“Green ENERgy
AudiTIng for a LOw
CarboN Economy”
Best practices on Simplified Energy
Audits and policies / strategies will be
influenced
Rogelio Zubizarreta Jiménez
Instituto Andaluz de Tecnología
THE GENERATION PROJECT
Contents
 Objetives
 Partners
 Project Management
 Best Practices
 Policies / Strategies
THE GENERATION PROJECT
Objetives
Development of an innovative methodology
(Simplified Energy Audit – SEA)
Exchange and transfer of best practices & knowledge
in Building Energy Audits in public buildings
Knowing the performance of buildings in a cost-effective way
Harmonisation of audit schemes to strengthen regional and European
policy frameworks
THE GENERATION PROJECT
Partners
1) Andalusian Institute of Technology - IAT (Andalusia, SP)
Lead Partner & Financial Manager
Innovation & Technology experts
2) The Environment Centre - tEC (South East England, UK)
Communication Manager
Sustainable development advisors
3) Province of Modena - PoM (Emilia-Romagna, IT)
Legacy Manager
Public Authority
4) AGH University of Science and Technology from Krakow (Malopolska,PL)
Scientific Manager
University
THE GENERATION PROJECT
IDENTIFICATION OF STAKEHOLDERS
Advisory Board definition:
University - Public Organization – Private sector
STATE OF PLAY ANALYSIS
Project Management
Energy audits collection data
(20 public buildings per region)
SWOT analysis
Best practices identification
(Total of 8 BP)
DEVELOPMENT OF A COMPUTER-BASED TOOL AND
A METHODOLOGY FOR SIMPLIFIED ENERGY AUDITS
Relevant characteristics definition
to evaluate energetic performance
of buildings
Physical model
development
for energy building
performance
Methodology for
simplified
energy audits
development.
VALIDATION OF THE DEVELOPED TOOLS
Physical model
adjustment
Date Base loading
Methodology for simplified
energy audits validation
COMMUNICATION ACTIONS
MOVING FROM COMMUNICATION TO POLICY
THE GENERATION PROJECT
Best Practices
 No 1. Calculation of Energy Demand
 No 2. Calculation of Operative Performances
 No 3. Holistic calculation of energy reduction proposals
 No 4. Analysis and Validation of Comfort Conditions
 No 5. Analysis of Distribution of Energy Consumption
 No 6. Sample Period
 No 7. Behavioural Change
 No 8. Cost-effectiveness
THE GENERATION PROJECT
Best Practice No 1. Calculation of Energy Demand
Most often, the energy demand of buildings is not taken into account in an energy
audit, due to the complexity of calculation (solar radiation, wind speed and
direction, occupancy, lighting and equipment, etc.).
By omitting the energy demand, consulting firms are not really quantifying the
measures to reduce it.
Calculation of energy demand will allow a reduction of a building’s energy
consumption through the reduction of the demand itself.
The main objective of this best practice is to ensure that the tool provide a
simplified way of calculating the energy demand of buildings.
THE GENERATION PROJECT
Best Practice No 1. Calculation of Energy Demand
THE GENERATION PROJECT
Best Practice No 2. Calculation of Operative
Performances
Usually, calculations of energy consumption only consider nominal conditions
“COP/EER” specified by HVAC equipment manufacturers forgetting an important
deviation in respect to the operative conditions (even up to 50%).
This fact will then lead to incorrect calculations for improvements focused on the
efficiency of the building’s HVAC systems.
Energy audits do not usually consider operative performances COP/EER of
HVAC systems due to the complexity of measurement.
Calculation of operative performances COP/EER will permit consulting firms to
quantify proposals focused on improving the efficiency of HVAC systems.
THE GENERATION PROJECT
Best Practice No 3. Holistic calculation of energy
reduction proposals
The energy reduction proposals should be based on coherent technical analysis
where each factor is connected with all the others.
Example: increasing the building walls thermal insulation should result in a
reduction of the level of space heating thermal power needed.
Modifying both walls thermal insulation and heating thermal power could be
incompatible!
The approach will enable consulting firms to apply the methodology in order to
achieve optimal solutions, covering each of the main elements influencing energy
demand and energy consumption in buildings.
THE GENERATION PROJECT
Best Practice No 4. Analysis and Validation of Comfort
Conditions
The state of art analysis has showed that the consulting firms often do not
consider comfort conditions in energy audits.
Omitting comfort conditions may result in a deterioration of comfort standards
compared with user requirements: oversizing the energy system.
Analysis of building comfort conditions can result the optimization of energy
demand and energy consumption.
The main objective of this best practice is to ensure that the comfort conditions
analysis will be applied in simplified energy audits: optimal economic effects.
