-reduktion får man per krona?
Vad driver hållbara transporter här och nu?
31
Men det finns kommersiella lösningar som
kan göra verklig skillnad – här och nu!
Hållbara transporter - här och nu!
Birger Pettersson
Säljare Gröna Produkter, Scania-bilar Sverige
33
Men det finns kommersiella lösningar som
kan göra verklig skillnad – här och nu!
35
Ecolution by Scania
Main components
Vehicle
Driver training
Driver follow-up
Maintenance+
CO2 and energy
optimised
specification
Customised energy
efficient driving
Coaching and
continuous
improvements
Extra attention to
fuel economy
Consulting
Ecolution by Scania - exempel
CO2
Maintenance+
34.1
l/100 km
31.2
l/100 km
28.4
Driver follow-up
l/100 km
biofuel

Exempel från kund med long-haul diesellastbil
 Från:
 Till:
 Till:
3,4 liter/mil, medelhastighet 59.2 km/h (Ursprungsfordon)
3,1 liter/mil, medelhastighet 63.8 km/h (Optimerat nytt fordon)
2,8 liter/mil, medelhastighet 63.2 km/h (Förarträning)
Ecolution
 Bra för miljön.
 Bra för affärerna.
 Här och nu.
Brochure
Stadsbuss, Distribution, Sopbil
Fjärrtrafik, Coach , Anläggning
Bioetanol, biodiesel, biogas
Tumregler för biobränslen
Biodiesel
40
Analysera var du får mest
CO2-besparing för pengarna!
71%
73%
38%
CO2-reduktion
2500000
+22%
2000000
+29%
+3%
1500000
vehicle
maintenance
1000000
fuel
500000
0
diesel
Etanol
Biogas
biodiesel
OBS - exempel!
Varje fall är unikt – olika drivmedelsproduktion och driftfall.
Scania hittar bästa lösning för varje kund!
Ethanol buses in Stockholm since 1989
• All buses on
biofuels in the
inner city
• Big effect on
both air quality
and CO2
• Cost efficient
CO2 reduction!
• ~ 500 ethanol
buses
• ~ 140 biogas
buses
• Over 6 tonnes
of particles
and 50 000
tonnes of CO2
reduced/year
Public Transport
Authority’s (SL)
biofuel goals:
• 2006 25 %
• 2012 50 %
• 2025 100 %
Up to 90% less fossil CO2 with existing technology
Tack!
jonas.stromberg@scania.com
birger.pettersson@scania.com
51
Optimised specification
Fleet management
No
C200 analysis
Engine
Fuel: Biodiesel, biogas, ethanol
Highly reflective glass
Gear shifting programme
with
without
Eco
Openable windows
with
Acceleration control
without
with
with
Auxiliary heater
without
with
Not in
combination
with AC
 EU Directive: 10 % biofuels 2020
 To count, biofuels must meet
EU’s sustainability criteria:
 Minimum level of greenhouse gas
savings (35%, rising to 50% in 2017, and
to 60% in 2018 for new installations)
 No raw material from high carbon land
 No raw material from highly bio-diverse
land
 Other local certification schemes can
qualify under EU umbrella
Ethanol, biogas
and biodiesel
can fulfil the
EU criteria.