THE GENERATION PROJECT
Best Practice No 4. Analysis and Validation of Comfort
Conditions
THE GENERATION PROJECT
Best Practice No 5. Analysis of Distribution of Energy
Consumption
The metered electric data is usually available on a monthly basis. Using this
data it is possible to distinguish the HVAC system from all other loads by
comparing the load in the months when this system is on with the load in the
months when is off.
The separation of the other electric loads (lighting, equipment, etc), may only
be achieved by calculating analytically their single amount, for example summing
up all lighting equipment power and estimating the hours of operation
The main objective of this best practice is to provide suggestions to energy
auditors on the easiest solutions for separating the different loads within a
building.
Using the obtained information the energy auditor can identify energy waste
and suggest interventions and improvements.
THE GENERATION PROJECT
Best Practice No 5. Analysis of Distribution of Energy
Consumption
THE GENERATION PROJECT
Best Practice No 6. Sample Period
The acquisition of electric loads requires a higher sampling frequency and a
shorter time duration; while thermal flow meter data requires lower frequency
sampling over longer time periods.
The flow meter sampling duration for obtaining separate flows is typically a full
thermal season, and the sampling frequency may be once per month.
In the case of acquiring electric consumption data the duration of the
acquisition time should be at least some months, in order to separate the HVAC
system load from the basic load due to artificial lighting and equipment.
The main objective is to suggest a suitable sampling time and frequency for the
two types of consumption data for energy auditors requiring more detailed
information on energy flows.
THE GENERATION PROJECT
Best Practice No 7. Behavioural Change
It is essential that people are made aware of the small changes they can make in
their day to day use of their building, to make significant energy savings.
It will produce a behavioural change document, with recommendations for
reducing energy demand and consumption.
In the case of public buildings which have frequently changing visitors, staff
within buildings could create a behaviour change campaign, using posters etc.
The main objective of this best practice is to encourage inhabitants of public
buildings, and the wider public, to modify their behaviour in order to reduce the
energy demand and consumption within the buildings they inhabit.
THE GENERATION PROJECT
Best Practice No 8. Cost-effectiveness
High cost has been found to be a barrier to the take up of energy audits,
particularly in large/complicated buildings owned by public bodies.
The tool will be formulated so that non-specialists are able to use it to carry out
audits. The user must have a reasonable degree of knowledge of energy
systems/energy auditing.
The quality of the results and recommendations should not be compromised, but
should be balanced against costs.
The main objective is to ensure that the methodology and tool provide a way of
conducting energy audits in a more economical manner (saving time, initial costs
and human resources).
THE GENERATION PROJECT
POLICIES AND STRATEGIES TO BE INFLUENCED
 BUILDING SECTOR
 Responsible for about 40% of EU’s final energy consumption and CO2.
 Potential for cost-effective energy savings (EU will consume 11% less final
energy in 2020).
 PROJECT’S CENTRE OF GRAVITY
 To improve energy efficiency of the partner regions through regulation,
promotion and policies.
 To promote a Low Carbon Economy through:
• Greenhouse gases in public buildings.
• Reduction of energy consumption.
Reduction of carbon footprint
THE GENERATION PROJECT
POLICIES AND STRATEGIES TO BE INFLUENCED
 20-20-20% TARGETS
 Reduction of:
 Increase of:
• 20% of energy consumption
• 20% of greenhouse gas emissions
• 20% of share of renewables
 EU ACTION PLAN FOR ENERGY EFFICIENCY
 Highlights the importance of Energy Audits to supply useful information
which is often difficult to obtain, and identify energy-saving opportunities.
 ENERGY END-USE EFFICIENCY AND ENERGY SERVICES DIRECTIVE (2006/32/EC)
 To develop efficient and high quality energy audit schemes.
 To use energy efficiency and demand-side management as alternatives to
new supply and for environmental protection.
THE GENERATION PROJECT
POLICIES AND STRATEGIES TO BE INFLUENCED
 TO SUM UP, THE GENERATION PROJECT...
 Will allow strengthen regional policy frameworks through the transfer of
knowledge and harmonization of audit schemes.
 Obtained sustainable results can be mainstreamed at the European level and
beyond.
 Improves
the
effectiveness
of
regional
development
policies
and
instruments through the exchange, sharing and transfer of policy experience,
knowledge and best practices.
 The GENERATION project will deliver mainstreaming results that will
facilitate the transition towards a low carbon economy, contributing to improve
the triple vertex of sustainable development: environment, economy and
social.
THE GENERATION PROJECT
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!
IAT Málaga and
International Programmes Unit
Tfno. 95 446 80 10
c/Leonardo da Vinci 2
Fax: 95 446 04 07
Isla de La Cartuja
http://www.iat.es
41092 Sevilla